KEGG   PATHWAY: bhm02024
Entry
bhm02024                    Pathway                                
Name
Quorum sensing - Bordetella holmesii 44057
Description
Quorum sensing (QS) is a regulatory system that allows bacteria to share information about cell density and adjust gene expression accordingly. All QS bacteria produce and release chemical signal molecules called autoinducers (AIs) that increase in concentration as a function of cell density. The most commonly studied AIs belong to one of the following three categories: acylated homoserine lactones, also referred to as AI-1, used by Gram-negative bacteria; peptide signals, used by Gram-positive bacteria; and AI-2, used by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. QS can be divided into at least 4 steps: production of AIs by the bacterial cell; release of AIs, either actively or passively, into the surrounding environment; recognition of AIs by specific receptors; and leading to changes in gene regulation once they exceed a threshold concentration. The processes controlled by QS include virulence, competence, conjugation, antibiotic production, motility, sporulation, and biofilm formation.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cellular community - prokaryotes
Pathway map
bhm02024  Quorum sensing
bhm02024

Other DBs
GO: 0009372
Organism
Bordetella holmesii 44057 [GN:bhm]
Gene
D558_0675  hfq; RNA chaperone Hfq [KO:K03666]
D558_1719  chorismate binding enzyme family protein [KO:K01657] [EC:4.1.3.27]
D558_1718  glutamine amidotransferase of anthranilate synthase/aminodeoxychorismate synthase family protein [KO:K01658] [EC:4.1.3.27]
D558_3759  3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase [KO:K01626] [EC:2.5.1.54]
D558_2599  3-deoxy-7-phosphoheptulonate synthase [KO:K01626] [EC:2.5.1.54]
D558_3515  flagellar transcriptional activator family protein [KO:K02403]
D558_3514  flhC; flagellar transcriptional regulator FlhC [KO:K02402]
D558_0212  kdpE; KDP operon transcriptional regulatory protein KdpE [KO:K07667]
D558_0601  palC; palC domain protein [KO:K02054]
D558_1924  periplasmic binding domain protein [KO:K01999]
D558_3596  leucine-, isoleucine-, valine-, threonine-, and alanine-binding protein [KO:K01999]
D558_1207  periplasmic binding family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_1196  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_3795  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_0942  periplasmic binding domain protein [KO:K01999]
D558_0961  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_2242  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_2252  branched-chain amino acid ABC transporter, periplasmic branched-chain amino acid-binding protein [KO:K01999]
D558_2716  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_0614  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_1998  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_1424  putative substrate binding protein of ABC transporter system [KO:K01999]
D558_2316  periplasmic binding domain protein [KO:K01999]
D558_3329  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_3541  periplasmic binding domain protein [KO:K01999]
D558_3587  leucine-, isoleucine-, valine-, threonine-, and alanine-binding protein [KO:K01999]
D558_3223  receptor ligand binding region family protein [KO:K01999]
D558_0885  periplasmic binding domain protein [KO:K01999]
D558_1925  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_1204  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_1197  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_0963  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_2243  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_2250  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_2718  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_0613  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_1997  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_1421  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_3336  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_3540  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997 K01998]
D558_3586  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01997]
D558_1198  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01995 K01998]
D558_3791  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01995 K01998]
D558_2244  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01995 K01998]
D558_1205  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_1926  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_0940  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_0964  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_2248  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_2719  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_1995  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_1420  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_3335  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_3585  branched-chain amino acid transport system / permease component family protein [KO:K01998]
D558_1928  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_1203  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_0610  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_0965  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_2720  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_1994  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_1423  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_3332  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_3539  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_3584  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01995]
D558_3790  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_1199  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_1208  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_1929  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_0609  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_0937  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_0966  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_2245  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_2721  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_1993  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_3330  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_3583  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_3538  ABC transporter family protein [KO:K01996]
D558_1202  AMP-binding enzyme family protein [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
D558_0655  AMP-binding enzyme family protein [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
D558_2784  fadD; long-chain-fatty-acid--CoA ligase [KO:K01897] [EC:6.2.1.3]
D558_1200  cyclic nucleotide-binding domain protein [KO:K10914]
D558_1591  cyclic nucleotide-binding domain protein [KO:K10914]
D558_1264  ferric uptake regulator family protein [KO:K09823]
D558_2027  ribD; riboflavin biosynthesis protein RibD [KO:K11752] [EC:3.5.4.26 1.1.1.193]
D558_3319  outer membrane protein oprM [KO:K18139]
D558_2942  outer membrane protein oprM [KO:K18139]
D558_0331  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_0489  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_0830  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_3834  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_1364  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_1761  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_0898  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_2809  bacterial extracellular solute-binding s, 5 Middle family protein [KO:K02035]
D558_0330  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02033]
D558_0490  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02033]
D558_3826  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02033]
D558_1363  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02033]
D558_1758  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02033]
D558_2810  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02033]
D558_0890  glutathione transport system permease protein gsiC [KO:K02033]
D558_0329  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02034]
D558_0492  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02034]
D558_3830  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02034]
D558_1362  N-terminal TM domain of oligopeptide transport permease C family protein [KO:K02034]
D558_1756  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02034]
D558_2811  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02034]
D558_0889  binding--dependent transport system inner membrane component family protein [KO:K02034]
D558_0493  nickel import ATP-binding protein NikE [KO:K02031 K02032]
D558_3832  oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter, ATP-binding , C-terminal domain protein [KO:K02031]
D558_1361  oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter, ATP-binding , C-terminal domain protein [KO:K02031]
D558_2812  nickel import ATP-binding protein NikE [KO:K02031 K02032]
D558_0888  oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter, ATP-binding , C-terminal domain protein [KO:K02031]
D558_1755  oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter, ATP-binding , C-terminal domain protein [KO:K02031]
D558_0328  oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter, ATP-binding , C-terminal domain protein [KO:K02031]
D558_0327  oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter, ATP-binding , C-terminal domain protein [KO:K02032]
D558_3833  oligopeptide/dipeptide ABC transporter, ATP-binding , C-terminal domain protein [KO:K02032]
D558_1355  yidC; membrane protein insertase, YidC/Oxa1 [KO:K03217]
D558_1386  secE; preprotein translocase, SecE subunit [KO:K03073]
D558_0158  secG; preprotein translocase, SecG subunit [KO:K03075]
D558_1439  secY; preprotein translocase, SecY subunit [KO:K03076]
D558_2992  yajC; preprotein translocase, YajC subunit [KO:K03210]
D558_2161  secA; preprotein translocase, SecA subunit [KO:K03070] [EC:7.4.2.8]
D558_0393  ftsY; signal recognition particle-docking protein FtsY [KO:K03110]
D558_1138  secB; protein-export chaperone SecB [KO:K03071]
D558_0604  ffh; signal recognition particle protein [KO:K03106] [EC:3.6.5.4]
D558_2246  phospholipase C, phosphocholine-specific [KO:K01114] [EC:3.1.4.3]
D558_3275  phospholipase C, phosphocholine-specific [KO:K01114] [EC:3.1.4.3]
Compound
C00007  Oxygen
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00059  Sulfate
C00232  Succinate semialdehyde
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00547  L-Noradrenaline
C00788  L-Adrenaline
C01019  L-Fucose
C11837  N-Butyryl-L-homoserine lactone
C11841  N-(3-Oxooctanoyl)homoserine lactone
C11844  N-Heptanoylhomoserine lactone
C11845  N-(3-Hydroxy-7-cis-tetradecenoyl)homoserine lactone
C11848  2-Heptyl-3-hydroxy-quinolone
C16421  AI-2
C16463  3',5'-Cyclic diGMP
C16640  CAI-1
C18049  N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactone
C18206  cis-11-Methyl-2-dodecenoic acid
C20643  2-Heptyl-4(1H)-quinolone
C20677  N-(4-Coumaroyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C20959  (4S)-4-Hydroxy-5-phosphooxypentane-2,3-dione
C21195  N-(3-Hydroxybutanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C21197  N-Hexanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21198  N-(3-Oxohexanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone
C21199  N-Octanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21200  N-3-Hydroxyoctanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21201  N-3-Oxo-dodecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone
C21202  cis-2-Dodecenoic acid
C21220  AIP-1
C21221  CSP
C21222  CSP
C21223  Blp
C21224  SHP2
C21225  SHP3
C21226  cCF10
C21227  iCF10
C21228  cAD1
C21229  iAD1
C21230  ComX pheromone
C21231  PhrA pentapeptide
C21232  PhrC pentapeptide
C21233  PhrE pentapeptide
C21234  PhrF pentapeptide
C21235  PhrG pentapeptide
C21236  PhrH pentapeptide
C21237  PhrK pentapeptide
C21238  NprX peptide
C21239  PapR peptide
C21241  AIP-2
C21242  AIP-3
C21243  AIP-4
C21244  AgrD peptide
C21245  AgrD1 peptide
C21246  GBAP
C21382  R-THMF
Reference
  Authors
Pereira CS, Thompson JA, Xavier KB
  Title
AI-2-mediated signalling in bacteria.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Rev 37:156-81 (2013)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2012.00345.x
Reference
  Authors
Verma SC, Miyashiro T
  Title
Quorum sensing in the squid-Vibrio symbiosis.
  Journal
Int J Mol Sci 14:16386-401 (2013)
DOI:10.3390/ijms140816386
Reference
  Authors
Norsworthy AN, Visick KL
  Title
Gimme shelter: how Vibrio fischeri successfully navigates an animal's multiple environments.
  Journal
Front Microbiol 4:356 (2013)
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2013.00356
Reference
  Authors
Papaioannou E, Utari PD, Quax WJ
  Title
Choosing an appropriate infection model to study quorum sensing inhibition in Pseudomonas infections.
  Journal
Int J Mol Sci 14:19309-40 (2013)
DOI:10.3390/ijms140919309
Reference
  Authors
Heeb S, Fletcher MP, Chhabra SR, Diggle SP, Williams P, Camara M
  Title
Quinolones: from antibiotics to autoinducers.
  Journal
FEMS Microbiol Rev 35:247-74 (2011)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2010.00247.x
Reference
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Rasamiravaka T, Labtani Q, Duez P, El Jaziri M
  Title
The formation of biofilms by Pseudomonas aeruginosa: a review of the natural and synthetic compounds interfering with control mechanisms.
  Journal
Biomed Res Int 2015:759348 (2015)
DOI:10.1155/2015/759348
Reference
  Authors
Whiteley M, Greenberg EP
  Title
Promoter specificity elements in Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum-sensing-controlled genes.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 183:5529-34 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/JB.183.19.5529-5534.2001
Reference
  Authors
Chin-A-Woeng TF, van den Broek D, de Voer G, van der Drift KM, Tuinman S, Thomas-Oates JE, Lugtenberg BJ, Bloemberg GV
  Title
Phenazine-1-carboxamide production in the biocontrol strain Pseudomonas chlororaphis PCL1391 is regulated by multiple factors secreted into the growth medium.
  Journal
Mol Plant Microbe Interact 14:969-79 (2001)
DOI:10.1094/MPMI.2001.14.8.969
Reference
  Authors
Hughes DT, Clarke MB, Yamamoto K, Rasko DA, Sperandio V
  Title
The QseC adrenergic signaling cascade in Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC).
  Journal
PLoS Pathog 5:e1000553 (2009)
DOI:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000553
Reference
  Authors
Njoroge J, Sperandio V
  Title
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli virulence regulation by two bacterial adrenergic kinases, QseC and QseE.
  Journal
Infect Immun 80:688-703 (2012)
DOI:10.1128/IAI.05921-11
Reference
  Authors
Pacheco AR, Curtis MM, Ritchie JM, Munera D, Waldor MK, Moreira CG, Sperandio V
  Title
Fucose sensing regulates bacterial intestinal colonization.
  Journal
Nature 492:113-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/nature11623
Reference
  Authors
Hirakawa H, Harwood CS, Pechter KB, Schaefer AL, Greenberg EP
  Title
Antisense RNA that affects Rhodopseudomonas palustris quorum-sensing signal receptor expression.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:12141-6 (2012)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1200243109
Reference
  Authors
Danino VE, Wilkinson A, Edwards A, Downie JA
  Title
Recipient-induced transfer of the symbiotic plasmid pRL1JI in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae is regulated by a quorum-sensing relay.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 50:511-25 (2003)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03699.x
Reference
  Authors
Wisniewski-Dye F, Downie JA
  Title
Quorum-sensing in Rhizobium.
  Journal
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 81:397-407 (2002)
DOI:10.1023/A:1020501104051
Reference
  Authors
Rodelas B, Lithgow JK, Wisniewski-Dye F, Hardman A, Wilkinson A, Economou A, Williams P, Downie JA
  Title
Analysis of quorum-sensing-dependent control of rhizosphere-expressed (rhi) genes in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 181:3816-23 (1999)
DOI:10.1128/JB.181.12.3816-3823.1999
Reference
  Authors
Lang J, Faure D
  Title
Functions and regulation of quorum-sensing in Agrobacterium tumefaciens.
  Journal
Front Plant Sci 5:14 (2014)
DOI:10.3389/fpls.2014.00014
Reference
  Authors
Planamente S, Morera S, Faure D
  Title
In planta fitness-cost of the Atu4232-regulon encoding for a selective GABA-binding sensor in Agrobacterium.
  Journal
Commun Integr Biol 6:e23692 (2013)
DOI:10.4161/cib.23692
Reference
  Authors
Barnard AM, Salmond GP
  Title
Quorum sensing in Erwinia species.
  Journal
Anal Bioanal Chem 387:415-23 (2007)
DOI:10.1007/s00216-006-0701-1
Reference
  Authors
Barnard AM, Bowden SD, Burr T, Coulthurst SJ, Monson RE, Salmond GP
  Title
Quorum sensing, virulence and secondary metabolite production in plant soft-rotting bacteria.
  Journal
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 362:1165-83 (2007)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.2007.2042
Reference
  Authors
Carlier A, Burbank L, von Bodman SB
  Title
Identification and characterization of three novel EsaI/EsaR quorum-sensing controlled stewartan exopolysaccharide biosynthetic genes in Pantoea stewartii ssp. stewartii.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 74:903-13 (2009)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2009.06906.x
Reference
PMID:7665477
  Authors
Beck von Bodman S, Farrand SK
  Title
Capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis and pathogenicity in Erwinia stewartii require induction by an N-acylhomoserine lactone autoinducer.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 177:5000-8 (1995)
DOI:10.1128/JB.177.17.5000-5008.1995
Reference
  Authors
O'Grady EP, Viteri DF, Malott RJ, Sokol PA
  Title
Reciprocal regulation by the CepIR and CciIR quorum sensing systems in Burkholderia cenocepacia.
  Journal
BMC Genomics 10:441 (2009)
DOI:10.1186/1471-2164-10-441
Reference
  Authors
Malott RJ, Baldwin A, Mahenthiralingam E, Sokol PA
  Title
Characterization of the cciIR quorum-sensing system in Burkholderia cenocepacia.
  Journal
Infect Immun 73:4982-92 (2005)
DOI:10.1128/IAI.73.8.4982-4992.2005
Reference
  Authors
Deng Y, Schmid N, Wang C, Wang J, Pessi G, Wu D, Lee J, Aguilar C, Ahrens CH, Chang C, Song H, Eberl L, Zhang LH
  Title
Cis-2-dodecenoic acid receptor RpfR links quorum-sensing signal perception with regulation of virulence through cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate turnover.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 109:15479-84 (2012)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.1205037109
Reference
  Authors
Suppiger A, Schmid N, Aguilar C, Pessi G, Eberl L
  Title
Two quorum sensing systems control biofilm formation and virulence in members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex.
  Journal
Virulence 4:400-9 (2013)
DOI:10.4161/viru.25338
Reference
  Authors
Deng Y, Wu J, Tao F, Zhang LH
  Title
Listening to a new language: DSF-based quorum sensing in Gram-negative bacteria.
  Journal
Chem Rev 111:160-73 (2011)
DOI:10.1021/cr100354f
Reference
  Authors
Ryan RP, Dow JM
  Title
Communication with a growing family: diffusible signal factor (DSF) signaling in bacteria.
  Journal
Trends Microbiol 19:145-52 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2010.12.003
Reference
  Authors
Kim J, Kim JG, Kang Y, Jang JY, Jog GJ, Lim JY, Kim S, Suga H, Nagamatsu T, Hwang I
  Title
Quorum sensing and the LysR-type transcriptional activator ToxR regulate toxoflavin biosynthesis and transport in Burkholderia glumae.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 54:921-34 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04338.x
Reference
  Authors
Kim J, Kang Y, Choi O, Jeong Y, Jeong JE, Lim JY, Kim M, Moon JS, Suga H, Hwang I
  Title
Regulation of polar flagellum genes is mediated by quorum sensing and FlhDC in Burkholderia glumae.
  Journal
Mol Microbiol 64:165-79 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05646.x
Reference
  Authors
Stauff DL, Bassler BL
  Title
Quorum sensing in Chromobacterium violaceum: DNA recognition and gene regulation by the CviR receptor.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 193:3871-8 (2011)
DOI:10.1128/JB.05125-11
Reference
  Authors
Chen G, Swem LR, Swem DL, Stauff DL, O'Loughlin CT, Jeffrey PD, Bassler BL, Hughson FM
  Title
A strategy for antagonizing quorum sensing.
  Journal
Mol Cell 42:199-209 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.04.003
Reference
  Authors
Hao G, Burr TJ
  Title
Regulation of long-chain N-acyl-homoserine lactones in Agrobacterium vitis.
  Journal
J Bacteriol 188:2173-83 (2006)
DOI:10.1128/JB.188.6.2173-2183.2006
Reference
  Authors
Savka MA, Le PT, Burr TJ
  Title
LasR receptor for detection of long-chain quorum-sensing signals: identification of N-acyl-homoserine lactones encoded by the avsI locus of Agrobacterium vitis.
  Journal
Curr Microbiol 62:101-10 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s00284-010-9679-1
Reference
  Authors
Le KY, Otto M
  Title
Quorum-sensing regulation in staphylococci-an overview.
  Journal
Front Microbiol 6:1174 (2015)
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01174
Reference
  Authors
Queck SY, Jameson-Lee M, Villaruz AE, Bach TH, Khan BA, Sturdevant DE, Ricklefs SM, Li M, Otto M
  Title
RNAIII-independent target gene control by the agr quorum-sensing system: insight into the evolution of virulence regulation in Staphylococcus aureus.
  Journal
Mol Cell 32:150-8 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.molcel.2008.08.005
Reference
  Authors
Darkoh C, DuPont HL, Norris SJ, Kaplan HB
  Title
Toxin synthesis by Clostridium difficile is regulated through quorum signaling.
  Journal
MBio 6:e02569 (2015)
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Related
pathway
bhm02040  Flagellar assembly
KO pathway
ko02024   
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