Entry
Name
tryptophan 5-monooxygenase;
L-tryptophan hydroxylase;
indoleacetic acid-5-hydroxylase;
tryptophan 5-hydroxylase;
tryptophan hydroxylase
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With reduced pteridine as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
BRITE hierarchy
Sysname
L-tryptophan,tetrahydropteridine:oxygen oxidoreductase (5-hydroxylating)
Reaction(IUBMB)
L-tryptophan + a 5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine + O2 = 5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan + a 4a-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine [RN:
R12542 ]
Reaction(KEGG)
Substrate
Product
5-hydroxy-L-tryptophan [CPD:
C00643 ];
4a-hydroxy-5,6,7,8-tetrahydropteridine [CPD:
C22239 ]
Comment
The active centre contains mononuclear iron(II). The enzyme is activated by phosphorylation, catalysed by a Ca2+-activated protein kinase. The 4a-hydroxytetrahydropteridine formed can dehydrate to 6,7-dihydropteridine, both spontaneously and by the action of EC
4.2.1.96 , 4a-hydroxytetrahydrobiopterin dehydratase. The 6,7-dihydropteridine must be enzymically reduced back to tetrahydropteridine, by EC
1.5.1.34 , 6,7-dihydropteridine reductase, before it slowly rearranges into the more stable but inactive compound 7,8-dihydropteridine.
History
EC 1.14.16.4 created 1972, modified 2003, modified 2019
Pathway
Orthology
K00502 tryptophan 5-monooxygenase
Genes
HSA : 121278(TPH2) 7166(TPH1)
PTR : 466453(TPH1) 467070(TPH2)
PPS : 100977344(TPH2) 103782654(TPH1)
GGO : 101132108(TPH1) 101146582(TPH2)
PON : 100459809(TPH2) 103891844(TPH1)
NLE : 100588345(TPH2) 100601780(TPH1)
MCC : 664730(TPH2) 695363(TPH1)
MCF : 102124167(TPH2) 102145077(TPH1)
CSAB : 103238730(TPH2) 103239320(TPH1)
CATY : 105581034(TPH2) 105598886(TPH1)
PANU : 101001223(TPH2) 103875499(TPH1)
TGE : 112606866(TPH1) 112635076(TPH2)
RRO : 104667637(TPH1) 104668095(TPH2)
RBB : 108526665(TPH2) 108528377(TPH1)
TFN : 117081781(TPH1) 117089733(TPH2)
PTEH : 111552365(TPH2) 111555044(TPH1)
CJC : 100403096(TPH2) 100415029(TPH1)
SBQ : 101051709(TPH2) 104652952(TPH1)
CSYR : 103257543(TPH2) 103265117(TPH1)
MMUR : 105856884(TPH2) 105879970(TPH1)
OGA : 100953596(TPH2) 105886446(TPH1)
MMU : 216343(Tph2) 21990(Tph1)
MCAL : 110298535(Tph1) 110303601(Tph2)
MPAH : 110326744(Tph2) 110330199(Tph1)
RNO : 24848(Tph1) 317675(Tph2)
MCOC : 116076348(Tph2) 116102248(Tph1)
MUN : 110550489(Tph1) 110555372(Tph2)
CGE : 100763947(Tph2) 100767923(Tph1)
PLEU : 114699018(Tph2) 114700529(Tph1)
NGI : 103734460(Tph1) 103735331(Tph2)
HGL : 101710219(Tph1) 101714361(Tph2)
CPOC : 100718189(Tph1) 100724594(Tph2)
DORD : 105988605(Tph2) 105999169(Tph1)
DSP : 122117778(Tph1) 122124215(Tph2)
OCU : 100009100(TPH1) 100101558(TPH1) 100344397(TPH2)
OPI : 101517264(TPH1) 101524788(TPH2)
TUP : 102481223(TPH2) 102487889(TPH1)
CFA : 481165(TPH2) 611956(TPH1)
VVP : 112922180(TPH2) 112927027(TPH1)
VLG : 121476514(TPH1) 121491914(TPH2)
AML : 100467699(TPH1) 100472165(TPH2)
UMR : 103656892(TPH2) 103679407(TPH1)
UAH : 113246602(TPH1) 113256261(TPH2)
UAR : 123787118(TPH2) 123791643(TPH1)
MPUF : 101678853(TPH2) 101685595(TPH1)
ORO : 101364741(TPH1) 101369839(TPH2)
EJU : 114202737 114202738 114219387(TPH1)
ZCA : 113914718(TPH1) 113922464(TPH2) 113933908
MLX : 118004319(TPH1) 118008557(TPH2)
FCA : 101082165(TPH2) 101098575(TPH1)
PYU : 121040737(TPH2) 121043698(TPH1)
PBG : 122474068(TPH2) 122484410(TPH1)
PTG : 102948910(TPH2) 102969936(TPH1)
PPAD : 109270520(TPH2) 109271211(TPH1)
AJU : 106967384(TPH2) 106977480(TPH1)
HHV : 120223353(TPH2) 120234792(TPH1)
BTA : 100336620(TPH2) 781941(TPH1)
BOM : 102269915(TPH1) 102275621(TPH2)
BIU : 109558652(TPH2) 109569943(TPH1)
BBUB : 102396992(TPH2) 102411029(TPH1)
CHX : 102174722(TPH2) 102184739(TPH1)
OAS : 101113620(TPH1) 101120314(TPH2)
ODA : 120857959(TPH2) 120876397(TPH1)
CCAD : 122427666(TPH2) 122450434(TPH1)
SSC : 100511002(TPH1) 100627725(TPH2)
CFR : 102512650(TPH2) 102522464(TPH1)
CBAI : 105072045(TPH2) 105076585(TPH1)
CDK : 105086665(TPH1) 105095994(TPH2)
BACU : 102997866(TPH1) 103006656(TPH2)
LVE : 103083324(TPH1) 103087968(TPH2)
OOR : 101271217(TPH2) 101273510(TPH1)
DLE : 111165253(TPH1) 111173732(TPH2)
PCAD : 102985446(TPH2) 102994832(TPH1)
PSIU : 116758349(TPH1) 116761326(TPH2)
ECB : 100009684(TPH2) 100056614(TPH1)
EPZ : 103559190(TPH1) 103561950(TPH2)
EAI : 106826108(TPH2) 106835485(TPH1)
MYB : 102241626(TPH2) 102244804(TPH1)
MYD : 102753485(TPH2) 102767513(TPH1)
MMYO : 118651936(TPH2) 118663522(TPH1)
MLF : 102418890(TPH1) 102434305(TPH2)
MNA : 107526733(TPH2) 107546725(TPH1)
PKL : 118712480(TPH1) 118730418(TPH2)
HAI : 109387680(TPH2) 109388096(TPH1)
DRO : 112303363(TPH1) 112319064(TPH2)
SHON : 118989337(TPH2) 118989705(TPH1)
AJM : 119053091(TPH1) 119055866
PDIC : 114499999(TPH1) 114513219(TPH2)
PHAS : 123810024(TPH1) 123812692(TPH2)
MMF : 118624020(TPH2) 118628186(TPH1)
RFQ : 117028733(TPH2) 117030182(TPH1)
PALE : 102882683(TPH1) 102891331(TPH2)
PGIG : 120593610(TPH1) 120605080(TPH2)
PVP : 105301629(TPH2) 105304216(TPH1)
RAY : 107508027(TPH1) 107512624(TPH2)
MJV : 108400665(TPH2) 108404860(TPH1)
TOD : 119248285(TPH2) 119254591(TPH1)
SARA : 101549071(TPH1) 101551893(TPH2)
LAV : 100658860(TPH1) 100669911(TPH2)
DNM : 101414982(TPH2) 101440944(TPH1)
MDO : 100011937(TPH2) 100020009(TPH1)
GAS : 123250170(TPH2) 123251417(TPH1)
SHR : 100915442(TPH1) 100923184(TPH2)
PCW : 110195961(TPH2) 110221097(TPH1)
OAA : 100079349(TPH2) 100090381(TPH1)
GGA : 395799(TPH1) 408026(TPH2)
PCOC : 116226749(TPH2) 116242903(TPH1)
MGP : 100303678(TPH2) 100549515(TPH1)
CJO : 107310284(TPH2) 107314681(TPH1)
NMEL : 110392823(TPH2) 110401279(TPH1)
APLA : 101793780(TPH2) 101797806(TPH1)
ACYG : 106042627 106046728(TPH2)
AFUL : 116490046(TPH1) 116495542(TPH2)
TGU : 100228542(TPH2) 100229598(TPH1)
LSR : 110468084(TPH1) 110469834(TPH2)
SCAN : 103813668(TPH2) 103826774(TPH1)
PMOA : 120499841(TPH2) 120501148(TPH1)
OTC : 121339484(TPH2) 121341539(TPH1)
PRUF : 121352558(TPH2) 121360970(TPH1)
GFR : 102036017(TPH2) 102041307(TPH1)
FAB : 101817911(TPH2) 101820220(TPH1)
PHI : 102103962(TPH2) 102106431(TPH1)
PMAJ : 107204683(TPH2) 107205260(TPH1)
CCAE : 111930805(TPH1) 111937577(TPH2)
CCW : 104685325(TPH1) 104698473(TPH2)
ETL : 114059440(TPH1) 114059989(TPH2)
ZAB : 102063944(TPH1) 102067699(TPH2)
FPG : 101914983(TPH1) 101918183(TPH2)
FCH : 102052919(TPH2) 102057315(TPH1)
CLV : 102092014(TPH2) 102095810(TPH1)
EGZ : 104123206(TPH1) 104132957(TPH2)
NNI : 104010591(TPH1) 104011038(TPH2)
ACUN : 113481125(TPH1) 113489370(TPH2)
TALA : 104356202(TPH1) 104369069(TPH2)
PADL : 103920030(TPH2) 103920766(TPH1)
ACHC : 115336364(TPH2) 115352028(TPH1)
AAM : 106488161(TPH2) 106497047(TPH1)
AROW : 112964095(TPH2) 112972385(TPH1)
NPD : 112951457(TPH1) 112958850(TPH2)
DNE : 112978923(TPH1) 112983291(TPH2)
ASN : 102376121(TPH2) 102380987(TPH1)
AMJ : 102560538(TPH1) 102572294(TPH2)
CPOO : 109315970(TPH2) 109321541(TPH1)
GGN : 109297011(TPH2) 109299139(TPH1)
PSS : 102445658(TPH2) 102460535(TPH1)
CMY : 102930035(TPH2) 102934830(TPH1)
CPIC : 101933912(TPH2) 101948172(TPH1)
TST : 117877260(TPH1) 117877915(TPH2)
CABI : 116817165(TPH2) 116838939(TPH1)
MRV : 120383209(TPH2) 120402771(TPH1)
ACS : 100562860(tph1) 100564918(tph2)
PVT : 110084890(TPH2) 110088804(TPH1)
SUND : 121929851(TPH1) 121931396(TPH2)
PBI : 103048564(TPH1) 103062013
PMUR : 107283841(TPH2) 107296796(TPH1)
TSR : 106541682(TPH2) 106552357
PGUT : 117655482(TPH2) 117665266(TPH1)
VKO : 123021233(TPH1) 123033286(TPH2)
PMUA : 114598774(TPH1) 114605959(TPH2)
ZVI : 118089013(TPH1) 118090812(TPH2)
GJA : 107115340(TPH2) 107115550(TPH1)
XLA : 108710258 108713144(tph2.S) 387560(tph1.L)
XTR : 100486097(tph2) 100497239(tph1)
NPR : 108785999(TPH1) 108788312(TPH2)
RTEM : 120917010(TPH1) 120931964(TPH2)
BBUF : 120980604(TPH1) 120980734(TPH2)
BGAR : 122920144(TPH1) 122925790(TPH2)
DRE : 352943(tph1a) 407712(tph2) 415103(tph1b)
SRX : 107720785(tph1) 107740327 107740493 107749937 107750725 107755016
SANH : 107663941 107670227 107672314 107673292 107686260 107700369
SGH : 107553080 107557706 107559977 107564603 107569655 107583800
CCAR : 109074194 109086690 109110720
CAUA : 113043713 113052380 113066434 113105990 113118311
IPU : 108259139(tph1b) 108263971(tph2) 108274454(tph1a) 124626828
PHYP : 113529905(tph1) 113534273 113540934
SMEO : 124379583(tph1b) 124392964(tph1a) 124395690(tph2)
AMEX : 103025693 103043966(tph1) 103046451
EEE : 113582098 113582294 113584487(tph1)
TRU : 446047(tph1) 446048(tph2)
LCO : 104921438 104932027(tph1) 104938290
NCC : 104964502(tph1) 104965427
CGOB : 115004781 115009666(tph1)
ELY : 117257841 117261799(tph1a) 117261880(tph2)
PLEP : 121943098 121950084(tph1a)
SLUC : 116038510(tph1a) 116061876(tph2) 116067391
ECRA : 117947847 117949802(tph1a)
PFLV : 114557592 114559910(tph1) 114560174(tph2)
GAT : 120808697(tph1a) 120809623(tph2) 120833009
PPUG : 119195577(tph2) 119196279(tph1a) 119229676
MSAM : 119889771 119893900 119894244(tph2)
CUD : 121515571(tph2) 121515765(tph1a)
MZE : 101480764(tph2) 101484460 101486409(tph1)
ONL : 100691623(tph1) 100694382 100696141
OAU : 116311354(tph2) 116319109 116326748(tph1a)
OLA : 101166957(tph2) 101170994 101175562(tph1)
OML : 112141172 112152292(tph1a) 112161307
XMA : 102216868(tph1) 102234879 102236889(tph2)
XCO : 114142506 114150104(tph2) 114151044(tph1)
XHE : 116710961(tph2) 116718124 116729036(tph1)
PRET : 103462259 103466377(tph2) 103466482(tph1)
PFOR : 103130852 103149204 103156520(tph1)
PLAI : 106942220 106947747(tph1) 106959120
PMEI : 106905963(tph2) 106925763 106933112(tph1)
GAF : 122835380(tph1a) 122836199(tph2) 122846231
CVG : 107099807(tph2) 107101475 107103791(tph1)
CTUL : 119773716 119781658(tph2) 119787407(tph1a)
NFU : 107381938 107388661(tph1) 107389098(tph2)
KMR : 108229864(tph1a) 108237877 108251439(tph2)
ALIM : 106516735 106521168(tph1) 106531022(tph2)
NWH : 119415797(tph1a) 119416121(tph2) 119423870
AOCE : 111578292 111584097(tph1)
CSEM : 103379608(tph2) 103380212(tph1)
POV : 109624178(tph1) 109644721
SSEN : 122775398(tph2) 122776545(tph1a)
HHIP : 117762606(tph1a) 117762648(tph2)
LCF : 108876698(tph1) 108891738(tph2)
SDU : 111229584(tph1) 111233710(tph2)
SLAL : 111648930 111667055(tph1)
XGL : 120793262(tph2) 120793556(tph1a)
HCQ : 109507516(tph1) 109518199(tph2) 109529786
BPEC : 110162577 110168313(tph2) 110169358(tph1)
MALB : 109951036(tph1) 109969076(tph2)
SASA : 106561539 106562311 106584760 106587468
OTW : 112218837(tph2) 112236633 112237058(tph1a) 112249279
OMY : 110499357(tph2) 110506638 110521183(tph1a) 110526507
OGO : 124033100 124033744(tph2) 124035648 124037467(tph1a)
ONE : 115111128 115113690 115126650 115133981
SALP : 111962707 111969461 111974702 112073037
SNH : 120025196 120051724(tph1a) 120056450 120066714(tph2)
ELS : 105018201(tph1) 105018238(tph2)
SFM : 108936426(tph2) 108941264 108942210
PKI : 111834510 111835440 111851447(tph2)
AANG : 118214860 118219170(tph2) 118227486
LOC : 102682173(tph2) 102697783(tph1)
PSPA : 121294421 121318037 121320056 121330423(tph1a)
ARUT : 117415915 117419550 117432389 117434745(tph1a)
LCM : 102362567(TPH1) 102363250(TPH2)
DSI : Dsimw501_GD13494(Dsim_GD13494)
CEL : CELE_ZK1290.2(tph-1)
CBR : CBG_12991(Cbr-tph-1)
» show all
Taxonomy
Reference
Authors
Friedman PA, Kappelman AH, Kaufman S.
Title
Partial purification and characterization of tryptophan hydroxylase from rabbit hindbrain.
Journal
J Biol Chem 247:4165-73 (1972)
Reference
Authors
Hamon M, Bourgoin S, Artaud F, Glowinski J.
Title
The role of intraneuronal 5-HT and of tryptophan hydroxylase activation in the control of 5-HT synthesis in rat brain slices incubated in K+-enriched medium.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Ichiyama A, Nakamura S, Nishizuka Y, Hayaishi O.
Title
Enzymic studies on the biosynthesis of serotonin in mammalian brain.
Journal
J Biol Chem 245:1699-709 (1970)
Reference
Authors
Jequier E, Robinson DS, Lovenberg W, Sjoerdsma A.
Title
Further studies on tryptophan hydroxylase in rat brainstem and beef pineal.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang L, Erlandsen H, Haavik J, Knappskog PM, Stevens RC.
Title
Three-dimensional structure of human tryptophan hydroxylase and its implications for the biosynthesis of the neurotransmitters serotonin and melatonin.
Journal
Sequence
Other DBs
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.14.16.4
LinkDB
All DBs