Entry
Name
sulfur-oxidizing heterodisulfide reductase-like enzyme system (type I);
sHdr system (type I)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on a sulfur group of donors;
With a disulfide as acceptor
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
[TusA sulfur-carrier protein]-S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine:[LbpA protein]-N6-lipoyl-L-lysine oxidoreductase
Reaction(IUBMB)
[TusA sulfur-carrier protein]-S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine + 2 [LbpA protein]-N6-lipoyl-L-lysine + 3 H2O = [TusA sulfur-carrier protein]-L-cysteine + 2 [LbpA protein]-N6-dihydrolipoyl-L-lysine + sulfite [RN:
R13542 ]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
[TusA sulfur-carrier protein]-S-sulfanyl-L-cysteine;
[LbpA protein]-N6-lipoyl-L-lysine;
H2O [CPD:
C00001 ]
Product
[TusA sulfur-carrier protein]-L-cysteine;
[LbpA protein]-N6-dihydrolipoyl-L-lysine;
sulfite [CPD:
C00094 ]
Comment
This enzyme complex, usually referred to as the sHdr system (type I), is a cytoplasmic sulfur oxidation system found in many bacterial and archaeal sulfur oxidizers. The system consists of a dimer of the iron-sulfur flavoprotein sHdrA and one subunit each of the proposed catalytic subunit sHdrB1, the disulfide reductase sHdrB2, and the ferredoxin-like electron carrier proteins sHdrC1 and sHdrC2. The system oxidizes a sulfane sulfur, provided by the TusA sulfur-carrier protein, to sulfite, using a dedicated lipoylated protein (LbpA) as the electron acceptor.
History
EC 1.8.4.17 created 2025
Orthology
K28385 sulfur-oxidizing heterodisulfide reductase-like enzyme system (type I) subunit A
K28386 sulfur-oxidizing heterodisulfide reductase-like enzyme system (type I) subunit B
K28387 sulfur-oxidizing heterodisulfide reductase-like enzyme system (type I) subunit C
Genes
HHC : M911_11215 M911_11220 M911_11230 M911_11235 M911_11240
EBS : ECTOBSL9_0282 ECTOBSL9_0283 ECTOBSL9_0285 ECTOBSL9_0286 ECTOBSL9_0287
TGR : Tgr7_2211 Tgr7_2212 Tgr7_2214 Tgr7_2215 Tgr7_2216
TKM : TK90_0632 TK90_0633 TK90_0634 TK90_0636 TK90_0637
TNI : TVNIR_3244(hdrB_[H]) TVNIR_3245(hdlC_[H]) TVNIR_3247(hdrA_[H]) TVNIR_3248(hdlB_[H]) TVNIR_3249
TVR : TVD_10625 TVD_10630 TVD_10640 TVD_10645 TVD_10650
APRS : BI364_13790 BI364_13795 BI364_13805 BI364_13810 BI364_13815
AAEO : BJI67_04060 BJI67_04065 BJI67_04070 BJI67_04080 BJI67_04085
AFY : BW247_09910 BW247_09915 BW247_09925 BW247_09930 BW247_09935
ACII : C4901_12955 C4901_12960 C4901_12970 C4901_12975 C4901_12980
ATY : A9R16_003990 A9R16_003995 A9R16_004000 A9R16_004010 A9R16_004015
SULF : CAP31_01840 CAP31_01845 CAP31_01850 CAP31_01860 CAP31_01865
SPLB : SFPGR_29420(hdrB) SFPGR_29430(hdrC) SFPGR_29450(hdrA) SFPGR_29460 SFPGR_29470
SNIV : SFSGTM_27260(hdrB) SFSGTM_27270(hdrC) SFSGTM_27290(hdrA) SFSGTM_27300 SFSGTM_27310
HDN : Hden_0689 Hden_0690 Hden_0691 Hden_0693 Hden_0694
RHC : RGUI_1278 RGUI_1279 RGUI_1281 RGUI_1282 RGUI_1283
AEP : AMC99_00775 AMC99_00776 AMC99_00778 AMC99_00779 AMC99_00780
QSO : IRL76_11075 IRL76_11080 IRL76_11085 IRL76_11095 IRL76_11100
AFR : AFE_2550(sdhC) AFE_2551 AFE_2553 AFE_2554 AFE_2555 AFE_2586
AFE : Lferr_2178 Lferr_2183 Lferr_2184 Lferr_2185 Lferr_2215
ACU : Atc_2347 Atc_2348 Atc_2350 Atc_2351 Atc_2352 Atc_2393 Atc_2523
ACZ : Acaty_c2190 Acaty_c2191 Acaty_c2193 Acaty_c2194 Acaty_c2195 Acaty_c2236 Acaty_c2366
AFI : Acife_2471 Acife_2472 Acife_2474 Acife_2475 Acife_2476 Acife_2519
AFJ : AFERRID_05100 AFERRID_05110 AFERRID_05130 AFERRID_05140 AFERRID_05150 AFERRID_05460
ATX : GCD22_01577(hdrB1) GCD22_02661(hdrB1) GCD22_03145(hdrB) GCD22_03146(hdlC) GCD22_03148(hdrA) GCD22_03149(hdrB1) GCD22_03150 GCD22_03192(hdrB1) GCD22_03279(hdrA)
AFP : K1Y48_08825 K1Y48_09025 K1Y48_09030 K1Y48_09035 K1Y48_09045 K1Y48_09050
ACIY : MQE22_02535 MQE22_02740 MQE22_02745 MQE22_02750 MQE22_02760 MQE22_02765 MQE22_10710
AFH : GL267_002305 GL267_002480 GL267_002485 GL267_002490 GL267_002500 GL267_002505
TRO : trd_0153 trd_0154 trd_0155
OSP : Odosp_0421 Odosp_0422 Odosp_0423
BUY : D8S85_20540 D8S85_20545 D8S85_20550
BVIR : I6J59_08945 I6J59_08950 I6J59_08955
BFH : F1611_02855 F1611_02860 F1611_02865
AFD : Alfi_2099 Alfi_2100 Alfi_2101
ALD : GFH31_08495 GFH31_08500 GFH31_08505
AOK : A3BBH6_05090 A3BBH6_05100 A3BBH6_05110
ACOU : A5CBH24_14810 A5CBH24_14820 A5CBH24_14830
ADA : A5CPEGH6_16740 A5CPEGH6_16750 A5CPEGH6_16760
AIT : AI2BBH_11650 AI2BBH_11660 AI2BBH_11670
ASEN : NQ519_03355 NQ519_03360 NQ519_03365
AIU : NQ491_07875 NQ491_07880 NQ491_07885
BACC : BRDCF_p1058 BRDCF_p1059(hdrB) BRDCF_p1060 BRDCF_p1818 BRDCF_p1819(hdrC)
ANF : AQPE_4789 AQPE_4790 AQPE_4791
ALKQ : M9189_04050 M9189_04055 M9189_04060
CTS : Ctha_0136 Ctha_0137 Ctha_0138
AAE : aq_391 aq_392 aq_394 aq_395(hdrA) aq_398(hdrC) aq_400(hdrB)
HYA : HY04AAS1_1077 HY04AAS1_1078 HY04AAS1_1080 HY04AAS1_1081 HY04AAS1_1082
HHO : HydHO_1072 HydHO_1073 HydHO_1075 HydHO_1076 HydHO_1077
HYS : HydSN_1099 HydSN_1100 HydSN_1102 HydSN_1103 HydSN_1104
HTH : HTH_1878(hdrB1) HTH_1879(hdrC1) HTH_1881(hdrA) HTH_1882(hdrB2) HTH_1883(hdrC2)
HTE : Hydth_1860 Hydth_1861 Hydth_1863 Hydth_1864 Hydth_1865
TAL : Thal_1343 Thal_1344 Thal_1346 Thal_1347 Thal_1348
TRD : THERU_00165 THERU_00170 THERU_00175 THERU_00185 THERU_00190
BTS : Btus_2496 Btus_2497 Btus_2498
KYR : CVV65_12490 CVV65_12495 CVV65_12500
SAY : TPY_3529(hdrA) TPY_3530 TPY_3531
SAP : Sulac_1384 Sulac_1385 Sulac_1386
STHR : BXT84_01295 BXT84_01300 BXT84_01310 BXT84_01315 BXT84_01320 BXT84_06250 BXT84_06255
HFV : R50_0688 R50_0689 R50_0690 R50_0692 R50_0693 R50_1169 R50_1170 R50_1171
PARN : NBH00_11855 NBH00_11860
AFO : Afer_0964 Afer_0965 Afer_0966
CAN : Cyan10605_2790 Cyan10605_2791 Cyan10605_2792
CYD : Dongsha4_08955 Dongsha4_08960 Dongsha4_08965
SYL : AWQ21_15425 AWQ21_15430 AWQ21_15435
CYC : PCC7424_1697 PCC7424_1698 PCC7424_1699
PPSU : NO713_02684(hdrA) NO713_02685(hdrB1) NO713_02687(hdrC1)
OAC : Oscil6304_5894 Oscil6304_5896 Oscil6304_5898
NOP : Nos7524_5055 Nos7524_5056 Nos7524_5057
RSIN : B6N60_02610 B6N60_02611 B6N60_02612
DTB : BH720_005360 BH720_005365 BH720_005370
STO : STK_18700 STK_18710 STK_18730 STK_18740 STK_18750
SOH : D1869_10540 D1869_10545 D1869_10555 D1869_10560 D1869_10565
SJV : SJAV_03190 SJAV_03200 SJAV_03220 SJAV_03230 SJAV_03240
SSO : SSO1127(hdrC-1) SSO1129(hdrB-1) SSO1131(hdrA) SSO1134(hdrC-2) SSO1135(hdrB-2)
SOL : Ssol_2099 Ssol_2100 Ssol_2101 Ssol_2103 Ssol_2104
SSOA : SULA_2130 SULA_2131 SULA_2132 SULA_2134 SULA_2135
SSOL : SULB_2131 SULB_2132 SULB_2133 SULB_2135 SULB_2136
SSOF : SULC_2129 SULC_2130 SULC_2131 SULC_2133 SULC_2134
SSHI : J5U23_02350 J5U23_02351 J5U23_02353 J5U23_02354 J5U23_02355
SCAS : SACC_10170 SACC_10180 SACC_10190 SACC_10210 SACC_10220
SIS : LS215_1193 LS215_1194 LS215_1196 LS215_1197 LS215_1198
SIA : M1425_1096 M1425_1097 M1425_1099 M1425_1100 M1425_1101
SIM : M1627_1160 M1627_1161 M1627_1163 M1627_1164 M1627_1165
SID : M164_1086 M164_1087 M164_1089 M164_1090 M164_1091
SIY : YG5714_1092 YG5714_1093 YG5714_1095 YG5714_1096 YG5714_1097
SIN : YN1551_1761 YN1551_1762 YN1551_1763 YN1551_1765 YN1551_1766
SII : LD85_1214 LD85_1215 LD85_1217 LD85_1218 LD85_1219
SIH : SiH_1057 SiH_1058 SiH_1060 SiH_1061 SiH_1062
SIR : SiRe_0970 SiRe_0971 SiRe_0973 SiRe_0974 SiRe_0975
SIC : SiL_0976 SiL_0977 SiL_0979 SiL_0980 SiL_0981
SULA : BFU36_00895 BFU36_00900 BFU36_00910 BFU36_00915 BFU36_00920
SULE : GFS03_06300 GFS03_06305 GFS03_06315 GFS03_06320 GFS03_06325
SAI : Saci_0325(hdrB) Saci_0326 Saci_0328(hdrA) Saci_0329 Saci_0334(hdrC)
SACN : SacN8_01595 SacN8_01600 SacN8_01610 SacN8_01615 SacN8_01640
SACR : SacRon12I_01595 SacRon12I_01600 SacRon12I_01610 SacRon12I_01615 SacRon12I_01640
SACS : SUSAZ_01655 SUSAZ_01660 SUSAZ_01670 SUSAZ_01675 SUSAZ_01700
SULO : GFS33_11680 GFS33_11685 GFS33_11695 GFS33_11700 GFS33_11705
SULL : EWF20_12020 EWF20_12025 EWF20_12035 EWF20_12040 EWF20_12045
MSE : Msed_1542 Msed_1543 Msed_1545 Msed_1546 Msed_1547
MEMJ : MJ1HA_1759 MJ1HA_1760 MJ1HA_1762 MJ1HA_1763 MJ1HA_1764
MCN : Mcup_0684 Mcup_0685 Mcup_0686 Mcup_0688 Mcup_0689
MHK : DFR87_11005 DFR87_11010 DFR87_11015 DFR87_11025 DFR87_11030
MPRU : DFR88_10565 DFR88_10570 DFR88_10575 DFR88_10585 DFR88_10590
MTEN : GWK48_01305 GWK48_01310 GWK48_01320 GWK48_01325 GWK48_01330
MJN : MjAS7_2640 MjAS7_2641 MjAS7_2643 MjAS7_2644 MjAS7_2645
AHO : Ahos_1691 Ahos_1692 Ahos_1694 Ahos_1695 Ahos_1696
AMAN : B6F84_12580 B6F84_12585 B6F84_12590 B6F84_12600 B6F84_12605
ABRI : DFR85_11425 DFR85_11430 DFR85_11435 DFR85_11445 DFR85_11450
ASUL : DFR86_10760 DFR86_10765 DFR86_10770 DFR86_10780 DFR86_10785
AAMB : D1866_03535 D1866_03540 D1866_03550 D1866_03555 D1866_03560
ACIH : HS5_01350 HS5_01360 HS5_01370 HS5_01390 HS5_01400
SACD : HS1genome_0376 HS1genome_0377 HS1genome_0378 HS1genome_0380 HS1genome_0381
SAZO : D1868_10010 D1868_10015 D1868_10020 D1868_10030 D1868_10035
CSTY : KN1_04050 KN1_04060 KN1_04080 KN1_04090 KN1_04100
STEP : IC006_0774 IC006_0775 IC006_0777 IC006_0778 IC006_0779
SMET : RQ359_001049 RQ359_001050 RQ359_001051 RQ359_001053 RQ359_001054
SAHS : HS7_01150 HS7_01160 HS7_01170 HS7_01190 HS7_01200
ยป show all
Taxonomy
Reference
Authors
Boughanemi S, Lyonnet J, Infossi P, Bauzan M, Kosta A, Lignon S, Giudici-Orticoni MT, Guiral M.
Title
Microbial oxidative sulfur metabolism: biochemical evidence of the membrane-bound heterodisulfide reductase-like complex of the bacterium Aquifex aeolicus.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Koch T, Dahl C.
Title
A novel bacterial sulfur oxidation pathway provides a new link between the cycles of organic and inorganic sulfur compounds.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Cao X, Koch T, Steffens L, Finkensieper J, Zigann R, Cronan JE, Dahl C.
Title
Lipoate-binding proteins and specific lipoate-protein ligases in microbial sulfur oxidation reveal an atpyical role for an old cofactor.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ernst C, Kayastha K, Koch T, Venceslau SS, Pereira IAC, Demmer U, Ermler U, Dahl C.
Title
Structural and spectroscopic characterization of a HdrA-like subunit from Hyphomicrobium denitrificans.
Journal
Sequence
Reference
Authors
Appel L, Willistein M, Dahl C, Ermler U, Boll M.
Title
Functional diversity of prokaryotic HdrA(BC) modules: Role in flavin-based electron bifurcation processes and beyond.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tanabe TS, Bach E, D'Ermo G, Mohr MG, Hager N, Pfeiffer N, Guiral M, Dahl C.
Title
A cascade of sulfur transferases delivers sulfur to the sulfur-oxidizing heterodisulfide reductase-like complex.
Journal
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.8.4.17
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.8.4.17
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