KEGG   PATHWAY: pov04210
Entry
pov04210                    Pathway                                
Name
Apoptosis - Paralichthys olivaceus (Japanese flounder)
Description
Apoptosis is a genetically programmed process for the elimination of damaged or redundant cells by activation of caspases (aspartate-specific cysteine proteases). The onset of apoptosis is controlled by numerous interrelating processes. The 'extrinsic' pathway involves stimulation of members of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor subfamily, such as TNFRI, CD95/Fas or TRAILR (death receptors), located at the cell surface, by their specific ligands, such as TNF-alpha, FasL or TRAIL, respectively. The 'intrinsic' pathway is activated mainly by non-receptor stimuli, such as DNA damage, ER stress, metabolic stress, UV radiation or growth-factor deprivation. The central event in the 'intrinsic' pathway is the mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP), which leads to the release of cytochrome c. These two pathways converge at the level of effector caspases, such as caspase-3 and caspase-7. The third major pathway is initiated by the constituents of cytotoxic granules (e.g. Perforin and Granzyme B) that are released by CTLs (cytotoxic T-cells) and NK (natural killer) cells. Granzyme B, similarly to the caspases, cleaves its substrates after aspartic acid residues, suggesting that this protease has the ability to activate members of the caspase family directly. It is the balance between the pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic signals that eventually determines whether cells will undergo apoptosis, survive or proliferate. TNF family of ligands activates anti-apoptotic or cell-survival signals as well as apoptotic signals. NGF and Interleukin-3 promotes the survival, proliferation and differentiation of neurons or hematopoietic cells, respectively. Withdrawal of these growth factors leads to cell death, as described above.
Class
Cellular Processes; Cell growth and death
Pathway map
pov04210  Apoptosis
pov04210

Other DBs
GO: 0006915
Organism
Paralichthys olivaceus (Japanese flounder) [GN:pov]
Gene
109645712  tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10-like [KO:K04721]
109646012  tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 10-like [KO:K04721]
109633911  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B-like isoform X1 [KO:K04722]
109626051  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10B-like [KO:K04722]
109625570  tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6-like [KO:K04389]
109631170  tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6-like isoform X1 [KO:K04390]
109625113  fadd; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
109640782  tumor necrosis factor-like [KO:K03156]
109633293  tnfrsf1a; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A [KO:K03158]
109636771  tradd; tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1-associated DEATH domain protein [KO:K03171]
109631097  cflar; CASP8 and FADD-like apoptosis regulator isoform X1 [KO:K04724]
109637364  caspase-8-like isoform X1 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
109641073  caspase-8-like [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
109631024  caspase-8-like [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
109638322  casp6; caspase-6 [KO:K04396] [EC:3.4.22.59]
109639599  caspase-3-like [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
109631395  caspase-3-like [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
109644782  casp7; caspase-7 [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
109648155  caspase-3-like [KO:K04397] [EC:3.4.22.60]
109639913  uncharacterized protein LOC109639913 isoform X1 [KO:K04726]
109631661  apoptosis regulator BAX-like [KO:K02159]
109625138  apoptosis regulator BAX-like [KO:K02159]
109634241  bax; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
109646396  diablo homolog, mitochondrial-like isoform X1 [KO:K10522]
109630137  diablo homolog, mitochondrial-like [KO:K10522]
109635714  septin-5-like [KO:K16943]
109630264  septin-5-like isoform X1 [KO:K16943]
109628063  serine protease HTRA2, mitochondrial-like [KO:K08669] [EC:3.4.21.108]
109631327  cytochrome c-b [KO:K08738]
109631651  cytochrome c-a-like [KO:K08738]
109635887  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
109632693  apaf1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 [KO:K02084]
109630724  casp9; caspase-9 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
109633970  perforin-1-like [KO:K07818]
109639325  perforin-1-like [KO:K07818]
109643618  perforin-1-like [KO:K07818]
109631307  granzyme B(G,H)-like [KO:K01353] [EC:3.4.21.79]
109631138  tubulin alpha chain-like [KO:K07374]
109640211  tubulin alpha-1C chain-like [KO:K07374]
109646505  tubulin alpha chain-like [KO:K07374]
109642576  tubulin alpha chain-like [KO:K07374]
109642578  tubulin alpha-1A chain-like [KO:K07374]
109642580  tubulin alpha chain-like [KO:K07374]
109644659  tubulin alpha-1A chain-like [KO:K07374]
109642730  tubulin alpha-8 chain-like [KO:K07374]
109638896  tubulin alpha-8 chain-like [KO:K07374]
109646197  tubulin alpha chain [KO:K07374]
109633486  induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 homolog [KO:K02539]
109639577  actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
109644268  actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
109642537  sptan1; spectrin alpha chain, non-erythrocytic 1 [KO:K06114]
109644093  lamin-A-like isoform X1 [KO:K12641]
109643006  lmna; lamin [KO:K12641]
109625666  lmnb2; lamin-B2 [KO:K07611]
109626390  lmnb1; lamin-B1 [KO:K07611]
109625194  lamin-L(III)-like [KO:K07611]
109636148  parp1; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 [KO:K24070] [EC:2.4.2.30]
109629021  parp3; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 3 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
109642428  parp2; poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
109641031  poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 4-like [KO:K10798] [EC:2.4.2.30]
109631000  dffa; DNA fragmentation factor subunit alpha [KO:K02310]
109630946  dffb; DNA fragmentation factor subunit beta [KO:K02311] [EC:3.-.-.-]
109644163  endog; endonuclease G, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01173]
109628601  aifm1; apoptosis-inducing factor 1, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K04727] [EC:1.-.-.-]
109639250  serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1-like [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
109638731  ern1; serine/threonine-protein kinase/endoribonuclease IRE1 [KO:K08852] [EC:2.7.11.1 3.1.26.-]
109633912  TNF receptor-associated factor 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
109626283  TNF receptor-associated factor 2-like [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
109625941  TNF receptor-associated factor 2-like [KO:K03173] [EC:2.3.2.27]
109628963  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1 [KO:K04958]
109628992  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 1-like [KO:K04958]
109624047  itpr2; inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 2 [KO:K04959]
109642872  inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor type 3-like [KO:K04960]
109627978  calpain-1 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
109647408  calpain-1 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
109632311  calpain-1 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
109635880  calpain-1 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K01367] [EC:3.4.22.52]
109630641  calpain-2 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
109647469  calpain-2 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
109647544  calpain-2 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
109632323  calpain-1 catalytic subunit-like [KO:K03853] [EC:3.4.22.53]
109641514  eif2ak3; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2-alpha kinase 3 [KO:K08860] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109636059  eif2s1; eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 subunit 1 [KO:K03237]
109643580  cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4-like [KO:K04374]
109639271  cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4-like [KO:K04374]
109635636  ddit3; DNA damage-inducible transcript 3 protein [KO:K04452]
109625184  cathepsin B-like [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
109636207  cathepsin B-like [KO:K01363] [EC:3.4.22.1]
109634615  ctsc; dipeptidyl peptidase 1 [KO:K01275] [EC:3.4.14.1]
109643581  cathepsin D-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
109647905  cathepsin D-like [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
109648166  cathepsin D [KO:K01379] [EC:3.4.23.5]
109626843  cathepsin L-like [KO:K01373] [EC:3.4.22.41]
109633525  cathepsin K-like isoform X1 [KO:K01371] [EC:3.4.22.38]
109625383  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
109644058  ctsl; cathepsin L1 [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
109644118  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
109625556  ctso; cathepsin O [KO:K01374] [EC:3.4.22.42]
109633509  cathepsin S-like [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
109638767  cathepsin S-like [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
109638800  cathepsin L1-like [KO:K01368] [EC:3.4.22.27]
109643907  cathepsin Z-like [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
109640431  cathepsin Z-like [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
109629142  ctsz; cathepsin Z [KO:K08568] [EC:3.4.18.1]
109628681  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 2-like isoform X1 [KO:K16060]
109647059  xiap; E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase XIAP [KO:K04725] [EC:2.3.2.27]
109630673  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5.1-A-like [KO:K08731]
109627178  baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5.2-like [KO:K08731]
109645590  bcl2l11; bcl-2-like protein 11 [KO:K16341]
109645834  bcl-2-like protein 1 [KO:K04570]
109630859  bcl-2-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04570]
109640281  apoptosis regulator Bcl-2-like [KO:K02161]
109644802  daxx; death domain-associated protein 6 [KO:K02308]
109645932  ripk1; receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 [KO:K02861] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109645432  disabled homolog 2-interacting protein-like [KO:K19901]
109626338  dab2ip; disabled homolog 2-interacting protein isoform X1 [KO:K19901]
109633076  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5-like [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
109635968  map3k5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
109626552  mitogen-activated protein kinase 9-like [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109626878  mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109633007  mitogen-activated protein kinase 8-like isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109626434  mapk10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109634873  bad; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
109625845  transcription factor AP-1-like [KO:K04448]
109643961  jun; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
109627836  proto-oncogene c-Fos-like [KO:K04379]
109648142  proto-oncogene c-Fos-like [KO:K04379]
109636028  proto-oncogene c-Fos-like [KO:K04379]
109634900  cellular tumor antigen p53-like isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
109633940  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14-like isoform X1 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
109645298  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 14-like isoform X1 [KO:K04466] [EC:2.7.11.25]
109629542  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha-like [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
109644018  inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha-like [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
109637101  ikbkb; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
109630748  ikbkg; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
109632273  NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha-like [KO:K04734]
109628166  NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha-like [KO:K04734]
109644052  nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit-like [KO:K02580]
109637639  putative transcription factor p65 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04735]
109626299  ptpn13; tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 13 isoform X1 [KO:K02374]
109644407  gadd45b; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta [KO:K04402]
109637499  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha-like [KO:K04402]
109636370  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 beta-like isoform X1 [KO:K04402]
109639301  gadd45g; growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma [KO:K04402]
109625451  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 alpha-like [KO:K04402]
109643194  growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible protein GADD45 gamma-like [KO:K04402]
109634588  atm; serine-protein kinase ATM [KO:K04728] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109623964  pidd1; p53-induced death domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K10130]
109633282  casp2; caspase-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02186] [EC:3.4.22.55]
109635456  ngf; beta-nerve growth factor [KO:K02582]
109635098  nerve growth factor-like [KO:K02582]
109642014  ntrk1; high affinity nerve growth factor receptor [KO:K03176] [EC:2.7.10.1]
109641058  csf2rb; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cytokine receptor common subunit beta [KO:K04738]
109630509  pik3cd; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109634439  pik3cb; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109639237  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109640251  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109642929  phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform-like [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
109642569  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649]
109638609  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta-like [KO:K02649]
109636617  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like [KO:K02649]
109626360  pik3r1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
109646274  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma-like isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
109626882  pdpk1; 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K06276] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109641589  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109630907  RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109628065  akt1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109634602  RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109642071  RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109638968  hras; GTPase HRas [KO:K02833]
109641467  GTPase HRas-like [KO:K07827]
109624348  kras; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
109635227  raf1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
109624327  map2k1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109625750  dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
109639504  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1-like [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
109640677  mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00319  Sphingosine
C05981  Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
PMID:26615431
  Authors
Savitskaya MA, Onishchenko GE
  Title
Mechanisms of Apoptosis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 80:1393-417 (2015)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297915110012
Reference
PMID:23803157
  Authors
Schleich K, Lavrik IN
  Title
Mathematical modeling of apoptosis.
  Journal
Cell Commun Signal 11:44 (2013)
DOI:10.1186/1478-811X-11-44
Reference
PMID:15654015
  Authors
Lavrik I, Golks A, Krammer PH
  Title
Death receptor signaling.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 118:265-7 (2005)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.01610
Reference
PMID:15725726
  Authors
Jin Z, El-Deiry WS
  Title
Overview of cell death signaling pathways.
  Journal
Cancer Biol Ther 4:139-63 (2005)
DOI:10.4161/cbt.4.2.1508
Reference
PMID:15322527
  Authors
Benn SC, Woolf CJ
  Title
Adult neuron survival strategies--slamming on the brakes.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 5:686-700 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nrn1477
Reference
PMID:12838338
  Authors
Orrenius S, Zhivotovsky B, Nicotera P
  Title
Regulation of cell death: the calcium-apoptosis link.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:552-65 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1150
Reference
PMID:19148180
  Authors
Clarke P, Tyler KL
  Title
Apoptosis in animal models of virus-induced disease.
  Journal
Nat Rev Microbiol 7:144-55 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nrmicro2071
Reference
PMID:22429822
  Authors
Wen X, Lin ZQ, Liu B, Wei YQ
  Title
Caspase-mediated programmed cell death pathways as potential therapeutic targets in cancer.
  Journal
Cell Prolif 45:217-24 (2012)
DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00814.x
Reference
PMID:25526085
  Authors
Shalini S, Dorstyn L, Dawar S, Kumar S
  Title
Old, new and emerging functions of caspases.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 22:526-39 (2015)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2014.216
Reference
PMID:15601572
  Authors
Philchenkov A
  Title
Caspases: potential targets for regulating cell death.
  Journal
J Cell Mol Med 8:432-44 (2004)
DOI:10.1111/j.1582-4934.2004.tb00468.x
Reference
PMID:9894605
  Authors
Stroh C, Schulze-Osthoff K
  Title
Death by a thousand cuts: an ever increasing list of caspase substrates.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 5:997-1000 (1998)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4400451
Reference
PMID:23070002
  Authors
Safa AR
  Title
c-FLIP, a master anti-apoptotic regulator.
  Journal
Exp Oncol 34:176-84 (2012)
Reference
PMID:18304445
  Authors
Jeong SY, Seol DW
  Title
The role of mitochondria in apoptosis.
  Journal
BMB Rep 41:11-22 (2008)
DOI:10.5483/bmbrep.2008.41.1.011
Reference
PMID:20533903
  Authors
Parsons MJ, Green DR
  Title
Mitochondria in cell death.
  Journal
Essays Biochem 47:99-114 (2010)
DOI:10.1042/bse0470099
Reference
PMID:15719025
  Authors
Strasser A
  Title
The role of BH3-only proteins in the immune system.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 5:189-200 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nri1568
Reference
PMID:24278747
  Authors
Schonthal AH
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress: its role in disease and novel prospects for therapy.
  Journal
Scientifica (Cairo) 2012:857516 (2012)
DOI:10.6064/2012/857516
Reference
PMID:21145844
  Authors
Malhi H, Kaufman RJ
  Title
Endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver disease.
  Journal
J Hepatol 54:795-809 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.jhep.2010.11.005
Reference
PMID:18023214
  Authors
Malhotra JD, Kaufman RJ
  Title
The endoplasmic reticulum and the unfolded protein response.
  Journal
Semin Cell Dev Biol 18:716-31 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.semcdb.2007.09.003
Reference
PMID:16397578
  Authors
Wu J, Kaufman RJ
  Title
From acute ER stress to physiological roles of the Unfolded Protein Response.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 13:374-84 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401840
Reference
PMID:21914490
  Authors
Repnik U, Stoka V, Turk V, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomes and lysosomal cathepsins in cell death.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1824:22-33 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbapap.2011.08.016
Reference
PMID:22465226
  Authors
Cesen MH, Pegan K, Spes A, Turk B
  Title
Lysosomal pathways to cell death and their therapeutic applications.
  Journal
Exp Cell Res 318:1245-51 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.03.005
Reference
PMID:26231733
  Authors
Dashzeveg N, Yoshida K
  Title
Cell death decision by p53 via control of the mitochondrial membrane.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 367:108-12 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2015.07.019
Reference
PMID:22075987
  Authors
Bouchier-Hayes L, Green DR
  Title
Caspase-2: the orphan caspase.
  Journal
Cell Death Differ 19:51-7 (2012)
DOI:10.1038/cdd.2011.157
Reference
PMID:18238895
  Authors
Baptiste-Okoh N, Barsotti AM, Prives C
  Title
A role for caspase 2 and PIDD in the process of p53-mediated apoptosis.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105:1937-42 (2008)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0711800105
Reference
PMID:12949498
  Authors
Aggarwal BB
  Title
Signalling pathways of the TNF superfamily: a double-edged sword.
  Journal
Nat Rev Immunol 3:745-56 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nri1184
Reference
PMID:14737178
  Authors
Steelman LS, Pohnert SC, Shelton JG, Franklin RA, Bertrand FE, McCubrey JA.
  Title
JAK/STAT, Raf/MEK/ERK, PI3K/Akt and BCR-ABL in cell cycle progression and leukemogenesis.
  Journal
Leukemia 18:189-218 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/sj.leu.2403241
Reference
PMID:9916983
  Authors
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Signal transduction pathways that regulate cell survival and cell death.
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PMID:11520933
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Sofroniew MV, Howe CL, Mobley WC
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Nerve growth factor signaling, neuroprotection, and neural repair.
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Annu Rev Neurosci 24:1217-81 (2001)
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PMID:24769728
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Kristiansen M, Ham J
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Programmed cell death during neuronal development: the sympathetic neuron model.
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Cell Death Differ 21:1025-35 (2014)
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PMID:18208375
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Logue SE, Martin SJ
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Caspase activation cascades in apoptosis.
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Biochem Soc Trans 36:1-9 (2008)
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PMID:19770840
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Intracellular versus extracellular granzyme B in immunity and disease: challenging the dogma.
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Lab Invest 89:1195-220 (2009)
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Cell Death Differ 17:616-23 (2010)
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Related
pathway
pov04010  MAPK signaling pathway
pov04020  Calcium signaling pathway
pov04115  p53 signaling pathway
pov04141  Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum
KO pathway
ko04210   
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