Idiopathic macular hole is a common cause of visual impairment in people in their sixth decade or older, with a higher prevalence in females. Although existing theories of macular hole pathogenesis are constantly being changed and refined, nearly all confirm the predominant role of the vitreous in their formation. Until 1991, it was considered an untreatable condition, but now interventions are carried out to close the hole and thereby improve the central visual defect. Initially, vitrectomy surgery with long-acting gas (SF6, C3F8) and postoperative face-down positioning for at least 1 week was the only option. However, nowadays, there are a number of possible treatment choices including ocriplasmin treatment.
