Entry Name Autophagy - yeast
Description Autophagy is a non-selective and bulk intracellular degradation system of eukaryotic cells and is highly conserved from yeast to human. In this process, the double-membrane vesicle, known as autophagosome, is formed and sequesters organelles or portions of cytosol. The autophagosome is subsequently fused with the vacuole for breakdown by resident hydrolases, and the resulting metabolites are delivered for reuse. In yeast, nutrient withdrawal is the primary stimulus that induces autophagy. Autophagy plays a central role in normal development and cell homeostasis of yeast.
Class Cellular Processes; Transport and catabolismBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Orthology K03237 EIF2S1; translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1
K04382 PPP2C; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
K05754 ARPC5; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 5
K05755 ARPC4; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 4
K05756 ARPC3; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 3
K05757 ARPC1A_B; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 1A/1B
K05758 ARPC2; actin related protein 2/3 complex, subunit 2
K06902 UMF1; MFS transporter, UMF1 family
K07203 MTOR, FRAP, TOR; serine/threonine-protein kinase mTOR [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
K07204 RAPTOR; regulatory associated protein of mTOR
K07827 KRAS, KRAS2; GTPase KRas
K07897 RAB7A; Ras-related protein Rab-7A
K08266 MLST8, GBL; target of rapamycin complex subunit LST8
K08329 ATG17; autophagy-related protein 17
K08330 ATG11; autophagy-related protein 11
K08331 ATG13; autophagy-related protein 13
K08333 PIK3R4, VPS15; phosphoinositide-3-kinase, regulatory subunit 4 [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
K08334 BECN, VPS30, ATG6; beclin
K08335 ATG14; autophagy-related protein 14
K08336 ATG12; ubiquitin-like protein ATG12
K08337 ATG7; ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7
K08338 ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10
K08339 ATG5; autophagy-related protein 5
K08340 ATG16; autophagy-related protein 16
K08341 GABARAP, ATG8, LC3; GABA(A) receptor-associated protein
K08342 ATG4; cysteine protease ATG4 [EC:3.4.22.-]
K08343 ATG3; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG3
K08493 VTI1; vesicle transport through interaction with t-SNAREs 1
K08502 VAM7; regulator of vacuolar morphogenesis
K08516 YKT6; synaptobrevin homolog YKT6
K09243 UME6; transcriptional regulatory protein UME6
K09464 GCN4; general control protein GCN4
K09468 MSN2_4; zinc finger protein MSN2/4
K12479 VPS45; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 45
K12761 SNF1; carbon catabolite-derepressing protein kinase [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
K14209 SLC36A, PAT; solute carrier family 36 (proton-coupled amino acid transporter)
K15296 NAPA, SNAPA, SEC17; alpha-soluble NSF attachment protein
K16196 EIF2AK4; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 4 [EC:2.7.11.1 ]
K17260 ACTR2, ARP2; actin-related protein 2
K17606 IGBP1, TAP42; immunoglobulin-binding protein 1
K17607 TIPRL, TIP41; type 2A phosphatase activator TIP41
K17888 ATG10L, ATG10; ubiquitin-like-conjugating enzyme ATG10
K17890 ATG16L1; autophagy-related protein 16-1
K17906 ATG2; autophagy-related protein 2
K17907 ATG9; autophagy-related protein 9
K17908 WIPI1_2, ATG18; autophagy-related protein 18
K17909 ATG23; autophagy-related protein 23
K18584 ACTR3, ARP3; actin-related protein 3
K20177 VPS3, TGFBRAP1; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 3
K20178 VPS8; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 8
K20179 VPS11, PEP5; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 11
K20180 VPS16; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 16
K20181 VPS18, PEP3; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 18
K20182 VPS33A; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 33A
K20183 VPS39, VAM6; Vam6/Vps39-like protein vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 39
K20184 VPS41; vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41
K20195 MON1; vacuolar fusion protein MON1
K21141 ATG27; autophagy-related protein 27
K21143 ATG29; autophagy-related protein 29
K21144 ATG31; autophagy-related protein 31
K21145 ATG38; autophagy-related protein 38
K21156 CCZ1; vacuolar fusion protein CCZ1, fungi type
K21197 PCL5, pas1; PHO85 cyclin-5
Compound C00350 Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194 1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
C04549 1-Phosphatidyl-1D-myo-inositol 3-phosphate
Reference Authors Klionsky DJ, Emr SD.
Title Autophagy as a regulated pathway of cellular degradation.
Journal Reference Authors Thompson AR, Vierstra RD.
Title Autophagic recycling: lessons from yeast help define the process in plants.
Journal Reference Authors Lum JJ, DeBerardinis RJ, Thompson CB.
Title Autophagy in metazoans: cell survival in the land of plenty.
Journal Reference Authors Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ.
Title Autophagosomes: biogenesis from scratch?
Journal Reference Authors Levine B, Yuan J.
Title Autophagy in cell death: an innocent convict?
Journal Reference Authors Nakatogawa H, Suzuki K, Kamada Y, Ohsumi Y
Title Dynamics and diversity in autophagy mechanisms: lessons from yeast.
Journal Reference Authors He C, Klionsky DJ
Title Regulation mechanisms and signaling pathways of autophagy.
Journal Reference Authors Yang Z, Klionsky DJ
Title An overview of the molecular mechanism of autophagy.
Journal Reference Authors Chen Y, Klionsky DJ
Title The regulation of autophagy - unanswered questions.
Journal Reference Authors Mizushima N, Yoshimori T, Ohsumi Y
Title The role of Atg proteins in autophagosome formation.
Journal Reference Authors Reggiori F, Klionsky DJ
Title Autophagic processes in yeast: mechanism, machinery and regulation.
Journal Reference Authors Jin M, Klionsky DJ
Title Regulation of autophagy: modulation of the size and number of autophagosomes.
Journal Reference Authors Noda NN, Fujioka Y
Title Atg1 family kinases in autophagy initiation.
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