KEGG PATHWAY: ko03070

PATHWAY: ko03070

Entry

ko03070                     Pathway

Name

Bacterial secretion system

Description

Gram-negative bacteria secrete a wide range of proteins whose functions include biogenesis of organelles, such as pilli and flagella, nutrient acquisition, virulence, and efflux of drugs and other toxins. Six distinct secretion systems have been shown to mediate protein export through the inner and outer membranes of Gram-negative bacteria. These pathways are highly conserved throughout the Gram-negative bacterial species. In Gram-positive bacteria, secreted proteins are commonly translocated across the single membrane by the Sec pathway or the two-arginine (Tat) pathway.

Class

Environmental Information Processing; Membrane transport

Pathway map

ko03070

Bacterial secretion system

Other DBs

GO:	0030253 0015628 0030254 0030255 0046819 0033103 0044098 0043952 0043953

Orthology

K12340

outer membrane protein

K11003

membrane fusion protein, hemolysin D

K11004

ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B, bacterial HlyB/CyaB

K03221

type III secretion protein F

K04056

type III secretion protein O

K04057

type III secretion protein P

K04059

type III secretion protein X

K03219

type III secretion protein C

K04058

type III secretion protein W

K03222

type III secretion protein J

K03226

type III secretion protein R

K03227

type III secretion protein S

K03228

type III secretion protein T

K03229

type III secretion protein U

K03230

type III secretion protein V

K03224

ATP synthase in type III secretion protein N [EC:7.4.2.8]

K03225

type III secretion protein Q

K03223

type III secretion protein L

K02453

general secretion pathway protein D

K02465

general secretion pathway protein S

K02452

general secretion pathway protein C

K02455

general secretion pathway protein F

K02456

general secretion pathway protein G

K02457

general secretion pathway protein H

K02458

general secretion pathway protein I

K02459

general secretion pathway protein J

K02460

general secretion pathway protein K

K02461

general secretion pathway protein L

K02462

general secretion pathway protein M

K02454

general secretion pathway protein E [EC:7.4.2.8]

K02464

general secretion pathway protein O [EC:3.4.23.43 2.1.1.-]

K03072

preprotein translocase subunit SecD

K12257

SecD/SecF fusion protein

K03074

preprotein translocase subunit SecF

K03073

preprotein translocase subunit SecE

K03075

preprotein translocase subunit SecG

K03076

preprotein translocase subunit SecY

K03210

preprotein translocase subunit YajC

K03217

YidC/Oxa1 family membrane protein insertase

K03070

preprotein translocase subunit SecA [EC:7.4.2.8]

K13301

secretion monitor

K03110

fused signal recognition particle receptor

K03071

preprotein translocase subunit SecB

K03106

signal recognition particle subunit SRP54 [EC:3.6.5.4]

K03116

sec-independent protein translocase protein TatA

K03117

sec-independent protein translocase protein TatB

K03118

sec-independent protein translocase protein TatC

K03425

sec-independent protein translocase protein TatE

K11028

vacuolating cytotoxin

K11017

hemolysin activation/secretion protein

K11016

hemolysin

K12341

adhesin YadA

K12342

adhesin YadB/C

K03194

type IV secretion system protein VirB1

K03197

type IV secretion system protein VirB2

K03198

type IV secretion system protein VirB3

K03200

type IV secretion system protein VirB5

K03202

type IV secretion system protein VirB7

K03204

type IV secretion system protein VirB9

K03201

type IV secretion system protein VirB6

K03203

type IV secretion system protein VirB8

K03195

type IV secretion system protein VirB10

K03199

type IV secretion system protein VirB4 [EC:7.4.2.8]

K03196

type IV secretion system protein VirB11 [EC:7.4.2.8]

K03205

type IV secretion system protein VirD4 [EC:7.4.2.8]

K11904

type VI secretion system secreted protein VgrG

K11903

type VI secretion system secreted protein Hcp

K11906

type VI secretion system protein VasD

K11891

type VI secretion system protein ImpL

K11892

type VI secretion system protein ImpK

K11907

type VI secretion system protein VasG

K11912

serine/threonine-protein kinase PpkA [EC:2.7.11.1]

K11913

type VI secretion system protein

K11915

serine/threonine protein phosphatase Stp1 [EC:3.1.3.16]

Compound

C00002

ATP

Reference

PMID:11173102

Authors

Kim JF.

Title

Revisiting the chlamydial type III protein secretion system: clues to the origin of type III protein secretion.

Journal

Trends Genet 17:65-9 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0168-9525(00)02175-2

Reference

PMID:11309112

Authors

Plano GV, Day JB, Ferracci F.

Title

Type III export: new uses for an old pathway.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 40:284-93 (2001)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02354.x

Reference

PMID:11413015

Authors

Gauthier A, Finlay BB.

Title

Bacterial pathogenesis: the answer to virulence is in the pore.

Journal

Curr Biol 11:R264-7 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00134-8

Reference

PMID:10047550

Authors

Burns DL.

Title

Biochemistry of type IV secretion.

Journal

Curr Opin Microbiol 2:25-9 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S1369-5274(99)80004-6

Reference

PMID:10920394

Authors

Christie PJ, Vogel JP.

Title

Bacterial type IV secretion: conjugation systems adapted to deliver effector molecules to host cells.

Journal

Trends Microbiol 8:354-60 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S0966-842X(00)01792-3

Reference

PMID:11309113

Authors

Christie PJ.

Title

Type IV secretion: intercellular transfer of macromolecules by systems ancestrally related to conjugation machines.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 40:294-305 (2001)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02302.x

Reference

PMID:10481178

Authors

Nunn D.

Title

Bacterial type II protein export and pilus biogenesis: more than just homologies?

Journal

Trends Cell Biol 9:402-8 (1999)
DOI:10.1016/S0962-8924(99)01634-7

Reference

PMID:11309111

Authors

Sandkvist M.

Title

Biology of type II secretion.

Journal

Mol Microbiol 40:271-83 (2001)
DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02403.x

Reference

PMID:11349009

Authors

Sandkvist M.

Title

Type II secretion and pathogenesis.

Journal

Infect Immun 69:3523-35 (2001)
DOI:10.1128/IAI.69.6.3523-3535.2001

Reference

PMID:15546664

Authors

Delepelaire P

Title

Type I secretion in gram-negative bacteria.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1694:149-61 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2004.05.001

Reference

PMID:18406342

Authors

Hazes B, Frost L

Title

Towards a systems biology approach to study type II/IV secretion systems.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1778:1839-50 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.03.011

Reference

PMID:16448494

Authors

Johnson TL, Abendroth J, Hol WG, Sandkvist M

Title

Type II secretion: from structure to function.

Journal

FEMS Microbiol Lett 255:175-86 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1574-6968.2006.00102.x

Reference

PMID:15546665

Authors

Filloux A

Title

The underlying mechanisms of type II protein secretion.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1694:163-79 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2004.05.003

Reference

PMID:19396170

Authors

Spreter T, Yip CK, Sanowar S, Andre I, Kimbrough TG, Vuckovic M, Pfuetzner RA, Deng W, Yu AC, Finlay BB, Baker D, Miller SI, Strynadka NC

Title

A conserved structural motif mediates formation of the periplasmic rings in the type III secretion system.

Journal

Nat Struct Mol Biol 16:468-76 (2009)
DOI:10.1038/nsmb.1603

Reference

PMID:15590783

Authors

Ghosh P

Title

Process of protein transport by the type III secretion system.

Journal

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 68:771-95 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/MMBR.68.4.771-795.2004

Reference

PMID:12360191

Authors

Cornelis GR

Title

The Yersinia Ysc-Yop 'type III' weaponry.

Journal

Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 3:742-52 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/nrm932

Reference

PMID:17215876

Authors

Baron C

Title

VirB8: a conserved type IV secretion system assembly factor and drug target.

Journal

Biochem Cell Biol 84:890-9 (2006)
DOI:10.1139/o06-148

Reference

PMID:17943123

Authors

Kwok T, Zabler D, Urman S, Rohde M, Hartig R, Wessler S, Misselwitz R, Berger J, Sewald N, Konig W, Backert S

Title

Helicobacter exploits integrin for type IV secretion and kinase activation.

Journal

Nature 449:862-6 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/nature06187

Reference

PMID:16092524

Authors

Christie PJ, Cascales E

Title

Structural and dynamic properties of bacterial type IV secretion systems (review).

Journal

Mol Membr Biol 22:51-61 (2005)
DOI:10.1080/09687860500063316

Reference

PMID:15546668

Authors

Christie PJ

Title

Type IV secretion: the Agrobacterium VirB/D4 and related conjugation systems.

Journal

Biochim Biophys Acta 1694:219-34 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2004.02.013

Reference

PMID:15590781

Authors

Henderson IR, Navarro-Garcia F, Desvaux M, Fernandez RC, Ala'Aldeen D

Title

Type V protein secretion pathway: the autotransporter story.

Journal

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 68:692-744 (2004)
DOI:10.1128/MMBR.68.4.692-744.2004

Reference

PMID:9778731

Authors

Henderson IR, Navarro-Garcia F, Nataro JP

Title

The great escape: structure and function of the autotransporter proteins.

Journal

Trends Microbiol 6:370-8 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0966-842X(98)01318-3

Reference

PMID:18524912

Authors

Filloux A, Hachani A, Bleves S

Title

The bacterial type VI secretion machine: yet another player for protein transport across membranes.

Journal

Microbiology 154:1570-83 (2008)
DOI:10.1099/mic.0.2008/016840-0

Reference

PMID:19251641

Authors

Leiman PG, Basler M, Ramagopal UA, Bonanno JB, Sauder JM, Pukatzki S, Burley SK, Almo SC, Mekalanos JJ

Title

Type VI secretion apparatus and phage tail-associated protein complexes share a common evolutionary origin.

Journal

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 106:4154-9 (2009)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0813360106

Reference

PMID:17603507

Authors

Kulasekara HD, Miller SI

Title

Threonine phosphorylation times bacterial secretion.

Journal

Nat Cell Biol 9:734-6 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/ncb0707-734

Reference

PMID:18078384

Authors

Driessen AJ, Nouwen N

Title

Protein translocation across the bacterial cytoplasmic membrane.

Journal

Annu Rev Biochem 77:643-67 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.biochem.77.061606.160747

Reference

PMID:14641032

Authors

Pool MR

Title

Getting to the membrane: how is co-translational protein targeting to the endoplasmic reticulum regulated?

Journal

Biochem Soc Trans 31:1232-7 (2003)
DOI:10.1042/bst0311232

Reference

PMID:19299134

Authors

Desvaux M, Hebraud M, Talon R, Henderson IR

Title

Secretion and subcellular localizations of bacterial proteins: a semantic awareness issue.

Journal

Trends Microbiol 17:139-45 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.tim.2009.01.004

Reference

PMID:15063851

Authors

Nakatogawa H, Murakami A, Ito K

Title

Control of SecA and SecM translation by protein secretion.

Journal

Curr Opin Microbiol 7:145-50 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.mib.2004.01.001

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