KEGG   PATHWAY: tcc00195
Entry
tcc00195                    Pathway                                
Name
Photosynthesis - Theobroma cacao (cacao)
Description
Photosynthesis in green plants and specialized bacteria is the process of utilizing light energy to synthesize organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water. It consists of the light dependent part (light reaction) and the light independent part (dark reaction, carbon fixation). The light reaction takes place in thylakoid, a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. The light energy is used by photosystems I and II to generate proton motive force and reducing power (NADPH or NADH). The proton motive force is used by ATP synthase to generate ATP, essentially in the same way as the mitochondrial respiratory chain. The supplies of ATP and NAD(P)H are then used to fix carbon dioxide.
Class
Metabolism; Energy metabolism
Pathway map
tcc00195  Photosynthesis
tcc00195

Module
tcc_M00157  F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:tcc00195]
tcc_M00161  Photosystem II [PATH:tcc00195]
tcc_M00163  Photosystem I [PATH:tcc00195]
Organism
Theobroma cacao (cacao) [GN:tcc]
Gene
9978079  psbA; photosystem II protein D1 [KO:K02703] [EC:1.10.3.9]
9978145  psbB; photosystem II CP47 chlorophyll apoprotein [KO:K02704]
9978104  psbC; photosystem II CP43 chlorophyll apoprotein [KO:K02705]
9978103  psbD; photosystem II protein D2 [KO:K02706] [EC:1.10.3.9]
9978133  psbE; photosystem II cytochrome b559 alpha subunit [KO:K02707]
9978132  psbF; photosystem II cytochrome b559 beta subunit [KO:K02708]
9978148  psbH; photosystem II phosphoprotein [KO:K02709]
9978085  psbI; photosystem II protein I [KO:K02710]
9978130  psbJ; photosystem II protein J [KO:K02711]
9978084  psbK; photosystem II protein K [KO:K02712]
9978131  psbL; photosystem II protein L [KO:K02713]
9978098  psbM; photosystem II protein M [KO:K02714]
18611024  oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1, chloroplastic [KO:K02716]
18612203  oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 2, chloroplastic [KO:K02717]
18586194  psbP-like protein 1, chloroplastic [KO:K02717]
18610371  photosynthetic NDH subunit of lumenal location 2, chloroplastic [KO:K08901]
18593690  photosynthetic NDH subunit of lumenal location 3, chloroplastic [KO:K08901]
18597040  oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 3-2, chloroplastic [KO:K08901]
18594625  photosystem II 10 kDa polypeptide, chloroplastic [KO:K03541]
18592339  photosystem II 22 kDa protein, chloroplastic [KO:K03542]
9978146  psbT; photosystem II protein T [KO:K02718]
18600172  photosystem II reaction center W protein, chloroplastic [KO:K02721]
18613228  photosystem II reaction center W protein, chloroplastic [KO:K02721]
18609641  photosystem II core complex proteins psbY, chloroplastic [KO:K02723]
18608668  photosystem II repair protein PSB27-H1, chloroplastic [KO:K08902]
18613059  photosystem II reaction center PSB28 protein, chloroplastic [KO:K08903]
9978110  psaA; photosystem I P700 apoprotein A1 [KO:K02689] [EC:1.97.1.12]
9978109  psaB; photosystem I P700 apoprotein A2 [KO:K02690] [EC:1.97.1.12]
9978182  psaC; photosystem I subunit VII [KO:K02691] [EC:1.97.1.12]
18613337  photosystem I reaction center subunit II, chloroplastic [KO:K02692]
18602960  photosystem I reaction center subunit II, chloroplastic [KO:K02692]
18600016  photosystem I reaction center subunit IV B, chloroplastic [KO:K02693]
18613008  photosystem I reaction center subunit IV A, chloroplastic [KO:K02693]
18596364  photosystem I reaction center subunit III, chloroplastic [KO:K02694]
108662932  photosystem I reaction center subunit V, chloroplastic [KO:K08905]
18595946  photosystem I reaction center subunit VI, chloroplastic [KO:K02695]
9978126  psaI; photosystem I subunit VIII [KO:K02696]
9978139  psaJ; photosystem I subunit IX [KO:K02697]
18607074  photosystem I reaction center subunit psaK, chloroplastic [KO:K02698]
18612600  photosystem I reaction center subunit XI, chloroplastic [KO:K02699]
18599375  photosystem I reaction center subunit XI, chloroplastic [KO:K02699]
18611871  photosystem I reaction center subunit N, chloroplastic [KO:K02701]
18590265  photosystem I subunit O [KO:K14332]
9978129  petA; cytochrome f [KO:K02634]
9978149  petB; cytochrome b6 [KO:K02635]
18608589  cytochrome b6-f complex iron-sulfur subunit, chloroplastic [KO:K02636] [EC:7.1.1.6]
9978150  petD; cytochrome b6/f complex subunit IV [KO:K02637]
9978135  petG; cytochrome b6/f complex subunit V [KO:K02640]
9978097  petN; cytochrome b6/f complex subunit VIII [KO:K03689]
18591631  plastocyanin [KO:K02638]
18607827  ferredoxin-A [KO:K02639]
18602992  ferredoxin-1 [KO:K02639]
18606061  ferredoxin-1 [KO:K02639]
18590316  ferredoxin, root R-B2 [KO:K02639]
18610763  ferredoxin--NADP reductase, leaf isozyme, chloroplastic [KO:K02641] [EC:1.18.1.2]
18591567  ferredoxin--NADP reductase, leaf isozyme, chloroplastic [KO:K02641] [EC:1.18.1.2]
18595047  ferredoxin--NADP reductase, root-type isozyme, chloroplastic [KO:K02641] [EC:1.18.1.2]
18596420  cytochrome c6, chloroplastic [KO:K08906]
9978122  atpE; ATP synthase CF1 epsilon subunit [KO:K02114]
9978123  atpB; ATP synthase CF1 beta subunit [KO:K02112] [EC:7.1.2.2 7.2.2.1]
18593493  ATP synthase gamma chain 1, chloroplastic [KO:K02115]
108662922  ATP synthase gamma chain 1, chloroplastic-like [KO:K02115]
18597153  ATP synthase gamma chain, chloroplastic [KO:K02115]
9978088  atpA; ATP synthase CF1 alpha subunit [KO:K02111] [EC:7.1.2.2 7.2.2.1]
108662484  ATP synthase delta chain, chloroplastic-like [KO:K02113]
18594548  ATP synthase subunit delta, chloroplastic [KO:K02113]
108663492  ATP synthase subunit b', chloroplastic [KO:K02109]
9978089  atpF; ATP synthase CF0 subunit I [KO:K02109]
9978090  atpH; ATP synthase CF0 subunit III [KO:K02110]
9978091  atpI; ATP synthase CF0 subunit IV [KO:K02108]
Compound
C00001  H2O
C00002  ATP
C00005  NADPH
C00006  NADP+
C00007  Oxygen
C00008  ADP
C00009  Orthophosphate
C00034  Manganese
C00080  H+
C02061  Plastoquinone
C16693  Plastoquinol
Reference
PMID:14764885
  Authors
Ferreira KN, Iverson TM, Maghlaoui K, Barber J, Iwata S.
  Title
Architecture of the photosynthetic oxygen-evolving center.
  Journal
Science 303:1831-8 (2004)
DOI:10.1126/science.1093087
Reference
PMID:12518057
  Authors
Kamiya N, Shen JR.
  Title
Crystal structure of oxygen-evolving photosystem II from Thermosynechococcus vulcanus at 3.7-A resolution.
  Journal
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:98-103 (2003)
DOI:10.1073/pnas.0135651100
Reference
PMID:11217865
  Authors
Zouni A, Witt HT, Kern J, Fromme P, Krauss N, Saenger W, Orth P.
  Title
Crystal structure of photosystem II from Synechococcus elongatus at 3.8 A resolution.
  Journal
Nature 409:739-743 (2001)
DOI:10.1038/35055589
Reference
PMID:11418848
  Authors
Jordan P, Fromme P, Witt HT, Klukas O, Saenger W, Krauss N.
  Title
Three-dimensional structure of cyanobacterial photosystem I at 2.5 A resolution.
  Journal
Nature 411:909-917 (2001)
DOI:10.1038/35082000
Reference
PMID:11369223
  Authors
Jones MR, Fyfe PK.
  Title
Photosynthesis: new light on biological oxygen production.
  Journal
Curr Biol 17:R318-R321 (2001)
DOI:10.1016/S0960-9822(01)00174-9
Reference
PMID:11914373
  Authors
Shen G, Zhao J, Reimer SK, Antonkine ML, Cai Q, Weiland SM, Golbeck JH, Bryant DA.
  Title
Assembly of photosystem I. I. Inactivation of the rubA gene encoding a membrane-associated rubredoxin in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 causes a loss of photosystem I activity.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 277:20343-54 (2002)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M201103200
Related
pathway
tcc00196  Photosynthesis - antenna proteins
tcc00710  Carbon fixation by Calvin cycle
KO pathway
ko00195   
LinkDB

DBGET integrated database retrieval system