KEGG   PATHWAY: rro04727
Entry
rro04727                    Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Rhinopithecus roxellana (golden snub-nosed monkey)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
rro04727  GABAergic synapse
rro04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Rhinopithecus roxellana (golden snub-nosed monkey) [GN:rro]
Gene
104659509  SLC38A1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 [KO:K14990]
104671510  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K14207]
104673669  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
104675281  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
104679638  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
104673531  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
104655831  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
104678385  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
104682337  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 isoform X2 [KO:K05175]
104682346  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
104680072  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 isoform X1 [KO:K05175]
104655705  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
104658086  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05175]
104653518  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175]
104655707  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 isoform X4 [KO:K05181]
104682315  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
104680073  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 [KO:K05181]
104666483  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
104655703  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
104671771  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05186]
104653558  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
104663157  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon [KO:K05185]
104654577  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
104663599  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi isoform X1 [KO:K05189]
104662061  PRKACG; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
104677489  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
104661051  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
104655840  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
115895854  proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src-like [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
104675428  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104665907  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104676027  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type isoform X1 [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
104680552  HAP1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: huntingtin-associated protein 1 [KO:K04647]
104677847  GABARAPL2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 2 [KO:K08341]
104679279  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 3 [KO:K08341]
104673331  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
104668619  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
104669306  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
104682176  gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
104682398  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
104655517  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 [KO:K15374]
104676755  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 [KO:K15375]
104665085  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X1 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
104678816  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X1 [KO:K23967]
104654545  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
104657900  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 isoform X1 [KO:K05190]
104657902  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05190]
104661142  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A isoform X1 [KO:K04344]
104669605  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B isoform X1 [KO:K04849]
104659017  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
104672388  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
104661816  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F isoform X5 [KO:K04853]
104661868  CACNA1S; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
104657770  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
104676766  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04615]
104655987  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
104667102  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
104673307  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
104664017  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
104653553  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
104673624  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
104680094  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
104670580  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 [KO:K04538]
104660908  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
104672906  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 isoform X1 [KO:K07826]
104679339  GNG3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
115898383  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-3 [KO:K04540]
104679173  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
104660849  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
104677497  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
115900349  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
104671381  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
115892187  GNG8; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-8 isoform X1 [KO:K04544]
104660869  GNG10; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-10 [KO:K04545]
104682787  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
104657305  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
115895307  GNG13; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-13 [KO:K04547]
104682791  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
104659743  GNGT2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-T2 [KO:K04549]
104671165  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104674083  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 isoform X1 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104658457  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 isoform X1 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104662674  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X1 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104668142  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104654871  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104672569  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104675683  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 isoform X1 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104672288  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X1 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
104678253  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
104673285  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 [KO:K05034]
104672231  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05046]
104673283  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
104672264  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
104666784  GLUL; glutamine synthetase isoform X1 [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
104667114  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
104660670  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
rro00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
rro00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
rro04144  Endocytosis
rro04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
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