KEGG   PATHWAY: lav03450
Entry
lav03450                    Pathway                                
Name
Non-homologous end-joining - Loxodonta africana (African savanna elephant)
Description
Nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) eliminates DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by direct ligation. NHEJ involves binding of the KU heterodimer to double-stranded DNA ends, recruitment of DNA-PKcs (MRX complex in yeast), processing of ends, and recruitment of the DNA ligase IV (LIG4)-XRCC4 complex, which brings about ligation. A recent study shows that bacteria accomplish NHEJ using just two proteins (Ku and DNA ligase), whereas eukaryotes require many factors. NHEJ repairs DSBs at all stages of the cell cycle, bringing about the ligation of two DNA DSBs without the need for sequence homology, and so is error-prone.
Class
Genetic Information Processing; Replication and repair
Pathway map
lav03450  Non-homologous end-joining
lav03450

Other DBs
GO: 0006303
Organism
Loxodonta africana (African savanna elephant) [GN:lav]
Gene
100656056  XRCC6; X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 6 isoform X1 [KO:K10884]
100655044  XRCC5; X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 5 [KO:K10885]
100676507  DCLRE1C; protein artemis isoform X2 [KO:K10887] [EC:3.1.-.-]
100667300  PRKDC; DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit isoform X1 [KO:K06642] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100661337  POLL; DNA polymerase lambda isoform X2 [KO:K03512] [EC:2.7.7.7 4.2.99.-]
100657386  POLM; DNA-directed DNA/RNA polymerase mu isoform X1 [KO:K03513] [EC:2.7.7.7]
100673573  DNTT; DNA nucleotidylexotransferase [KO:K00977] [EC:2.7.7.31]
100676340  LIG4; DNA ligase 4 [KO:K10777] [EC:6.5.1.1]
100668435  XRCC4; DNA repair protein XRCC4 isoform X2 [KO:K10886]
100661974  NHEJ1; non-homologous end-joining factor 1 [KO:K10980]
100663283  RAD50; DNA repair protein RAD50 [KO:K10866] [EC:3.6.-.-]
100673017  MRE11; double-strand break repair protein MRE11 isoform X1 [KO:K10865]
100677776  FEN1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: flap endonuclease 1 [KO:K04799] [EC:3.1.-.-]
Reference
PMID:16971555
  Authors
Gennery AR.
  Title
Primary immunodeficiency syndromes associated with defective DNA double-strand break repair.
  Journal
Br Med Bull 77-78:71-85 (2006)
DOI:10.1093/bmb/ldl006
Reference
PMID:17589524
  Authors
Zhang Y, Hefferin ML, Chen L, Shim EY, Tseng HM, Kwon Y, Sung P, Lee SE, Tomkinson AE.
  Title
Role of Dnl4-Lif1 in nonhomologous end-joining repair complex assembly and suppression of homologous recombination.
  Journal
Nat Struct Mol Biol 14:639-46 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/nsmb1261
Reference
PMID:16895466
  Authors
Wyman C, Kanaar R.
  Title
DNA double-strand break repair: all's well that ends well.
  Journal
Annu Rev Genet 40:363-83 (2006)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.genet.40.110405.090451
Reference
PMID:15578053
  Authors
Weller GR, Brandt VL, Roth DB.
  Title
Doing more with less in bacterial DNA repair.
  Journal
Nat Struct Mol Biol 11:1158-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nsmb1204-1158
Reference
PMID:12215643
  Authors
Weller GR, Kysela B, Roy R, Tonkin LM, Scanlan E, Della M, Devine SK, Day JP, Wilkinson A, d'Adda di Fagagna F, Devine KM, Bowater RP, Jeggo PA, Jackson SP, Doherty AJ.
  Title
Identification of a DNA nonhomologous end-joining complex in bacteria.
  Journal
Science 297:1686-9 (2002)
DOI:10.1126/science.1074584
Reference
PMID:17506672
  Authors
Pitcher RS, Brissett NC, Doherty AJ.
  Title
Nonhomologous end-joining in bacteria: a microbial perspective.
  Journal
Annu Rev Microbiol 61:259-82 (2007)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.micro.61.080706.093354
KO pathway
ko03450   
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