Entry
Name
cGMP-PKG signaling pathway - Alexandromys fortis (reed vole)
Description
Cyclic GMP (cGMP) is the intracellular second messenger that mediates the action of nitric oxide (NO) and natriuretic peptides (NPs), regulating a broad array of physiologic processes. The elevated intracellular cGMP level exerts its physiological action through two forms of cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG), cGMP-regulated phosphodiesterases (PDE2, PDE3) and cGMP-gated cation channels, among which PKGs might be the primary mediator. PKG1 isoform-specific activation of established substrates leads to reduction of cytosolic calcium concentration and/or decrease in the sensitivity of myofilaments to Ca2+ (Ca2+-desensitization), resulting in smooth muscle relaxation. In cardiac myocyte, PKG directly phosphorylates a member of the transient potential receptor canonical channel family, TRPC6, suppressing this nonselective ion channel's Ca2+ conductance, G-alpha-q agonist-induced NFAT activation, and myocyte hypertrophic responses. PKG also opens mitochondrial ATP-sensitive K+ (mitoKATP) channels and subsequent release of ROS triggers cardioprotection.
Class
Environmental Information Processing; Signal transduction
BRITE hierarchy
Pathway map
Ortholog table
Other DBs
Organism
Alexandromys fortis (reed vole) [GN:
mfot ]
Gene
126510731 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q) subunit alpha [KO:K04634 ]
126513704 short transient receptor potential channel 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04969 ]
126491367 serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K04348 ] [EC:3.1.3.16 ]
126515387 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446 ]
126487431 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17332 ]
126502736 nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333 ]
126505446 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850 ]
126511130 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851 ]
126512843 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853 ]
126505025 voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S isoform X1 [KO:K04857 ]
126491556 calcium-activated potassium channel subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K04936 ]
126510063 sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K01538 ]
126514463 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor associated 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12337 ]
126497496 protein phosphatase 1 regulatory subunit 12A isoform X1 [KO:K06270 ]
126512093 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3-like [KO:K04630 ]
126499907 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 [KO:K04630 ]
126500134 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630 ]
126487932 guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-3 isoform X1 [KO:K04630 ]
126514078 phosphoinositide 3-kinase regulatory subunit 5 isoform X1 [KO:K21290 ]
126509080 LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 2-like [KO:K15040 ]
126508777 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870 ]
126487367 cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450 ]
126486506 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
126489302 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 [KO:K09048 ]
126489793 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
126505257 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K09048 ]
126509567 cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047 ]
Compound
C01245 D-myo-Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate
Reference
Authors
Francis SH, Busch JL, Corbin JD, Sibley D
Title
cGMP-dependent protein kinases and cGMP phosphodiesterases in nitric oxide and cGMP action.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Feil R, Kemp-Harper B
Title
cGMP signalling: from bench to bedside. Conference on cGMP generators, effectors and therapeutic implications.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Takimoto E
Title
Cyclic GMP-dependent signaling in cardiac myocytes.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Hofmann F, Feil R, Kleppisch T, Schlossmann J
Title
Function of cGMP-dependent protein kinases as revealed by gene deletion.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kuebler WM
Title
The Janus-faced regulation of endothelial permeability by cyclic GMP.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schlossmann J, Desch M
Title
IRAG and novel PKG targeting in the cardiovascular system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Murthy KS
Title
Signaling for contraction and relaxation in smooth muscle of the gut.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Sanders KM, Koh SD, Ro S, Ward SM
Title
Regulation of gastrointestinal motility--insights from smooth muscle biology.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gao Y
Title
The multiple actions of NO.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Wang X, Robinson PJ
Title
Cyclic GMP-dependent protein kinase and cellular signaling in the nervous system.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Tsai EJ, Kass DA
Title
Cyclic GMP signaling in cardiovascular pathophysiology and therapeutics.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Villanueva C, Giulivi C
Title
Subcellular and cellular locations of nitric oxide synthase isoforms as determinants of health and disease.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Schlossmann J, Hofmann F
Title
cGMP-dependent protein kinases in drug discovery.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Kass DA, Champion HC, Beavo JA
Title
Phosphodiesterase type 5: expanding roles in cardiovascular regulation.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Uckert S, Hedlund P, Andersson KE, Truss MC, Jonas U, Stief CG
Title
Update on phosphodiesterase (PDE) isoenzymes as pharmacologic targets in urology: present and future.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Yan C, Kim D, Aizawa T, Berk BC
Title
Functional interplay between angiotensin II and nitric oxide: cyclic GMP as a key mediator.
Journal
Reference
Authors
McKinsey TA, Kass DA
Title
Small-molecule therapies for cardiac hypertrophy: moving beneath the cell surface.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Koitabashi N, Aiba T, Hesketh GG, Rowell J, Zhang M, Takimoto E, Tomaselli GF, Kass DA
Title
Cyclic GMP/PKG-dependent inhibition of TRPC6 channel activity and expression negatively regulates cardiomyocyte NFAT activation Novel mechanism of cardiac stress modulation by PDE5 inhibition.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Costa AD, Pierre SV, Cohen MV, Downey JM, Garlid KD
Title
cGMP signalling in pre- and post-conditioning: the role of mitochondria.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Boengler K, Schulz R, Heusch G
Title
Loss of cardioprotection with ageing.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Gao Y, Portugal AD, Liu J, Negash S, Zhou W, Tian J, Xiang R, Longo LD, Raj JU
Title
Preservation of cGMP-induced relaxation of pulmonary veins of fetal lambs exposed to chronic high altitude hypoxia: role of PKG and Rho kinase.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Li Z, Xi X, Du X
Title
A mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathway in the activation of platelet integrin alpha IIbbeta3.
Journal
Reference
Authors
Xie J, Cha SK, An SW, Kuro-O M, Birnbaumer L, Huang CL
Title
Cardioprotection by Klotho through downregulation of TRPC6 channels in the mouse heart.
Journal
Related pathway
KO pathway
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