KEGG   PATHWAY: plet04912
Entry
plet04912                   Pathway                                
Name
GnRH signaling pathway - Phaethon lepturus (White-tailed tropicbird)
Description
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion from the hypothalamus acts upon its receptor in the anterior pituitary to regulate the production and release of the gonadotropins, LH and FSH. The GnRHR is coupled to Gq/11 proteins to activate phospholipase C which transmits its signal to diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3). DAG activates the intracellular protein kinase C (PKC) pathway and IP3 stimulates release of intracellular calcium. In addition to the classical Gq/11, coupling of Gs is occasionally observed in a cell-specific fashion. Signaling downstream of protein kinase C (PKC) leads to transactivation of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor and activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 MAPK. Active MAPKs translocate to the nucleus, resulting in activation of transcription factors and rapid induction of early genes.
Class
Organismal Systems; Endocrine system
Pathway map
plet04912  GnRH signaling pathway
plet04912

Organism
Phaethon lepturus (White-tailed tropicbird) [GN:plet]
Gene
104617776  GNRH1; progonadoliberin-1 [KO:K05252]
104624536  gonadotropin-releasing hormone II receptor-like [KO:K04280]
104617889  adenylate cyclase type 2-like [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104625212  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104617349  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104619139  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104620463  ADCY9; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: adenylate cyclase type 9 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104618045  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
104619915  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
104625284  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha-like [KO:K04634]
104621898  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634]
104615213  GNA11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit alpha-11 isoform X1 [KO:K04635]
104617236  PLCB4; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
104622838  PLCB1; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-1 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
104628734  PLCB2; 1-phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase beta-2 [KO:K05858] [EC:3.1.4.11]
104619233  ITPR1; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
104628694  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3-like [KO:K04960]
104613993  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 [KO:K02183]
104626389  CALM2; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
104615665  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-A-like [KO:K02183]
104622393  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin, striated muscle-like [KO:K02183]
104624036  CAMK2D; calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit delta [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104622703  calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit alpha [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104628598  calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma [KO:K04515] [EC:2.7.11.17]
104621330  protein kinase C alpha type [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104626476  PRKCD; protein kinase C delta type [KO:K06068] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104620166  voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C [KO:K04850]
104621806  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D [KO:K04851]
104621942  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857]
104624748  MAP3K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04416] [EC:2.7.11.25]
104613902  MAP3K2; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04420] [EC:2.7.11.25]
104624166  MAP3K3; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04421] [EC:2.7.11.25]
104621404  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 3-like [KO:K04421] [EC:2.7.11.25]
104614048  MAP3K4; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 4 [KO:K04428] [EC:2.7.11.25]
104626208  MAP2K3; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104623176  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6-like [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104618194  mitogen-activated protein kinase 12-like [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104618865  mitogen-activated protein kinase 13-like [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104618866  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104628347  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104623771  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104623772  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104625099  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104625100  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104617436  PLA2G4A; cytosolic phospholipase A2 [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104620980  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104620981  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104620982  cytosolic phospholipase A2 epsilon-like [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104620983  PLA2G4F; cytosolic phospholipase A2 zeta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104621275  PLA2G4B; cytosolic phospholipase A2 beta [KO:K16342] [EC:3.1.1.4]
104620994  PLD1; phospholipase D1 [KO:K01115] [EC:3.1.4.4]
104622411  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
104618010  CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393]
104624711  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4-like [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104620209  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104624070  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104622174  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104622363  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
104627102  CGA; glycoprotein hormones alpha chain [KO:K08522]
104624686  FSHB; follitropin subunit beta [KO:K05250]
104620450  MMP2; 72 kDa type IV collagenase isoform X1 [KO:K01398] [EC:3.4.24.24]
104621772  HBEGF; proheparin-binding EGF-like growth factor [KO:K08523]
104616401  EGFR; epidermal growth factor receptor [KO:K04361] [EC:2.7.10.1]
104615527  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04364]
104621852  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 [KO:K03099]
104619209  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 [KO:K03099]
104623545  HRAS; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
104615251  GTPase KRas [KO:K07827]
104617220  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
104627321  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
104615077  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104625875  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
104626425  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
104617058  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: early growth response protein 1-B-like [KO:K09203]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00165  Diacylglycerol
C00219  Arachidonate
C00416  Phosphatidate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01245  D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:15350605
  Authors
Ruf F, Sealfon SC.
  Title
Genomics view of gonadotrope signaling circuits.
  Journal
Trends Endocrinol Metab 15:331-8 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.tem.2004.07.008
Reference
PMID:15613448
  Authors
Harrison GS, Wierman ME, Nett TM, Glode LM.
  Title
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its receptor in normal and malignant cells.
  Journal
Endocr Relat Cancer 11:725-48 (2004)
DOI:10.1677/erc.1.00777
Reference
PMID:15982836
  Authors
Pawson AJ, McNeilly AS.
  Title
The pituitary effects of GnRH.
  Journal
Anim Reprod Sci 88:75-94 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.anireprosci.2005.05.010
Reference
  Authors
DeGroot LJ, Jameson JL (ed).
  Title
Endocrinology (Fifth edition)
  Journal
Elsevier Saunders (2006)
Reference
PMID:10707049
  Authors
Naor Z, Benard O, Seger R.
  Title
Activation of MAPK cascades by G-protein-coupled receptors: the case of gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor.
  Journal
Trends Endocrinol Metab 11:91-9 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S1043-2760(99)00232-5
Reference
PMID:14596811
  Authors
Ruf F, Fink MY, Sealfon SC.
  Title
Structure of the GnRH receptor-stimulated signaling network: insights from genomics.
  Journal
Front Neuroendocrinol 24:181-99 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0091-3022(03)00027-X
Reference
PMID:12943720
  Authors
Farshori PQ, Shah BH, Arora KK, Martinez-Fuentes A, Catt KJ.
  Title
Activation and nuclear translocation of PKCdelta, Pyk2 and ERK1/2 by gonadotropin releasing hormone in HEK293 cells.
  Journal
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 85:337-47 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0960-0760(03)00226-7
Reference
PMID:15080147
  Authors
Shah BH, Catt KJ.
  Title
Matrix metalloproteinases in reproductive endocrinology.
  Journal
Trends Endocrinol Metab 15:47-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.tem.2004.01.004
Reference
PMID:12963732
  Authors
Roelle S, Grosse R, Aigner A, Krell HW, Czubayko F, Gudermann T.
  Title
Matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 9 mediate epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation by gonadotropin-releasing hormone.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 278:47307-18 (2003)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M304377200
Reference
PMID:18708085
  Authors
Naor Z
  Title
Signaling by G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR): studies on the GnRH receptor.
  Journal
Front Neuroendocrinol 30:10-29 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.yfrne.2008.07.001
Related
pathway
plet04010  MAPK signaling pathway
plet04020  Calcium signaling pathway
plet04060  Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction
plet04080  Neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction
KO pathway
ko04912   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system