KEGG   PATHWAY: ko04626
Entry
ko04626                     Pathway                                
Name
Plant-pathogen interaction
Description
Plants lack animal-like adaptive immunity mechanisms, and therefore have evolved a specific system with multiple layers against invading pathogens. The primary response includes the perception of pathogens by cell-surface pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and is referred to as PAMP-triggered immunity (PTI). Activation of FLS2 and EFR triggers MAPK signaling pathway that activates defense genes for antimictobial compounds. The increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration is also a regulator for production of reactive oxygen species and localized programmed cell death/hypersensitive response. The secondary response is called effector-triggered immunity (ETI). Pathogens can acquire the ability to suppress PTI by directly injecting effector proteins into the plant cell through secretion systems. In addition, pathogens can manipulate plant hormone signaling pathways to evade host immune responses using coronatine toxin. Some plants possess specific intracellular surveillance proteins (R proteins) to monitor the presence of pathogen virulence proteins. This ETI occurs with localized programmed cell death to arrest pathogen growth, resulting in cultivar-specific disease resistance.
Class
Organismal Systems; Environmental adaptation
Pathway map
ko04626  Plant-pathogen interaction
ko04626

Orthology
K00864  glpK, GK; glycerol kinase [EC:2.7.1.30]
K01181  Xyn, EIX; endo-1,4-beta-xylanase [EC:3.2.1.8]
K01373  CTSF; cathepsin F [EC:3.4.22.41]
K02183  CALM; calmodulin
K02358  tuf, TUFM; elongation factor Tu
K02406  fliC, hag; flagellin
K04079  HSP90A, htpG; molecular chaperone HtpG
K04368  MAP2K1, MEK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [EC:2.7.12.2]
K05391  CNGC; cyclic nucleotide gated channel, plant
K08598  yopJ; YopJ protease family
K09487  HSP90B, TRA1; heat shock protein 90kDa beta
K12340  tolC, bepC, cyaE, raxC, sapF, rsaF, hasF; outer membrane protein
K12795  SUGT1, SGT1; suppressor of G2 allele of SKP1
K13408  cvaA, mchE, raxA; membrane fusion protein
K13409  cvaB, mchF, raxB; ATP-binding cassette, subfamily B, bacterial CvaB/MchF/RaxB
K13412  CPK; calcium-dependent protein kinase [EC:2.7.11.1]
K13413  MKK4_5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4/5 [EC:2.7.12.2]
K13414  MEKK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 [EC:2.7.11.25]
K13416  BAK1; brassinosteroid insensitive 1-associated receptor kinase 1 [EC:2.7.10.1 2.7.11.1]
K13417  SERK4, BKK1; somatic embryogenesis receptor kinase 4 [EC:2.7.10.1 2.7.11.1]
K13420  FLS2; LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase FLS2 [EC:2.7.11.1]
K13423  WRKY25; WRKY transcription factor 25
K13424  WRKY33; WRKY transcription factor 33
K13425  WRKY22; WRKY transcription factor 22
K13426  WRKY29; WRKY transcription factor 29
K13427  NOA1; nitric-oxide synthase, plant [EC:1.14.13.39]
K13428  EFR; LRR receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase EFR [EC:2.7.11.1]
K13429  CERK1; chitin elicitor receptor kinase 1
K13430  PBS1; serine/threonine-protein kinase PBS1 [EC:2.7.11.1]
K13432  PTI4; pathogenesis-related genes transcriptional activator PTI4
K13433  PTI5; pathogenesis-related genes transcriptional activator PTI5
K13434  PTI6; pathogenesis-related genes transcriptional activator PTI6
K13435  PTO; serine/threonine-protein kinase Pto
K13436  PTI1; pto-interacting protein 1 [EC:2.7.11.1]
K13437  XA21; receptor kinase-like protein
K13439  avrRpt2; cysteine protease avirulence protein AvrRpt2 [EC:3.4.22.-]
K13440  avrPphB; cysteine protease avirulence protein AvrPphB [EC:3.4.22.-]
K13441  RCR3; cysteine protease
K13445  AVR9; race-specific elicitor A9
K13446  CF9; disease resistance protein
K13447  RBOH; respiratory burst oxidase [EC:1.6.3.- 1.11.1.-]
K13448  CML; calcium-binding protein CML
K13449  PR1; pathogenesis-related protein 1
K13450  ospF, mkaD, spvC; phosphothreonine lyase [EC:4.2.3.-]
K13451  avrPto1; type III effector protein AvrPto1
K13452  hopAB, avrPtoB; effector protein HopAB [EC:6.3.2.-]
K13453  PRF; disease resistance protein
K13454  avrRpm1; type III effector protein AvrRpm1
K13455  avrXccC, avrB; avirulence protein
K13456  RIN4; RPM1-interacting protein 4
K13457  RPM1, RPS3; disease resistance protein RPM1
K13458  RAR1; disease resistance protein
K13459  RPS2; disease resistance protein RPS2
K13460  RPS5; disease resistance protein RPS5
K13466  EIX1_2; EIX receptor 1/2
K13467  AVR2; Avr2 protein
K13468  K13468, CF2; disease resistance protein
K13469  AVR4; race-specific elicitor A4
K13470  CF4; disease resistance protein
K13471  CF5; disease resistance protein
K13472  raxST; sulfotransferase
K13473  CEBIP; chitin elicitor-binding protein
K13474  A10; AvrA10 protein
K13475  MLA10; R protein MLA10
K13476  AvrL567; AvrL567 protein
K13477  L6; R protein L6
K13478  popP2; type III effector protein PopP2
K14512  MPK6; mitogen-activated protein kinase 6 [EC:2.7.11.24]
K15397  KCS; 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase [EC:2.3.1.199]
K16224  FRK1; senescence-induced receptor-like serine/threonine-protein kinase
K16225  WRKY52, RRS1; probable WRKY transcription factor 52
K16226  RPS4; disease resistance protein RPS4
K18834  WRKY1; WRKY transcription factor 1
K18835  WRKY2; WRKY transcription factor 2
K18873  PIK1; pathogen-induced protein kinase
K18874  avrRps4; type III effector protein AvrRps4
K18875  EDS1; enhanced disease susceptibility 1 protein
K18876  avrBs3; type III effector protein AvrBs3
K18877  BS3; disease resistance protein
K18878  UPA20; BHLH transcription factor Upa20
K18879  xopD; type III effector protein XopD
K18880  ECI3, HCD1; Delta3-Delta2-enoyl-CoA isomerase [EC:5.3.3.8]
K20536  MPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 [EC:2.7.11.24]
K20600  MPK4; mitogen-activated protein kinase 4 [EC:2.7.11.24]
K23865  MYB30; transcription factor MYB30
K23866  hopD2; effector protein HopD2
K27629  CNGC17; cyclic nucleotide gated channel 17
Compound
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00076  Calcium cation
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00704  Superoxide
C16844  Hydroxyl radical
Reference
PMID:18206360
  Authors
Zipfel C
  Title
Pattern-recognition receptors in plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Curr Opin Immunol 20:10-6 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.coi.2007.11.003
Reference
PMID:19748302
  Authors
Chinchilla D, Shan L, He P, de Vries S, Kemmerling B
  Title
One for all: the receptor-associated kinase BAK1.
  Journal
Trends Plant Sci 14:535-41 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.tplants.2009.08.002
Reference
PMID:19423812
  Authors
Boller T, He SY
  Title
Innate immunity in plants: an arms race between pattern recognition receptors in plants and effectors in microbial pathogens.
  Journal
Science 324:742-4 (2009)
DOI:10.1126/science.1171647
Reference
PMID:19794842
  Authors
Ma W, Smigel A, Verma R, Berkowitz GA
  Title
Cyclic nucleotide gated channels and related signaling components in plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Plant Signal Behav 4:277-82 (2009)
DOI:10.4161/psb.4.4.8103
Reference
PMID:11875555
  Authors
Asai T, Tena G, Plotnikova J, Willmann MR, Chiu WL, Gomez-Gomez L, Boller T, Ausubel FM, Sheen J
  Title
MAP kinase signalling cascade in Arabidopsis innate immunity.
  Journal
Nature 415:977-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415977a
Reference
PMID:15922649
  Authors
Zipfel C, Felix G
  Title
Plants and animals: a different taste for microbes?
  Journal
Curr Opin Plant Biol 8:353-60 (2005)
DOI:10.1016/j.pbi.2005.05.004
Reference
PMID:17451411
  Authors
He P, Shan L, Sheen J
  Title
Elicitation and suppression of microbe-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity in plant-microbe interactions.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:1385-96 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00944.x
Reference
PMID:17876517
  Authors
de Wit PJ
  Title
How plants recognize pathogens and defend themselves.
  Journal
Cell Mol Life Sci 64:2726-32 (2007)
DOI:10.1007/s00018-007-7284-7
Reference
PMID:16497589
  Authors
Chisholm ST, Coaker G, Day B, Staskawicz BJ
  Title
Host-microbe interactions: shaping the evolution of the plant immune response.
  Journal
Cell 124:803-14 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2006.02.008
Reference
PMID:16677430
  Authors
McHale L, Tan X, Koehl P, Michelmore RW
  Title
Plant NBS-LRR proteins: adaptable guards.
  Journal
Genome Biol 7:212 (2006)
DOI:10.1186/gb-2006-7-4-212
Reference
PMID:11459065
  Authors
Dangl JL, Jones JD
  Title
Plant pathogens and integrated defence responses to infection.
  Journal
Nature 411:826-33 (2001)
DOI:10.1038/35081161
Reference
PMID:17108957
  Authors
Jones JD, Dangl JL
  Title
The plant immune system.
  Journal
Nature 444:323-9 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nature05286
Reference
PMID:16697674
  Authors
da Cunha L, McFall AJ, Mackey D
  Title
Innate immunity in plants: a continuum of layered defenses.
  Journal
Microbes Infect 8:1372-81 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.micinf.2005.12.018
Reference
PMID:15862106
  Authors
Mudgett MB
  Title
New insights to the function of phytopathogenic bacterial type III effectors in plants.
  Journal
Annu Rev Plant Biol 56:509-31 (2005)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.56.032604.144218
Reference
PMID:17714518
  Authors
Ma W, Berkowitz GA
  Title
The grateful dead: calcium and cell death in plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Cell Microbiol 9:2571-85 (2007)
DOI:10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.01031.x
Reference
PMID:14711430
  Authors
Schulze-Lefert P
  Title
Plant immunity: the origami of receptor activation.
  Journal
Curr Biol 14:R22-4 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2003.12.017
Reference
PMID:9868361
  Authors
Van der Biezen EA, Jones JD
  Title
Plant disease-resistance proteins and the gene-for-gene concept.
  Journal
Trends Biochem Sci 23:454-6 (1998)
DOI:10.1016/S0968-0004(98)01311-5
Reference
PMID:16936700
  Authors
Abramovitch RB, Anderson JC, Martin GB
  Title
Bacterial elicitation and evasion of plant innate immunity.
  Journal
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 7:601-11 (2006)
DOI:10.1038/nrm1984
Related
pathway
ko03070  Bacterial secretion system
ko04144  Endocytosis

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