KEGG   ENZYME: 1.14.17.3
Entry
EC 1.14.17.3                Enzyme                                 
Name
peptidylglycine monooxygenase;
peptidylglycine 2-hydroxylase;
peptidyl alpha-amidating enzyme;
peptide-alpha-amide synthetase;
peptide alpha-amidating enzyme;
peptide alpha-amide synthase;
peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylase;
peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase;
PAM-A;
PAM-B;
PAM;
peptidylglycine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (2-hydroxylating)
Class
Oxidoreductases;
Acting on paired donors, with incorporation or reduction of molecular oxygen;
With reduced ascorbate as one donor, and incorporation of one atom of oxygen into the other donor
Sysname
[peptide]-glycine,ascorbate:oxygen oxidoreductase (2-hydroxylating)
Reaction(IUBMB)
[peptide]-glycine + 2 ascorbate + O2 = [peptide]-(2S)-2-hydroxyglycine + 2 monodehydroascorbate + H2O [RN:R03912]
Reaction(KEGG)
R03912
Substrate
[peptide]-glycine [CPD:C02303];
ascorbate [CPD:C00072];
O2 [CPD:C00007]
Product
[peptide]-(2S)-2-hydroxyglycine [CPD:C03303];
monodehydroascorbate [CPD:C01041];
H2O [CPD:C00001]
Comment
A copper protein. The enzyme binds two copper ions with distinct roles during catalysis. Peptidylglycines with a neutral amino acid residue in the penultimate position are the best substrates for the enzyme. The product is unstable and dismutates to glyoxylate and the corresponding desglycine peptide amide, a reaction catalysed by EC 4.3.2.5 peptidylamidoglycolate lyase. In mammals, the two activities are part of a bifunctional protein. Involved in the final step of biosynthesis of alpha-melanotropin and related biologically active peptides.
History
EC 1.14.17.3 created 1989, modified 2019
Orthology
K00504  peptidylglycine monooxygenase
K24006  peptidylglycine monooxygenase / peptidylamidoglycolate lyase
Genes
HSA5066(PAM)
PTR461974(PAM)
PPS100970635(PAM)
GGO101148887(PAM)
PON100449730(PAM)
PPYG129037163(PAM)
NLE100603954(PAM)
HMH116470968(PAM)
SSYN129492549(PAM)
MCC707733(PAM)
MCF101926659(PAM)
MTHB126957228
MNI105471068(PAM)
CSAB103244283(PAM)
CATY105576668(PAM)
PANU101026672(PAM)
TGE112626915(PAM)
MLEU105554887(PAM)
RRO104669199(PAM)
RBB108527716(PAM)
TFN117064857(PAM)
PTEH111542665(PAM)
CANG105524723(PAM)
CJC100396001(PAM)
SBQ101034151(PAM)
CIMI108291406(PAM)
ANAN105722350(PAM)
CSYR103263009(PAM)
MMUR105875983(PAM)
LCAT123648435(PAM)
PCOQ105807623(PAM)
OGA100956802(PAM)
MMU18484(Pam)
MCAL110305227(Pam)
MPAH110321660(Pam)
RNO25508(Pam)
MCOC116088825(Pam)
ANU117722233(Pam)
MUN110540758(Pam)
CGE100770162(Pam)
MAUA101829991(Pam)
PROB127226743(Pam)
PLEU114699806(Pam)
MORG121433406(Pam)
MFOT126508296
AAMP119820391(Pam)
NGI103738185(Pam)
HGL101716909(Pam)
CPOC100713254(Pam)
CCAN109689129(Pam) 109698017
DORD105989825(Pam)
DSP122117119(Pam)
PLOP125339850(Pam)
NCAR124986502
MMMA107140778(Pam)
OCU100352005
OPI101526566(PAM)
TUP102499925(PAM)
GVR103593467(PAM)
CFA479145(PAM)
CLUD112654112(PAM)
VVP112915565(PAM)
VLG121489468(PAM)
NPO129501613(PAM)
AML100484534(PAM)
UMR103656467(PAM)
UAH113255028(PAM)
UAR123799268(PAM)
ELK111148403
LLV125101073
MPUF101671790(PAM)
MNP132028823(PAM)
MLK131832499(PAM)
NVS122917187(PAM)
ORO101383156(PAM)
EJU114208638(PAM)
ZCA113929120(PAM)
MLX118017056(PAM)
NSU110590755(PAM)
LWW102745099(PAM)
FCA101084598(PAM)
PYU121012392(PAM)
PCOO112860269(PAM)
PBG122491636(PAM)
PVIV125161563(PAM)
LRUF124519496
PTG102961161(PAM)
PPAD109267636(PAM)
PUC125934337
AJU106982276
HHV120220005(PAM)
BTA280890(PAM)
BOM102271872(PAM)
BIU109562372(PAM)
BBUB102409727(PAM)
BBIS104982553(PAM)
CHX102190130(PAM)
OAS101112815(PAM)
BTAX128051451(PAM)
ODA120863478(PAM)
CCAD122439492(PAM)
MBEZ129558554(PAM)
SSC100526040(PAM)
CFR102509591(PAM)
CBAI105082012(PAM)
CDK105103083(PAM)
VPC102529765(PAM)
BACU103008694(PAM)
BMUS118893484(PAM)
LVE103088789(PAM)
OOR101274063(PAM)
DLE111183960(PAM)
PCAD102993897(PAM)
PSIU116750498(PAM)
NASI112396130(PAM)
ECB791244(PAM)
EPZ103555847(PAM)
EAI106831159(PAM)
MYB102257709(PAM)
MYD102752613(PAM)
MMYO118655718(PAM)
MLF102422620(PAM)
MDT132233389(PAM)
PKL118703757(PAM)
EFUS103288742(PAM)
MNA107544178(PAM)
DRO112307140(PAM)
SHON118977247(PAM)
AJM119047249(PAM)
PDIC114494537(PAM)
PHAS123818032(PAM)
MMF118641919(PAM)
PPAM129083931(PAM)
HAI109394174(PAM)
RFQ117024680(PAM)
PALE102894575(PAM)
PGIG120590776(PAM)
PVP105304427(PAM)
RAY107509145(PAM)
MJV108391703(PAM)
TOD119260954(PAM)
SARA101547265(PAM)
SETR126001926(PAM)
LAV100655604(PAM)
TMU101356870
ETF101662573(PAM)
DNM101428897(PAM)
MDO100030601(PAM)
GAS123236274(PAM)
SHR100929728(PAM)
AFZ127560527
PCW110199219(PAM)
TVP118830590(PAM)
OAA100073355(PAM)
GGA427274(PAM)
PCOC116229802(PAM)
CJO107306340(PAM)
TPAI128089489(PAM)
LMUT125687282(PAM)
NMEL110389678(PAM)
APLA101795983(PAM)
ACYG106043740(PAM)
CATA118260084(PAM)
AFUL116500419(PAM)
TGU100227923(PAM)
LSR110477851(PAM)
SCAN103822855(PAM)
PMOA120500582(PAM)
OTC121332561(PAM)
PRUF121355586(PAM)
GFR102039677(PAM)
FAB101821831(PAM)
OMA130264919(PAM)
PHI102114573(PAM)
PMAJ107215969(PAM)
CCAE111940620(PAM)
CCW104693194(PAM)
CBRC103613059(PAM)
ETL114064047(PAM)
ZAB102069666(PAM)
ZLE135459288(PAM)
SVG106863061(PAM)
MMEA130586850
HRT120765045(PAM)
SATI136374135(PAM)
FPG101920860(PAM)
FCH102052743(PAM)
CCRI104158631(PAM)
NNT104402404(PAM)
SHAB115619349(PAM)
ACUN113489698(PAM)
TALA104363524(PAM)
ACHC115336613(PAM)
HALD104316339(PAM)
HLE104830258(PAM)
AGEN126036477
GCL127027149
CSTI104549454
LDI104346787(PAM)
DPUB104302573(PAM)
AVIT104279353(PAM)
EGZ104135057(PAM)
NNI104010298(PAM)
PCRI104029410(PAM)
PCAO104044911(PAM)
PADL103920863(PAM)
AFOR103903061(PAM)
FGA104074433(PAM)
CLV102087217(PAM)
PGUU104464770(PAM)
PLET104619390(PAM)
EHS104507079(PAM)
CMAC104484951(PAM)
CUCA104058390(PAM)
TEO104374810(PAM)
BREG104629990(PAM)
OHA104327527(PAM)
ACAR104522283(PAM)
CPEA104397259(PAM)
CVF104292311(PAM)
RTD128902291(PAM)
AROW112970164(PAM)
NPD112951384(PAM)
TGT104568553(PAM)
DNE112988498 112992418
SCAM104140158(PAM)
ASN102374229(PAM)
AMJ102559599(PAM)
CPOO109308144(PAM)
GGN109297455(PAM)
PSS102462977(PAM)
CMY102946187(PAM)
CCAY125636433(PAM)
DCC119855451(PAM)
CPIC101942761(PAM)
TST117879396(PAM)
CABI116815270(PAM)
MRV120407700(PAM)
ACS100562563(pam)
ASAO132767177(PAM)
PVT110079386(PAM)
SUND121924102(PAM)
PBI103055156(PAM)
CTIG120306039(PAM)
TSR106548589(PAM)
PGUT117674609(PAM)
APRI131190111(PAM)
PTEX113448749(PAM)
NSS113415426(PAM)
VKO123031660(PAM)
PMUA114606841(PAM)
PRAF128423318(PAM)
ZVI118076918(PAM)
HCG128343029(PAM)
GJA107121208(PAM)
STOW125436547(PAM)
EMC129334290(PAM)
XLA379207(pam.L) 397736(pam.S)
XTR100170159(pam)
NPR108797815(PAM)
RTEM120931440(PAM)
BBUF120992549(PAM)
BGAR122924652(PAM)
MUO115463171(PAM)
GSH117352610(PAM)
DRE570822(pam)
SRX107715844 107737006
SANH107670040 107702561
SGH107558261(pam) 107560403
CCAR109097266 109098036
CAUA113053993 113109552
CGIB127966314 128021433
PTET122352678(pam)
LROH127171703(pam)
OMC131547997(pam)
PPRM120483160(pam)
MAMB125255806(pam)
CIDE127520520
MASI127432330 127433275
TROS130545926(pam)
TDW130411485(pam)
MANU129447594(pam)
IPU108277198
IFU128619989(pam)
PHYP113543505(pam)
SMEO124393835(pam)
TFD113639276(pam)
TVC132863745(pam)
TRN134332132(pam)
AMEX103031431(pam)
CMAO118824741(pam)
EEE113576732(pam)
CHAR105894612(pam)
TRU101062613(pam)
TFS130516843(pam)
TNGGSTEN00013653G001
LCO104938829(pam)
TBEN117474446(pam)
CGOB115017065(pam)
PGEO117455911(pam)
GACU117557435(pam)
EMAC134868393(pam)
ELY117269835(pam)
EFO125905793(pam)
PLEP121960283(pam)
SLUC116041373(pam)
ECRA117958843(pam)
PFLV114570620(pam)
GAT120831508(pam)
PPUG119226240(pam)
AFB129102660(pam)
CLUM117740491(pam)
PSWI130205500(pam)
MSAM119914308(pam)
SCHU122865869(pam)
CUD121525000(pam)
ALAT119030296(pam)
ASTR137608003(pam)
MZE101484633(pam)
ONL100700800(pam)
OAU116319154(pam)
OLA101164528(pam)
OML112140341(pam)
CSAI133455498(pam)
XMA102227462(pam)
XCO114149523(pam)
XHE116724732(pam)
PRET103473165(pam)
PFOR103152322
PLAI106947015(pam)
PMEI106922489(pam)
GAF122819675(pam)
PPRL129379781(pam)
CVG107098487(pam)
CTUL119797739(pam)
GMU124872307(pam)
NFU107395057(pam)
KMR108246466(pam)
ALIM106522199(pam)
NWH119424389(pam)
AOCE111579145(pam)
MCEP124996364(pam)
CSEM103389193(pam)
POV109637635(pam)
SSEN122758574(pam)
HHIP117771409(pam)
HSP118098063(pam)
PPLT128424769(pam)
SMAU118284799(pam)
LCF108877750
SDU111221118(pam)
SLAL111659622(pam)
XGL120806189(pam)
HCQ109530660(pam)
SSCV125979803
SBIA133490609(pam)
PEE133414017(pam)
PTAO133465262(pam)
BPEC110161642(pam)
MALB109960744(pam)
BSPL114867236(pam)
SJO128379787(pam)
SASA106571984(pam)
STRU115160105(pam)
OTW112219988(pam)
OMY110523161(pam)
OGO123989512(pam)
ONE115118014(pam)
OKI109868844(pam)
OKE118387260(pam)
SALP111961960(pam)
SNH120025478(pam)
CCLU121581954(pam)
ELS105020460(pam)
SFM108929922(pam)
PKI111835769(pam)
AANG118212765(pam)
LOC102682623(pam)
PSPA121302893(pam) 121315078
ARUT117409376 117963343
PSEX120532663(pam)
LCM102348819(PAM)
CMK103178402(pam)
RTP109919477(pam)
CPLA122559877(pam)
HOC132823331(pam)
LERI129695861(pam)
PMRN116950708 116954932
LRJ133360938(PAM)
BFO118407264 118407715 118409685 118410160
BBEL109469541 109470824 109482227
CIN100186640 100186964
SCLV120333720 120334207
SPU579753 587198
LPIC129261786 129261787 129261976
APLC110987818
ARUN117295427 117296047
AJC117123403
SKO102803906 102808073
DMEDmel_CG3832(Phm)
DER6548056
DSE6615827
DSIDsimw501_GD24986(Dsim_GD24986)
DYADyak_GE11501
DAN6494903
DSR110191555
DPO4804289
DPE6591044
DMN108160696 117191325
DWI6637882
DGR6560041
DMODmoj_GI20691
DAZ108616319
DNV115564826
DHE111600106
DVI6625978
CCAT101458361
BOD118682072
BDR105228784
RZE108360749
AOQ129245648
TDA119678110 119678112
MDE101895308
SCAC106088463
LCQ111678022
LSQ119607455
GFS119635619
ECOE129951291
CLON129609637
HIS119654446
AGA1269768
ACOZ120952059
AARA120897302
AMER121593647
ASTE118513001
AFUN125768135
AMOU128305460
AALI118467329
AAG5570501
AALB109413127 109418106
ASUA134218544
CQUCpipJ_CPIJ000277
CPII120427083
CNS116350394
BCOO119080175
LLL129791611
AME412898
ACER108000884
ALAB122720000
ADR102678754
AFLR100866792
BIM100742180
BBIF117216931
BVK117231991
BVAN117157478
BTER100644842
BAFF126914477
BPYO122567009
BPAS132909698
FVI122536617
CCAL108626394
OBB114872670
OLG117607644
MGEN117226599
NMEA116432582
CGIG122395525
SOC105198561
MPHA105834205
AEC105152181
ACEP105625891
PBAR105431355
VEM105559346
HST105188766
DQU106747041
CFO105248300
FEX115245145
LHU105677788(Phm)
PGC109858237
OBO105277440
PCF106786055
PFUC122525337
VPS122633116
VCRB124427981
VVE124952855
CSOL105366100
TPRE106653747
LHT122498609
LBD127285925
MDL103573620
CGLO123270423
FAS105268001
DAM107035829
AGIF122852438
CINS118073496
VCAN122407662
CCIN107270765
DSM124407228
NPT124215253
NFB124177690
NLO107227395
NVG124301320
AROA105684686
TCA664519
DPA109533856
SOY115876829
AGRG126748907
ATD109600562
CSET123322259
AGB108907353
LDC111506322
DVV126893338
NVL108560955
APLN108737569
PPYR116165581
OTU111425349
BMOR101742277
BMAN114244909
MSEX115441270
DPLKGM_201498
BANY112055870
MJU123871322
NIQ126769253
VCD124533244
MCIX123655519
PMAC106716851
PPOT106111965
PXU106124068
PRAP110993134
PBX123714279
PNAP125059880
ZCE119829691
CCRC123694741
LSIN126976346
AAGE121730431
HAW110383814(phm)
HZE124630726
TNL113496548
SLIU111353259
OFU114363928
ATRA106133539
GMW113518254
PXY105388351
PGW126372269
LGLY125225716
CFEL113376829 113378460
CCRN123302160
API100161384
DNX107173105
AGS114129500 114129504
RMD113552161
ACOO126834382
DVT126904659
BTAB109039943
DCI103511470
CLEC106666670
HHAL112211536(Phm)
NLU111058068
HVI124355422 124370943
MQU128996417 128996418 128996419
PHUPhum_PHUM593160
FOC113217583
TPAL117647562
ZNE110835112
CSEC111863563
SGRE126272234
BROR134540387
IEL124165922
FCD110845847 110845914
DPXDAPPUDRAFT_307337 DAPPUDRAFT_330720
DMK116925123 116930770 123466817
DPZ124320633 124342993
PVM113815933 113815942 113827570
PJA122255319 122266205
PCHN125025825
PMOO119577060 119577876
HAME121866941 121871701
PCLA123757522 123765107
CQD128700964 128703323
PTRU123506128 123519064
ESN126988149
MNZ135215425 135218635
MRJ136843317(Phm)
HAZT108671591 108671767
EAF111695161 111695463 111695791 111696841 111716718
LSM121115245 121121168 121122000 121129607
TCF131882668 131885132
PPOI119101386 119101422 119102798 119103514
DSV119442465 119442579
RSAN119385941 119387394
RMP119159392 119159463
VDE111254545
VJA111264503
TUT107368260
DPTE113791349 113796289
DFR124492876 124494306
CSCU111617460 111638043
CVS136974105 136985512(Phm)
PTEP107445310
ABRU129955758 129972994
UDV129223871 129229782
SDM118185578 118185580 118205964
LPOL106462234 106465021 106468167 106476744
PMEO129593868 129594725
CELCELE_T19B4.1(pamn-1) CELE_Y71G12B.4(pghm-1)
CBRCBG_14919(Cbr-pamn-1) CBG_22199(Cbr-pghm-1)
CRQGCK72_001154 GCK72_001307
NAINECAME_00981
LOALOAG_02126
HROHELRODRAFT_90150
LGILOTGIDRAFT_128636 LOTGIDRAFT_157833
PVUL126817327 126818099 126818801
PCAN112553876
BGT106051779 106070207 106074305
GAE121377754 121383843 121386141
HRF124135743 124135744 124146994 124147038
HRJ124255774 124255836 124288942
CRG105320938
CANU128175556 128175949 128177444
CVN111129707 111129827 111129912 111130575 111130769
MYI110443164
PMAX117333861 117334163 117335171
MCAF127735286 127735299
MMER123522828 123565313
RPHI132728547 132759442
DPOL127876651
MAEA128227433 128228871 128228946
OBI106870427
OSN115218053 115220401
LJP135472639 135474068
LAK106162187
SMMSmp_156530
SHXMS3_00006564
OVIT265_08837
EGLEGR_00446
LLON135483204 135483295
NVE116601431 5505959 5513959
EPA110253509 110253517
ATEN116290559 116306504
ADF107333635
AMIL114961864 114967143
PDAM113668474 113672672
SPIS111322235 111331755
DGT114522559 114541151
XEN124452262 124454721
HMG100212200 100212498
HSY130640814 130643790 130646165
RES135687062 135687547
TADTRIADDRAFT_63754
AQU100636212
CVRCHLNCDRAFT_34137
OLUOSTLU_15206(PAM1)
OTAOT_ostta04g04860
BPGBathy08g04470
MPPMICPUCDRAFT_60313
 » show all
Reference
1  [PMID:7099265]
  Authors
Bradbury AF, Finnie MD, Smyth DG.
  Title
Mechanism of C-terminal amide formation by pituitary enzymes.
  Journal
Nature 298:686-8 (1982)
DOI:10.1038/298686a0
Reference
2  [PMID:2994573]
  Authors
Glembotski CC.
  Title
Further characterization of the peptidyl alpha-amidating enzyme in rat anterior pituitary secretory granules.
  Journal
Arch Biochem Biophys 241:673-83 (1985)
DOI:10.1016/0003-9861(85)90594-6
Reference
3  [PMID:3944110]
  Authors
Murthy AS, Mains RE, Eipper BA.
  Title
Purification and characterization of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase from bovine neurointermediate pituitary.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 261:1815-22 (1986)
Reference
4  [PMID:3691506]
  Authors
Bradbury AF, Smyth DG.
  Title
Enzyme-catalysed peptide amidation. Isolation of a stable intermediate formed by reaction of the amidating enzyme with an imino acid.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 169:579-84 (1987)
DOI:10.1111/j.1432-1033.1987.tb13648.x
Reference
5  [PMID:3453894]
  Authors
Murthy AS, Keutmann HT, Eipper BA.
  Title
Further characterization of peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase from bovine neurointermediate pituitary.
  Journal
Mol Endocrinol 1:290-9 (1987)
DOI:10.1210/mend-1-4-290
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6  [PMID:2207061]
  Authors
Katopodis AG, Ping D, May SW.
  Title
A novel enzyme from bovine neurointermediate pituitary catalyzes dealkylation of alpha-hydroxyglycine derivatives, thereby functioning sequentially with peptidylglycine alpha-amidating monooxygenase in peptide amidation.
  Journal
Biochemistry 29:6115-20 (1990)
DOI:10.1021/bi00478a001
Reference
7  [PMID:9360928]
  Authors
Prigge ST, Kolhekar AS, Eipper BA, Mains RE, Amzel LM
  Title
Amidation of bioactive peptides: the structure of peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase.
  Journal
Science 278:1300-5 (1997)
DOI:10.1126/science.278.5341.1300
Reference
8  [PMID:15131304]
  Authors
Prigge ST, Eipper BA, Mains RE, Amzel LM
  Title
Dioxygen binds end-on to mononuclear copper in a precatalytic enzyme complex.
  Journal
Science 304:864-7 (2004)
DOI:10.1126/science.1094583
Reference
9  [PMID:20958070]
  Authors
Chufan EE, Prigge ST, Siebert X, Eipper BA, Mains RE, Amzel LM
  Title
Differential reactivity between two copper sites in peptidylglycine alpha-hydroxylating monooxygenase.
  Journal
J Am Chem Soc 132:15565-72 (2010)
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  Authors
Chauhan S, Hosseinzadeh P, Lu Y, Blackburn NJ
  Title
Stopped-Flow Studies of the Reduction of the Copper Centers Suggest a Bifurcated  Electron Transfer Pathway in Peptidylglycine Monooxygenase.
  Journal
Biochemistry 55:2008-21 (2016)
DOI:10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00061
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 1.14.17.3
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 1.14.17.3
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 1.14.17.3
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 1.14.17.3
CAS: 90597-47-0
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system