KEGG   PATHWAY: spo00563
Entry
spo00563                    Pathway                                
Name
Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis - Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast)
Description
Cell surface proteins can be attached to the cell membrane via the glycolipid structure called glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. Hundreds of GPI-anchored proteins have been identified in many eukaryotes ranging from protozoa and fungi to mammals. All protein-linked GPI anchors share a common core structure, characterized by the substructure Man (a1-4) GlcN (a1-6) myo-inositol-1P-lipid. Biosynthesis of GPI anchors proceeds in three stages: (i) preassembly of a GPI precursor in the ER membrane, (ii) attachment of the GPI to the C-terminus of a newly synthesized protein in the lumen of the ER, and (iii) lipid remodeling and/or carbohydrate side-chain modifications in the ER and the Golgi. Defects of GPI anchor biosynthesis gene result in a genetic disorder, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.
Class
Metabolism; Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism
Pathway map
spo00563  Glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchor biosynthesis
spo00563

Other DBs
GO: 0006506
Organism
Schizosaccharomyces pombe (fission yeast) [GN:spo]
Gene
SPBC3D6.07  gpi3; putative pig-A family phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit Gpi3 [KO:K03857] [EC:2.4.1.198]
SPCC550.04c  gpi2; putative pig-C family GPI synthesis protein [KO:K03859]
SPBC685.05  gpi15; putative pig-H family GPI synthesis protein [KO:K03858]
SPAC22A12.13  mug84; putative pig-P phosphatidylinositol N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase subunit [KO:K03861]
SPBC30D10.11  gpi1; pig-Q [KO:K03860]
SPBC21B10.11  dpm2; putative dolichol-phosphate mannosyltransferase subunit 2 [KO:K09658]
SPAPB2B4.01c  gpi12; putative pig-L family GPI synthesis protein [KO:K03434] [EC:3.5.1.89]
SPAC144.10c  gwt1; pig-W [KO:K05283] [EC:2.3.-.-]
SPBC13E7.05  gpi14; putative pig-M family mannosyltransferase [KO:K05284] [EC:2.4.1.-]
SPAC18B11.05  gpi18; putative dolichyl-phosphate-mannose--glycolipid alpha-mannosyltransferase PIGV [KO:K07542] [EC:2.4.1.-]
SPBC839.08c  its8; putative pig-N family GPI synthesis protein [KO:K05285] [EC:2.7.-.-]
SPCC16A11.06c  gpi10; putative pig-B family GPI synthesis protein [KO:K05286] [EC:2.4.1.-]
SPBC27B12.06  gpi13; putative pig-O family ethanolamine phosphate transferase [KO:K05288] [EC:2.7.-.-]
SPAC13G6.03  gpi7; putative GPI anchor biosynthesis protein Gpi7 [KO:K05310] [EC:2.7.-.-]
SPAC1002.11  gaa1; putative GPI-anchor transamidase complex subunit Gaa1 [KO:K05289]
SPCC11E10.02c  gpi8; pig-K [KO:K05290]
SPBC1604.15  gpi16; putative pig-T family GPI synthesis protein [KO:K05292]
SPAC1952.01  putative Pig-U family GPI transamidase subunit [KO:K05293]
SPAC824.02  putative GPI inositol deacylase [KO:K05294] [EC:3.-.-.-]
SPAC630.12  putative lipid phosphatase [KO:K23362] [EC:3.1.-.-]
SPAC4G8.12c  putative alpha-1,2-mannosyltransferase [KO:K08098] [EC:2.4.1.-]
Compound
C00154  Palmitoyl-CoA
C00346  Ethanolamine phosphate
C00350  Phosphatidylethanolamine
C01194  1-Phosphatidyl-D-myo-inositol
G00143   
G00144   
G00145   
G00146   
G00148   
G00149   
G10610  UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine
G10617  Dolichyl phosphate D-mannose
G12396  6-(alpha-D-glucosaminyl)-1D-myo-inositol
G13044   
G13046   
G13128   
G13150   
G13151   
G13152   
Reference
PMID:12655644
  Authors
Eisenhaber B, Maurer-Stroh S, Novatchkova M, Schneider G, Eisenhaber F.
  Title
Enzymes and auxiliary factors for GPI lipid anchor biosynthesis and post-translational transfer to proteins.
  Journal
Bioessays 25:367-85 (2003)
DOI:10.1002/bies.10254
Reference
PMID:11102867
  Authors
Kinoshita T, Inoue N.
  Title
Dissecting and manipulating the pathway for glycosylphos-phatidylinositol-anchor biosynthesis.
  Journal
Curr Opin Chem Biol 4:632-8 (2000)
DOI:10.1016/S1367-5931(00)00151-4
Reference
PMID:8253761
  Authors
Fankhauser C, Homans SW, Thomas-Oates JE, McConville MJ, Desponds C, Conzelmann A, Ferguson MA.
  Title
Structures of glycosylphosphatidylinositol membrane anchors from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 268:26365-74 (1993)
Reference
PMID:14517336
  Authors
Murakami Y, Siripanyapinyo U, Hong Y, Kang JY, Ishihara S, Nakakuma H, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T.
  Title
PIG-W is critical for inositol acylation but not for flipping of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchor.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 14:4285-95 (2003)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.E03-03-0193
Reference
PMID:10329735
  Authors
Benachour A, Sipos G, Flury I, Reggiori F, Canivenc-Gansel E, Vionnet C, Conzelmann A, Benghezal M.
  Title
Deletion of GPI7, a yeast gene required for addition of a side chain to the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) core structure, affects GPI protein transport, remodeling, and cell wall integrity.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 274:15251-61 (1999)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.274.21.15251
Reference
PMID:14734546
  Authors
Tanaka S, Maeda Y, Tashima Y, Kinoshita T.
  Title
Inositol deacylation of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins is mediated by mammalian PGAP1 and yeast Bst1p.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:14256-63 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M313755200
Reference
PMID:12802054
  Authors
Hong Y, Ohishi K, Kang JY, Tanaka S, Inoue N, Nishimura J, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T.
  Title
Human PIG-U and yeast Cdc91p are the fifth subunit of GPI transamidase that attaches GPI-anchors to proteins.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 14:1780-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.E02-12-0794
Reference
PMID:12807000
  Authors
Tanaka S, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T.
  Title
[Biosynthesis of GPI-anchored proteins]
  Journal
Tanpakushitsu Kakusan Koso 48:990-6 (2003)
Reference
PMID:15623507
  Authors
Kang JY, Hong Y, Ashida H, Shishioh N, Murakami Y, Morita YS, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T.
  Title
PIG-V involved in transferring the second mannose in glycosylphosphatidylinositol.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 280:9489-97 (2005)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M413867200
Reference
PMID:15635094
  Authors
Ashida H, Hong Y, Murakami Y, Shishioh N, Sugimoto N, Kim YU, Maeda Y, Kinoshita T.
  Title
Mammalian PIG-X and yeast Pbn1p are the essential components of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-mannosyltransferase I.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 16:1439-48 (2005)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.E04-09-0802
Reference
PMID:24364251
  Authors
Fujita M
  Title
[Biosynthesis and remodeling of GPI-anchored proteins].
  Journal
Seikagaku 85:985-95 (2013)
Reference
PMID:25509331
  Authors
Kinoshita T
  Title
[Biochemistry of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchored proteins].
  Journal
Seikagaku 86:626-36 (2014)
Reference
PMID:19837036
  Authors
Fujita M, Maeda Y, Ra M, Yamaguchi Y, Taguchi R, Kinoshita T
  Title
GPI glycan remodeling by PGAP5 regulates transport of GPI-anchored proteins from the ER to the Golgi.
  Journal
Cell 139:352-65 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.cell.2009.08.040
Reference
PMID:26563290
  Authors
Kinoshita T, Fujita M
  Title
Biosynthesis of GPI-anchored proteins: special emphasis on GPI lipid remodeling.
  Journal
J Lipid Res 57:6-24 (2016)
DOI:10.1194/jlr.R063313
Related
pathway
spo00510  N-Glycan biosynthesis
spo00564  Glycerophospholipid metabolism
KO pathway
ko00563   
LinkDB

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