KEGG   PATHWAY: caty04730
Entry
caty04730                   Pathway                                
Name
Long-term depression - Cercocebus atys (sooty mangabey)
Description
Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD), thought to be a molecular and cellular basis for cerebellar learning, is a process involving a decrease in the synaptic strength between parallel fiber (PF) and Purkinje cells (PCs) induced by the conjunctive activation of PFs and climbing fiber (CF). Multiple signal transduction pathways have been shown to be involved in this process. Activation of PFs terminating on spines in dendritic branchlets leads to glutamate release and activation of both AMPA and mGluRs. Activation of CFs, which make multiple synaptic contacts on proximal dendrites, also via AMPA receptors, opens voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) and causes a generalized influx of calcium. These cellular signals, generated from two different synaptic origins, trigger a cascade of events culminating in a phosphorylation-dependent, long-term reduction in AMPA receptor sensitivity at the PF-PC synapse. This may take place either through receptor internalization and/or through receptor desensitization.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
caty04730  Long-term depression
caty04730

Other DBs
GO: 0048169
Organism
Cercocebus atys (sooty mangabey) [GN:caty]
Gene
105592744  NOS1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: nitric oxide synthase, brain [KO:K13240] [EC:1.14.13.39]
105588741  GUCY1A2; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105597896  GUCY1A3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K12318] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105587737  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-2-like [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105597895  GUCY1B3; guanylate cyclase soluble subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K12319] [EC:4.6.1.2]
105587190  PRKG1; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K07376] [EC:2.7.11.12]
105576820  PRKG2; cGMP-dependent protein kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K19477] [EC:2.7.11.12]
105596372  PPP1R17; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 17 isoform X1 [KO:K08067]
105595396  PPP2R1A; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A alpha isoform [KO:K03456]
105588701  PPP2R1B; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 65 kDa regulatory subunit A beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K03456]
105579128  PPP2CB; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
105599769  PPP2CA; serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04382] [EC:3.1.3.16]
105577198  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
105585038  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
105596344  NRAS; GTPase NRas isoform X1 [KO:K07828]
105590503  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105589671  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105585803  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
105601165  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105591800  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
105598233  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105598850  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
105572348  glutamate receptor ionotropic, delta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05207]
105588798  GRM1; metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04603]
105594342  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
105573715  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
105583233  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
105588486  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
105599362  GNAZ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(z) subunit alpha [KO:K04535]
105585318  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55 [KO:K04632]
105585319  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
105571739  GNA12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-12 isoform X1 [KO:K04346]
105573047  GNA13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-13 isoform X1 [KO:K04639]
105579889  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105595443  PLA2G4C; cytosolic phospholipase A2 gamma [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105574211  PLA2G4B; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105574213  PLA2G4E; cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105574214  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta isoform X1 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105574265  PLA2G4D; cytosolic phospholipase A2 delta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
105599331  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105586076  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105595654  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
105584209  GNAQ; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
105591769  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 [KO:K04635]
105577494  PLCB3; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105574260  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105582089  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105582092  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
105589917  GRIA1; glutamate receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05197]
105597886  GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05198]
105586308  GRIA3; glutamate receptor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05199]
105592167  LYN; tyrosine-protein kinase Lyn [KO:K05854] [EC:2.7.10.2]
105601562  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
105585726  ITPR1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
105601409  ITPR2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04959]
105593244  ITPR3; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3 [KO:K04960]
105594519  RYR1; ryanodine receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04961]
105585217  CRH; corticoliberin [KO:K05256]
105585760  CRHR1; corticotropin-releasing factor receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04578]
105573305  IGF1; insulin-like growth factor I isoform X1 [KO:K05459]
105594004  IGF1R; insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor isoform X1 [KO:K05087] [EC:2.7.10.1]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00641  1,2-Diacyl-sn-glycerol
C00942  3',5'-Cyclic GMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:12415297
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
The molecular organization of cerebellar long-term depression.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 3:896-902 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrn962
Reference
PMID:11427694
  Authors
Ito M.
  Title
Cerebellar long-term depression: characterization, signal transduction, and functional roles.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 81:1143-95 (2001)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2001.81.3.1143
Reference
  Authors
Purves D, Augustine GJ (ed).
  Title
Neuroscience
  Journal
Sunderland, Mass.:Sinauer Associates (2004)
Reference
PMID:9735948
  Authors
Daniel H, Levenes C, Crepel F.
  Title
Cellular mechanisms of cerebellar LTD.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 21:401-7 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(98)01304-6
Reference
PMID:9602501
  Authors
Levenes C, Daniel H, Crepel F.
  Title
Long-term depression of synaptic transmission in the cerebellum: cellular and molecular mechanisms revisited.
  Journal
Prog Neurobiol 55:79-91 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0301-0082(97)00096-8
Reference
PMID:14509570
  Authors
Metzger F, Kapfhammer JP.
  Title
Protein kinase C: its role in activity-dependent Purkinje cell dendritic development and plasticity.
  Journal
Cerebellum 2:206-14 (2003)
DOI:10.1080/14734220310016150
Related
pathway
caty04020  Calcium signaling pathway
caty04724  Glutamatergic synapse
KO pathway
ko04730   
LinkDB

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