Entry Name Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells - Equus przewalskii (Przewalski's horse)
Description Many pathogenic bacteria can invade phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and colonize them intracellularly, then become disseminated to other cells. Invasive bacteria induce their own uptake by non-phagocytic host cells (e.g. epithelial cells) using two mechanisms referred to as zipper model and trigger model. Listeria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Yersinia are examples of bacteria that enter using the zipper model. These bacteria express proteins on their surfaces that interact with cellular receptors, initiating signalling cascades that result in close apposition of the cellular membrane around the entering bacteria. Shigella and Salmonella are the examples of bacteria entering cells using the trigger model. These bacteria use type III secretion systems to inject protein effectors that interact with the actin cytoskeleton.
Class Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterialBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map epz05100 Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells
Organism Equus przewalskii (Przewalski's horse) [GN:
epz ]
Gene 103542305 ELMO3; engulfment and cell motility protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K19241 ]
103546878 ARHGAP10; rho GTPase-activating protein 10 isoform X1 [KO:K13736 ]
103548220 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
103548326 ARPC1B; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B isoform X1 [KO:K05757 ]
103549076 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
103550588 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
103551868 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X2 [KO:K02649 ]
103551915 ELMO2; engulfment and cell motility protein 2 isoform X2 [KO:K18985 ]
103552150 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
103552187 MAD2L2; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2B isoform X2 [KO:K13728 ]
103553038 BCAR1; breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05726 ]
103555780 RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04392 ]
103555967 ARHGEF26; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 26 isoform X1 [KO:K13744 ]
103556334 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
103558482 CDC42; cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform X1 [KO:K04393 ]
103561467 ELMO1; engulfment and cell motility protein 1 isoform X3 [KO:K12366 ]
103561550 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K02649 ]
103564147 ARPC2; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05758 ]
Reference Authors Mostowy S, Cossart P
Title Cytoskeleton rearrangements during Listeria infection: clathrin and septins as new players in the game.
Journal Reference Authors Hauck CR, Ohlsen K
Title Sticky connections: extracellular matrix protein recognition and integrin-mediated cellular invasion by Staphylococcus aureus.
Journal Reference Authors Wang B, Li S, Dedhar S, Cleary PP
Title Paxillin phosphorylation: bifurcation point downstream of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in streptococcal invasion.
Journal Reference Authors Matsumoto H, Young GM
Title Translocated effectors of Yersinia.
Journal Reference Authors McGhie EJ, Brawn LC, Hume PJ, Humphreys D, Koronakis V
Title Salmonella takes control: effector-driven manipulation of the host.
Journal Reference Authors Iwai H, Kim M, Yoshikawa Y, Ashida H, Ogawa M, Fujita Y, Muller D, Kirikae T, Jackson PK, Kotani S, Sasakawa C
Title A bacterial effector targets Mad2L2, an APC inhibitor, to modulate host cell cycling.
Journal Related epz04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway
