KEGG   PATHWAY: ko00121
Entry
ko00121                     Pathway                                
Name
Secondary bile acid biosynthesis
Description
The secondary bile acids are derived from the primary bile acids by the enzymatic action of intestinal bacteria through the process of deconjugation and dehydroxylation. The secondary bile acids in humans include deoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid, formed from the 7alpha-dehydroxylation of cholic acid and chenodeoxycholic acid, respectively.
Class
Metabolism; Lipid metabolism
Pathway map
ko00121  Secondary bile acid biosynthesis
ko00121

Orthology
K01442  choloylglycine hydrolase [EC:3.5.1.24]
K00076  7-alpha-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.159]
K23231  7beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (NADP+) [EC:1.1.1.201]
K22604  3alpha-hydroxycholanate dehydrogenase (NAD+) [EC:1.1.1.52]
K22605  3alpha-hydroxycholanate dehydrogenase (NADP+) [EC:1.1.1.392]
K22606  3beta-hydroxycholanate 3-dehydrogenase (NAD+) [EC:1.1.1.391]
K22607  3beta-hydroxycholanate 3-dehydrogenase (NADP+) [EC:1.1.1.393]
K15868  bile acid-coenzyme A ligase [EC:6.2.1.7]
K15871  bile acid CoA-transferase [EC:2.8.3.25]
K15869  3alpha-hydroxy bile acid-CoA-ester 3-dehydrogenase [EC:1.1.1.395]
K15870  3-oxocholoyl-CoA 4-desaturase [EC:1.3.1.115]
K15872  bile-acid 7alpha-dehydratase [EC:4.2.1.106]
K15873  7beta-hydroxy-3-oxochol-24-oyl-CoA 4-desaturase [EC:1.3.1.116]
K15874  bile acid 7beta-dehydratase
K07007  3-dehydro-bile acid Delta4,6-reductase [EC:1.3.1.114]
Compound
C00695  Cholic acid
C01921  Glycocholate
C02528  Chenodeoxycholate
C03990  Lithocholic acid
C04483  Deoxycholic acid
C05122  Taurocholate
C05337  Chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA
C05465  Taurochenodeoxycholate
C05466  Glycochenodeoxycholate
C07880  Ursodiol
C15515  Murideoxycholate
C15517  Hyodeoxycholate
C17644  Ursocholate
C17646  12-Epideoxycholic acid
C17647  alpha-Muricholate
C17649  Hyocholate
C17650  Vulpecholate
C17651  alpha-Phocaecholic acid
C17654  beta-Phocaecholate
C17657  Bitocholate
C17658  Isolithocholate
C17660  Isochenodeoxycholate
C17662  Isoursodeoxycholate
C17664  Allochenodeoxycholate
C17667  Avicholate
C17668  Haemulcholate
C17687  Allodeoxycholate
C17689  Ursodeoxycholoyl-CoA
C17726  beta-Muricholate
C17727  omega-Muricholate
C17737  Allocholic acid
C20865  3beta,12alpha-Dihydroxy-5beta-cholanoate
C20866  Alloavicholate
C20867  Avideoxycholate
C20868  Cygnocholate
C21449  Lithocholoyl-CoA
Reference
PMID:18488143
  Authors
Hofmann AF, Hagey LR
  Title
Bile acids: chemistry, pathochemistry, biology, pathobiology, and therapeutics.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 65:2461-83 (2008)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-008-7568-6
Reference
PMID:16299351
  Authors
Ridlon JM, Kang DJ, Hylemon PB
  Title
Bile salt biotransformations by human intestinal bacteria.
  Journal
J Lipid Res 47:241-59 (2006)
DOI:10.1194/jlr.R500013-JLR200
Reference
PMID:19464381
  Authors
Ridlon JM, Kang DJ, Hylemon PB
  Title
Isolation and characterization of a bile acid inducible 7alpha-dehydroxylating operon in Clostridium hylemonae TN271.
  Journal
Anaerobe 16:137-46 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2009.05.004
Reference
PMID:18047844
  Authors
Kang DJ, Ridlon JM, Moore DR 2nd, Barnes S, Hylemon PB
  Title
Clostridium scindens baiCD and baiH genes encode stereo-specific 7alpha/7beta-hydroxy-3-oxo-delta4-cholenoic acid oxidoreductases.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1781:16-25 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbalip.2007.10.008
Reference
PMID:16061950
  Authors
Moschetta A, Xu F, Hagey LR, van Berge-Henegouwen GP, van Erpecum KJ, Brouwers JF, Cohen JC, Bierman M, Hobbs HH, Steinbach JH, Hofmann AF
  Title
A phylogenetic survey of biliary lipids in vertebrates.
  Journal
J Lipid Res 46:2221-32 (2005)
DOI:10.1194/jlr.M500178-JLR200
Related
pathway
ko00120  Primary bile acid biosynthesis
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