KEGG   PATHWAY: ajm05030
Entry
ajm05030                    Pathway                                
Name
Cocaine addiction - Artibeus jamaicensis (Jamaican fruit-eating bat)
Description
Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing disorder in which compulsive drug-seeking and drug-taking behavior persists despite serious negative consequences.There is strong evidence that the dopaminergic system that projects from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain to the nucleus accumbens (NAc), and to other forebrain sites, is the major substrate of reward and reinforcement for both natural rewards and addictive drugs. Cocaine binds strongly to the dopamine-reuptake transporter, preventing the reuptake of dopamine into the nerve terminal. Because of this blocking effect, dopamine remains at high concentrations in the synapse and continues to affect adjacent neurons, producing the characteristic cocaine "high." Activated D1 receptor activates the PKA signaling pathway, and this pathway plays a critical role in mediating the behavioral responses to cocaine administration. Cocaine-induced neuroadaptations, including dopamine depletion, may underlie craving and hedonic dysregulation.
Class
Human Diseases; Substance dependence
Pathway map
ajm05030  Cocaine addiction
ajm05030

Other DBs
GO: 0042220
Organism
Artibeus jamaicensis (Jamaican fruit-eating bat) [GN:ajm]
Gene
119057534  TH; tyrosine 3-monooxygenase [KO:K00501] [EC:1.14.16.2]
119057328  DDC; aromatic-L-amino-acid decarboxylase isoform X1 [KO:K01593] [EC:4.1.1.28 4.1.1.105]
119040044  SLC18A2; synaptic vesicular amine transporter [KO:K08155]
119054713  SLC18A1; chromaffin granule amine transporter isoform X1 [KO:K08155]
119042157  MAOB; amine oxidase [flavin-containing] B isoform X1 [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
119042158  amine oxidase [flavin-containing] A-like [KO:K00274] [EC:1.4.3.4]
119043343  SLC6A3; sodium-dependent dopamine transporter [KO:K05036]
119036243  DRD1; D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
119046202  D(1A) dopamine receptor-like [KO:K04144]
119065577  D(1A) dopamine receptor [KO:K04144]
119055313  GNAS; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(s) subunit alpha isoforms XLas isoform X1 [KO:K04632]
119055349  neuroendocrine secretory protein 55-like [KO:K04632]
119036693  GRM2; metabotropic glutamate receptor 2 [KO:K04605]
119036999  GRM3; metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 [KO:K04606]
119036589  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630]
119040343  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
119054511  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
119062203  DRD2; D(2) dopamine receptor [KO:K04145]
119039523  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
119062886  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
119049690  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
119036113  GPSM1; G-protein-signaling modulator 1 isoform X1 [KO:K15839]
119036274  RGS9; regulator of G-protein signaling 9 [KO:K13765]
119064343  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
119057201  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
119060217  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
119045974  activating transcription factor of chaperone-like [KO:K04374]
119061780  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
119048742  CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
119063765  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
119064485  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
119065205  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
119035286  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
119053748  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta isoform X1 [KO:K09049]
119046254  PDYN; proenkephalin-B [KO:K15840]
119049902  BDNF; brain-derived neurotrophic factor [KO:K04355]
119051654  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
119051329  FOSB; protein fosB isoform X1 [KO:K09029]
119057921  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
119050282  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
119039289  CDK5; cyclin-dependent-like kinase 5 [KO:K02090] [EC:2.7.11.22]
119047837  CDK5R1; cyclin-dependent kinase 5 activator 1 [KO:K11716]
119036136  GRIN1; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05208]
119041361  GRIN2A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2A isoform X1 [KO:K05209]
119042816  GRIN2B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2B [KO:K05210]
119065316  GRIN2C; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2C [KO:K05211]
119045219  GRIN2D; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 2D [KO:K05212]
119044846  GRIN3A; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3A [KO:K05213]
119044589  GRIN3B; glutamate receptor ionotropic, NMDA 3B [KO:K05214]
119037134  DLG4; disks large homolog 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11828]
119045766  PPP1R1B; protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 1B [KO:K15494]
119034644  GRIA2; glutamate receptor 2 [KO:K05198]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00027  Hydrogen peroxide
C00082  L-Tyrosine
C00355  3,4-Dihydroxy-L-phenylalanine
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C01161  3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetate
C03758  Dopamine
D00110  Cocaine (USP)
Reference
PMID:16278489
  Authors
Ron D, Jurd R
  Title
The "ups and downs" of signaling cascades in addiction.
  Journal
Sci STKE 2005:re14 (2005)
DOI:10.1126/stke.3092005re14
Reference
PMID:18440072
  Authors
Cunha-Oliveira T, Rego AC, Oliveira CR
  Title
Cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the neurotoxicity of opioid and psychostimulant drugs.
  Journal
Brain Res Rev 58:192-208 (2008)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2008.03.002
Reference
PMID:19403004
  Authors
Chen JC, Chen PC, Chiang YC
  Title
Molecular mechanisms of psychostimulant addiction.
  Journal
Chang Gung Med J 32:148-54 (2009)
Reference
PMID:16251986
  Authors
Nestler EJ
  Title
Is there a common molecular pathway for addiction?
  Journal
Nat Neurosci 8:1445-9 (2005)
DOI:10.1038/nn1578
Reference
PMID:15091342
  Authors
Bowers MS, McFarland K, Lake RW, Peterson YK, Lapish CC, Gregory ML, Lanier SM, Kalivas PW
  Title
Activator of G protein signaling 3: a gatekeeper of cocaine sensitization and drug seeking.
  Journal
Neuron 42:269-81 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(04)00159-X
Reference
PMID:12818179
  Authors
Rahman Z, Schwarz J, Gold SJ, Zachariou V, Wein MN, Choi KH, Kovoor A, Chen CK, DiLeone RJ, Schwarz SC, Selley DE, Sim-Selley LJ, Barrot M, Luedtke RR, Self D, Neve RL, Lester HA, Simon MI, Nestler EJ
  Title
RGS9 modulates dopamine signaling in the basal ganglia.
  Journal
Neuron 38:941-52 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0896-6273(03)00321-0
Reference
PMID:10234039
  Authors
Horger BA, Iyasere CA, Berhow MT, Messer CJ, Nestler EJ, Taylor JR
  Title
Enhancement of locomotor activity and conditioned reward to cocaine by brain-derived neurotrophic factor.
  Journal
J Neurosci 19:4110-22 (1999)
DOI:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.19-10-04110.1999
Reference
PMID:12064476
  Authors
Mash DC, Pablo J, Ouyang Q, Hearn WL, Izenwasser S
  Title
Dopamine transport function is elevated in cocaine users.
  Journal
J Neurochem 81:292-300 (2002)
DOI:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00820.x
Reference
PMID:14566342
  Authors
McClung CA, Nestler EJ
  Title
Regulation of gene expression and cocaine reward by CREB and DeltaFosB.
  Journal
Nat Neurosci 6:1208-15 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/nn1143
Reference
PMID:15582154
  Authors
McClung CA, Ulery PG, Perrotti LI, Zachariou V, Berton O, Nestler EJ
  Title
DeltaFosB: a molecular switch for long-term adaptation in the brain.
  Journal
Brain Res Mol Brain Res 132:146-54 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.molbrainres.2004.05.014
Reference
PMID:11595774
  Authors
Ang E, Chen J, Zagouras P, Magna H, Holland J, Schaeffer E, Nestler EJ
  Title
Induction of nuclear factor-kappaB in nucleus accumbens by chronic cocaine administration.
  Journal
J Neurochem 79:221-4 (2001)
DOI:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00563.x
Reference
PMID:11268215
  Authors
Bibb JA, Chen J, Taylor JR, Svenningsson P, Nishi A, Snyder GL, Yan Z, Sagawa ZK, Ouimet CC, Nairn AC, Nestler EJ, Greengard P
  Title
Effects of chronic exposure to cocaine are regulated by the neuronal protein Cdk5.
  Journal
Nature 410:376-80 (2001)
DOI:10.1038/35066591
Reference
PMID:14746512
  Authors
Chao J, Nestler EJ
  Title
Molecular neurobiology of drug addiction.
  Journal
Annu Rev Med 55:113-32 (2004)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.med.55.091902.103730
Related
pathway
ajm04728  Dopaminergic synapse
KO pathway
ko05030   
LinkDB

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