KEGG PATHWAY: ecb05330

KEGG

PATHWAY: ecb05330

Entry

ecb05330                    Pathway

Name

Allograft rejection - Equus caballus (horse)

Description

Allograft rejection is the consequence of the recipient's alloimmune response to nonself antigens expressed by donor tissues. After transplantation of organ allografts, there are two pathways of antigen presentation. In the direct pathway, recipient T cells react to intact allogeneic MHC molecules expressed on the surface of donor cells. This pathway would activate host CD4 or CD8 T cells. In contrast, donor MHC molecules (and all other proteins) shed from the graft can be taken up by host APCs and presented to recipient T cells in the context of self-MHC molecules - the indirect pathway. Such presentation activates predominantly CD4 T cells. A direct cytotoxic T-cell attack on graft cells can be made only by T cells that recognize the graft MHC molecules directly. Nontheless, T cells with indirect allospecificity can contribute to graft rejection by activating macrophages, which cause tissue injury and fibrosis, and are also likely to be important in the development of an alloantibody response to graft.

Class

Human Diseases; Immune disease

Pathway map

Allograft rejection

Organism

Equus caballus (horse) [GN:ecb]

Gene

MHCB3; MHC class I heavy chain precursor [KO:K06751]

MHC class I antigen 9.2 precursor [KO:K06751]

EQMHCB2; MHC class I heavy chain precursor [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G isoform X1 [KO:K06751]

7-51 putative nonclassical MHC class I antigen precursor [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, Cw-12 alpha chain isoform X2 [KO:K06751]

EQMCE1; MHC class I antigen 3.7 precursor [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-40 alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06751]

MHCX1; MHC class I antigen 3.5 precursor [KO:K06751]

EQMHCC1; MHC class I heavy chain precursor [KO:K06751]

class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-OKO alpha chain isoform X12 [KO:K06751]

class I histocompatibility antigen, Gogo-B*0103 alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06751]

saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-46 alpha chain isoform X2 [KO:K06751]

saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G isoform X3 [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-15 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain G isoform X1 [KO:K06751]

saoe class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]

HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B-15 alpha chain isoform X1 [KO:K06751]

H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q9 alpha chain-like [KO:K06751]

uncharacterized protein LOC111772100 [KO:K10784]

uncharacterized protein LOC106783094 [KO:K10785]

CD80; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD80 [KO:K05412]

CD86; T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 isoform X5 [KO:K05413]

CD28; T-cell-specific surface glycoprotein CD28 [KO:K06470]

IL12A; interleukin-12 subunit alpha [KO:K05406]

IL12B; interleukin-12 subunit beta precursor [KO:K05425]

FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]

FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04390]

PRF1; perforin-1 [KO:K07818]

GZMB; granzyme B precursor [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme H isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B(G,H)-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B(G,H)-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B(G,H)-like isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme H-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B isoform X1 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme B-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

granzyme-like protein 2 [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM alpha chain-like precursor [KO:K06752]

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]

DQA; MHC class II DQ-alpha precursor [KO:K06752]

DRB; MHC class II DR-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]

DRB; MHC class II DR-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]

DRA; MHC class II DR alpha chain precursor [KO:K06752]

DQB; MHC class II DQ-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DO alpha chain [KO:K06752]

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DM beta chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]

DRB; MHC class II DR-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]

DQA; MHC class II DQ-alpha chain precursor [KO:K06752]

HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 2 chain isoform X1 [KO:K06752]

DQA; MHC class II DQ-alpha chain [KO:K06752]

DQB; MHC class II DQ-beta chain precursor [KO:K06752]

DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]

DLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR-1 beta chain-like [KO:K06752]

IL2; interleukin-2 precursor [KO:K05429]

CD40LG; CD40 ligand isoform X1 [KO:K03161]

CD40; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 5 precursor [KO:K03160]

IFNG; interferon gamma precursor [KO:K04687]

TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]

IL4; interleukin-4 precursor [KO:K05430]

IL5; interleukin-5 precursor [KO:K05428]

IL10; interleukin-10 precursor [KO:K05443]

immunoglobulin epsilon heavy chain [KO:K06856]

Compound

Nitric oxide

Reference

Authors

Arakelov A, Lakkis FG.

Title

The alloimmune response and effector mechanisms of allograft rejection.

Journal

Semin Nephrol 20:95-102 (2000)

Reference

Authors

Le Moine A, Goldman M, Abramowicz D.

Title

Multiple pathways to allograft rejection.

Journal

Transplantation 73:1373-81 (2002)
DOI:10.1097/00007890-200205150-00001

Reference

Authors

Trivedi HL.

Title

Immunobiology of rejection and adaptation.

Journal

Transplant Proc 39:647-52 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.transproceed.2007.01.047

Reference

Authors

Pietra BA.

Title

Transplantation immunology 2003: simplified approach.

Journal

Pediatr Clin North Am 50:1233-59 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0031-3955(03)00119-6

Reference

Authors

Oka T, Yoshimura N.

Title

Immunosuppression in organ transplantation.

Journal

Jpn J Pharmacol 71:89-100 (1996)
DOI:10.1254/jjp.71.89

Reference

Authors

Sayegh MH.

Title

Why do we reject a graft? Role of indirect allorecognition in graft rejection.

Journal

Kidney Int 56:1967-79 (1999)
DOI:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1999.00751.x

Reference

Authors

Benichou G.

Title

Direct and indirect antigen recognition: the pathways to allograft immune rejection.

Journal

Front Biosci 4:D476-80 (1999)
DOI:10.2741/benichou

Reference

Authors

Turvey SE, Wood KJ.

Title

Immunobiology of solid organ transplantation.

Journal

Int Surg 84:279-90 (1999)

Reference

Authors

Janeway CA, Travers P, Walport M, Shlomchik MJ.

Title

Immunobiology 6th edition

Journal

Garland Science Publishing (2005)

Reference

Authors

Game DS, Lechler RI.

Title

Pathways of allorecognition: implications for transplantation tolerance.

Journal

Transpl Immunol 10:101-8 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0966-3274(02)00055-2

Reference

Authors

Lechler RI, Garden OA, Turka LA.

Title

The complementary roles of deletion and regulation in transplantation tolerance.

Journal

Nat Rev Immunol 3:147-58 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1002

Related
pathway

Apoptosis

Cell adhesion molecules

Complement and coagulation cascades

Antigen processing and presentation

T cell receptor signaling pathway

B cell receptor signaling pathway

KO pathway

LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system