Entry Name Estrogen signaling pathway
Description Estrogens are steroid hormones that regulate a plethora of physiological processes in mammals, including reproduction, cardiovascular protection, bone integrity, cellular homeostasis, and behavior. Estrogen mediates its cellular actions through two signaling pathways classified as "nuclear-initiated steroid signaling" and "membrane-initiated steroid signaling". In the "nuclear" pathway, estrogen binds either ERalpha or ERbeta, which in turn translocates to the nucleus, binds DNA at ERE elements and activates the expression of ERE-dependent genes. In "membrane" pathway, Estrogen can exert its actions through a subpopulation of ER at the plasma membrane (mER) or novel G-protein coupled E2 receptors (GPER). Upon activation of these receptors various signaling pathways (i.e. Ca2+, cAMP, protein kinase cascades) are rapidly activated and ultimately influence downstream transcription factors.
Class Organismal Systems; Endocrine systemBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map Other DBs Reference Authors Zhang D, Trudeau VL
Title Integration of membrane and nuclear estrogen receptor signaling.
Journal Reference Authors Roepke TA, Qiu J, Bosch MA, Ronnekleiv OK, Kelly MJ
Title Cross-talk between membrane-initiated and nuclear-initiated oestrogen signalling in the hypothalamus.
Journal Reference Authors McCarthy MM
Title The two faces of estradiol: effects on the developing brain.
Journal Reference Authors Kelly MJ, Ronnekleiv OK
Title Membrane-initiated estrogen signaling in hypothalamic neurons.
Journal Reference Authors Kelly MJ, Qiu J, Ronnekleiv OK
Title Estrogen signaling in the hypothalamus.
Journal Reference Authors Raz L, Khan MM, Mahesh VB, Vadlamudi RK, Brann DW
Title Rapid estrogen signaling in the brain.
Journal Reference Authors Malyala A, Kelly MJ, Ronnekleiv OK
Title Estrogen modulation of hypothalamic neurons: activation of multiple signaling pathways and gene expression changes.
Journal Reference Authors Qiu J, Bosch MA, Tobias SC, Grandy DK, Scanlan TS, Ronnekleiv OK, Kelly MJ
Title Rapid signaling of estrogen in hypothalamic neurons involves a novel G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor that activates protein kinase C.
Journal Reference Authors Kelly MJ, Qiu J, Ronnekleiv OK
Title Estrogen modulation of G-protein-coupled receptor activation of potassium channels in the central nervous system.
Journal Reference Authors Meyer MR, Haas E, Prossnitz ER, Barton M
Title Non-genomic regulation of vascular cell function and growth by estrogen.
Journal Reference Authors do Nascimento GR, Barros YV, Wells AK, Khalil RA
Title Research into Specific Modulators of Vascular Sex Hormone Receptors in the Management of Postmenopausal Cardiovascular Disease.
Journal Reference Authors Bjornstrom L, Sjoberg M
Title Mechanisms of estrogen receptor signaling: convergence of genomic and nongenomic actions on target genes.
Journal Reference Authors Manavathi B, Kumar R
Title Steering estrogen signals from the plasma membrane to the nucleus: two sides of the coin.
Journal Reference Authors Prossnitz ER, Barton M
Title The G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPER in health and disease.
Journal Reference Authors Meyer MR, Prossnitz ER, Barton M
Title The G protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPER/GPR30 as a regulator of cardiovascular function.
Journal Reference Authors Maggiolini M, Picard D
Title The unfolding stories of GPR30, a new membrane-bound estrogen receptor.
Journal Reference Authors Prossnitz ER, Maggiolini M
Title Mechanisms of estrogen signaling and gene expression via GPR30.
Journal Reference Authors Kelly MJ, Qiu J, Wagner EJ, Ronnekleiv OK
Title Rapid effects of estrogen on G protein-coupled receptor activation of potassium channels in the central nervous system (CNS).
Journal Reference Authors Paech K, Webb P, Kuiper GG, Nilsson S, Gustafsson J, Kushner PJ, Scanlan TS
Title Differential ligand activation of estrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta at AP1 sites.
Journal Reference Authors Razandi M, Pedram A, Park ST, Levin ER
Title Proximal events in signaling by plasma membrane estrogen receptors.
Journal Reference Authors Roepke TA, Xue C, Bosch MA, Scanlan TS, Kelly MJ, Ronnekleiv OK
Title Genes associated with membrane-initiated signaling of estrogen and energy homeostasis.
Journal Reference Authors Thomas C, Gustafsson JA
Title The different roles of ER subtypes in cancer biology and therapy.
Journal Related map04270 Vascular smooth muscle contraction
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