KEGG   ENZYME: 5.4.99.39
Entry
EC 5.4.99.39                Enzyme                                 
Name
beta-amyrin synthase;
2,3-oxidosqualene beta-amyrin cyclase;
AsbAS1;
BPY;
EtAS;
GgbAS1;
LjAMY1;
MtAMY1;
PNY;
BgbAS
Class
Isomerases;
Intramolecular transferases;
Transferring other groups
Sysname
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene mutase (cyclizing, beta-amyrin-forming)
Reaction(IUBMB)
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene = beta-amyrin [RN:R06469]
Reaction(KEGG)
R06469
Substrate
(3S)-2,3-epoxy-2,3-dihydrosqualene [CPD:C01054]
Product
beta-amyrin [CPD:C08616]
Comment
Some organism possess a monofunctional beta-amyrin synthase [3,4,6-11], other have a multifunctional enzyme that also catalyses the synthesis of alpha-amyrin (EC 5.4.99.40) [5] or lupeol (EC 5.4.99.41) [6].
History
EC 5.4.99.39 created 2011
Pathway
ec00909  Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis
ec00999  Biosynthesis of various plant secondary metabolites
ec01100  Metabolic pathways
ec01110  Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
Orthology
K15813  beta-amyrin synthase
K15815  lupeol synthase 2
K20658  alpha/beta-amyrin synthase
K21928  delta/alpha/beta-amyrin synthase
Genes
AFRA: 136043291
ATH: AT1G78950(BAS) AT1G78960(LUP2)
CRB: 17894179 17894180
CSAT: 104714177
EUS: EUTSA_v10018166mg EUTSA_v10022563mg
BRP: 103830506 103832374
BNA: 106354658
CIT: 102618743
CIC: CICLE_v10027855mg
PVY: 116105746 116112829 116124705 116124714 116130196
MINC: 123194150 123204911 123209396 123212922 123213322 123213323 123214663 123214831 123214833 123214843 123214871 123214903 123217891 123217892
TCC: 18595542
GRA: 105770710
GHI: 107906373 107958478
GAB: 108450227
HSYR: 120131368 120133460 120210355 120210659
DZI: 111280380 111280462
EGR: 104418125 104418208 104441322 104450707 104450708 104450711 104450715 104450716 104452267 104452268 104452270
RARG: 115728401 115730235 115730250 115752711 125313908
GMX: 100778398 100781065 100809670 100810544 547702(AMS1)
GSJ: 114386344 114406586 114406588 114417867 114424383
PVU: 137818723
VRA: 106779110
VAR: 108320601
VUN: 114167020
VUM: 124835932
CCAJ: 109808037
APRC: 113857274
MTR: 11434381 25479596 25490441 25491157 25498009
TPRA: 123885848 123889233 123889758 123891201 123920397
CAM: 101507549 101509140 101514948
PSAT: 127076375 127076377 127107167 127107168
VVO: 131601057 131601059 131616260 131616262 131616263 131619883 131623342 131623344
LJA: 130745618 130745623 130745635
ADU: 107482523
AIP: 107638387
AHF: 112740785 112795505
LANG: 109339602 109356963
PCIN: 129288757 129289260 129295909 129300100 129317423 129318106 129318633
QSA: O6P43_001311 O6P43_028033
FVE: 101300752 101305573 101311150
AANS: 126799713 126800559 126800569 126800916
RCN: 112186812 112187619 112188240 112188242 112188482 112197596
PPER: 18781703 18784434
PMUM: 103327460
PAVI: 110761677
PDUL: 117620888 117620929 117621182 117622046 117622047 117622048 117624085
MDM: 103417397 103426165 103426167 103429285 103429325 103432258 103443360(OSC1) 103443364 103447527 114822557
MSYL: 126582884 126582885 126582887 126591165 126609764 126609766 126609767 126610786 126610855
PXB: 103927760 103935918 103935920 103936042 103939378 103954340 103958474 103967646 103967650 103967653
PCOX: 137707897 137708279 137715694 137728830 137739044 137739112 137739218 137742499
ZJU: 107425952 107425953 107425954 107428101 112493192 125418622 132799203
MNT: 112094630 112094634 112094688 112094692 21394597 21395405 21397009 21397010 21397013
CSAV: 115714155 115714319 115714530 115714620 115714693 115715130 115715193 115717219 115719749 115724520 115725767 133038737
CSV: 101216643 101216873 101217112
BHJ: 120069943 120075890 120079834 120080055
MCHA: 111022720
CMAX: 111496120
CMOS: 111454504
CPEP: 111798890
RCU: 8259939 8259940
MEAN: 126659523 126674164 126674624 126680146 126680801 126680802 126681312 130014468 130014615
JCU: 105646125 105646244
HBR: 110634117 110634126 110654191 110657399 110665723
MESC: 110600327 110618086
POP: 18104702 18104704 7465577 7497756
PEU: 105130436 105130437
PALZ: 118037554 118037653 118050536 118050539 118056627 118059114
PNZ: 133672503 133672619 133681460 133682242
JRE: 108989601 109004270
CILL: 122313494 122313509 122313531
CAVE: 132166930 132170762 132178134 132178794 132178822 132186675 132186677 132186893 132186894 132187907
AGLU: 133862413 133862414 133863086 133863599 133863652 133868088 133877406 133878185 133879559 133879560 133879643 133879650 133879656
QSU: 111984348 111984351 111984352 111984353 111984354 111988686 111999310 112000640 112029397 112029583 112029584 112032023
QLO: 115957665 115988421 115988911 115989778 115989779 115989780 115989781 115989786 115991553 115992905 115993033 115993103
TWL: 119986645 119991856 119996392 119998230 120005806 120007835 120010185 120010891 120014597 120016340
VVI: 100246387 100249623 100251248 100251443 100252187 100254746 100256581 100259856 100261496 100265044
VRI: 117909133 117909134 117909135 117921480 117922024 117922025 117922026 117922027 117922028 117922033 117922888 117923539 117923540
SLY: 100529100(TTS2) 100529102(lTTS1) 101262591(OSC2)
SPEN: 107005696 107005698
SOT: 102591877 102592553 102593367 102593690 102600538
SSTN: 125850184 125852109 125852112 125862054 125863368
SDUL: 129870822
CANN: 107841181 107841772 107841773 107841775 107841776 107841780 107856119
LBB: 132636730 132636731 132636732
NTA: 107762202 107762781 107770515 107804056
NSY: 104229110 104229111
NTO: 104088725 104106203
NAU: 109226501 109226503 109239410
INI: 109156437 109183903 109183911
ITR: 115998581 116002437
SIND: 105167784 105173656
OEU: 111377143 111409925 111411935
EGT: 105956335
SSPL: 121750224 121792459
SMIL: 131020649 131020807
SHIS: 125222443
APAN: 127252434 127260932
HAN: 110899433 110930222 110930250
ECAD: 122599088
LSV: 111884163 111918115 111918118 111918119 111918120 111918121 128126722 128126723 128126724 128126725
CCAV: 112527373 112527442 112528193
DCR: 108192236 108218800 108223283
CSIN: 114265759 114265761 114265762 114300891
RVL: 131322416 131325952
AEW: 130757670 130757740
DLT: 127792801
BVG: 104908690
SOE: 110779736
CQI: 110687932 110687933 110726758 110726782 110726783 110726784 110731879
ATRI: 130814282 130814283
MOF: 131157465
NNU: 104589211
MING: 122070630
TSS: 122661972
PSOM: 113353971 113358745
 » show all
Reference
1
  Authors
Abe I Ebizuka Y, Seo S, Sankawa U.
  Title
Purification of squalene-2,3-epoxide cyclases from cell suspension cultures of Rabdosia japonica Hara.
  Journal
FEBS Lett 249:100-104 (1989)
Reference
2
  Authors
Abe I, Sankawa U, Ebizuka Y.
  Title
Purification of 2,3-oxdosqualene:beta-amyrin cyclase from pea seedlings.
  Journal
Chem Pharm Bull 37:536 (1989)
Reference
3  [PMID:9746369]
  Authors
Kushiro T, Shibuya M, Ebizuka Y
  Title
Beta-amyrin synthase--cloning of oxidosqualene cyclase that catalyzes the formation of the most popular triterpene among higher plants.
  Journal
Eur J Biochem 256:238-44 (1998)
DOI:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2560238.x
  Sequence
[ag:BAA33461]
Reference
4  [PMID:11510484]
  Authors
Hayashi H, Huang P, Kirakosyan A, Inoue K, Hiraoka N, Ikeshiro Y, Kushiro T, Shibuya M, Ebizuka Y
  Title
Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding beta-amyrin synthase involved in glycyrrhizin and soyasaponin biosyntheses in licorice.
  Journal
Biol Pharm Bull 24:912-6 (2001)
DOI:10.1248/bpb.24.912
  Sequence
[ag:BAA89815]
Reference
5  [PMID:11247608]
  Authors
Husselstein-Muller T, Schaller H, Benveniste P
  Title
Molecular cloning and expression in yeast of 2,3-oxidosqualene-triterpenoid cyclases from Arabidopsis thaliana.
  Journal
Plant Mol Biol 45:75-92 (2001)
DOI:10.1023/A:1006476123930
  Sequence
[ath:AT1G78960 AT1G78950]
Reference
6  [PMID:12683345]
  Authors
Iturbe-Ormaetxe I, Haralampidis K, Papadopoulou K, Osbourn AE
  Title
Molecular cloning and characterization of triterpene synthases from Medicago truncatula and Lotus japonicus.
  Journal
Plant Mol Biol 51:731-43 (2003)
DOI:10.1023/a:1022519709298
Reference
7  [PMID:12736505]
  Authors
Zhang H, Shibuya M, Yokota S, Ebizuka Y
  Title
Oxidosqualene cyclases from cell suspension cultures of Betula platyphylla var. japonica: molecular evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in higher plants.
  Journal
Biol Pharm Bull 26:642-50 (2003)
DOI:10.1248/bpb.26.642
  Sequence
[ag:BAB83088]
Reference
8  [PMID:15256745]
  Authors
Hayashi H, Huang P, Takada S, Obinata M, Inoue K, Shibuya M, Ebizuka Y
  Title
Differential expression of three oxidosqualene cyclase mRNAs in Glycyrrhiza glabra.
  Journal
Biol Pharm Bull 27:1086-92 (2004)
DOI:10.1248/bpb.27.1086
  Sequence
[ag:BAA89815]
Reference
9  [PMID:16005035]
  Authors
Kajikawa M, Yamato KT, Fukuzawa H, Sakai Y, Uchida H, Ohyama K
  Title
Cloning and characterization of a cDNA encoding beta-amyrin synthase from petroleum plant Euphorbia tirucalli L.
  Journal
Phytochemistry 66:1759-66 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.05.021
Reference
10 [PMID:17803686]
  Authors
Basyuni M, Oku H, Tsujimoto E, Kinjo K, Baba S, Takara K
  Title
Triterpene synthases from the Okinawan mangrove tribe, Rhizophoraceae.
  Journal
FEBS J 274:5028-42 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06025.x
  Sequence
[ag:BAF80443]
Reference
11 [PMID:19420748]
  Authors
Liu Y, Cai Y, Zhao Z, Wang J, Li J, Xin W, Xia G, Xiang F
  Title
Cloning and Functional Analysis of a beta-amyrin synthase gene associated with oleanolic acid biosynthesis in Gentiana straminea MAXIM.
  Journal
Biol Pharm Bull 32:818-24 (2009)
DOI:10.1248/bpb.32.818
Other DBs
ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: 5.4.99.39
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature: 5.4.99.39
ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: 5.4.99.39
BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: 5.4.99.39
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