KEGG   PATHWAY: oas05418
Entry
oas05418                    Pathway                                
Name
Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis - Ovis aries (sheep)
Description
Shear stress represents the frictional force that the flow of blood exerts at the endothelial surface of the vessel wall and plays a central role in vascular biology and contributes to the progress of atherosclerosis. Sustained laminar flow with high shear stress upregulates expressions of endothelial cell (EC) genes and proteins that are protective against atherosclerosis. The key shear stress-induced transcription factors that govern the expression of these genes are Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-like 2 (Nrf2). On the other hand, disturbed flow with associated reciprocating, low shear stress generally upregulates the EC genes and proteins that promote oxidative and inflammatory states in the artery wall, resulting in atherogenesis. Important transcriptional events that reflect this condition of ECs in disturbed flow include the activation of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB).
Class
Human Diseases; Cardiovascular disease
Pathway map
oas05418  Fluid shear stress and atherosclerosis
oas05418

Organism
Ovis aries (sheep) [GN:oas]
Gene
100127209  HSP90AA1; heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha isoform X2 [KO:K04079]
101117797  HSP90AB1; heat shock protein HSP 90-beta [KO:K04079]
101111703  HSP90B1; endoplasmin isoform X2 [KO:K09487]
443077  NOS3; nitric oxide synthase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K13242] [EC:1.14.13.39]
445468  CAV1; caveolin-1 [KO:K06278]
100126571  CAV2; caveolin-2 [KO:K12958]
101107228  CAV3; caveolin-3 [KO:K12959]
101105840  calmodulin [KO:K02183]
443230  CALM2; calmodulin [KO:K02183]
105614854  calmodulin-alpha [KO:K02183]
101116338  CALM3; calmodulin-3 [KO:K02183]
101115216  CALM1; calmodulin-1 isoform X2 [KO:K02183]
100037684  CALML4; calmodulin-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K02183]
121820456  calmodulin-1-like [KO:K02183]
101123572  CALML6; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: calmodulin-like protein 6 [KO:K02183]
101104709  GPC1; glypican-1 isoform X2 [KO:K08107]
101106837  SDC1; syndecan-1 isoform X1 [KO:K06257]
101108398  SDC2; syndecan-2 isoform X1 [KO:K16336]
101108677  SDC4; syndecan-4 [KO:K16338]
101113534  TRPV4; transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04973]
101113845  KEAP1; kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 isoform X2 [KO:K10456]
101104966  NFE2L2; nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K05638]
101120910  HMOX1; heme oxygenase 1 [KO:K00510] [EC:1.14.14.18]
101107401  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101107831  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-like isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101108092  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101108705  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100037663  glutathione S-transferase Mu 5 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
106990219  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101112365  MGST3; glutathione S-transferase 3, mitochondrial [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
100141301  GSTA1; glutathione S-transferase A1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101115083  glutathione S-transferase omega-1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101115496  glutathione S-transferase omega-2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101116273  glutathione S-transferase omega-1-like isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101103462  MGST1; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101115574  MGST2; microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101118990  glutathione S-transferase theta-3 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101111664  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform X2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
443054  GSTA1-1; glutathione S-transferase A2 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101106720  glutathione S-transferase A1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101106976  glutathione S-transferase A4-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101107232  glutathione S-transferase A4 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101111397  glutathione S-transferase theta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
114116333  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1 [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
114108708  glutathione S-transferase Mu 1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101115543  glutathione S-transferase omega-1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
114108595  glutathione S-transferase A1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
121817434  glutathione S-transferase A1-like [KO:K00799] [EC:2.5.1.18]
105607169  glutathione S-transferase P [KO:K23790] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101120874  glutathione S-transferase P [KO:K23790] [EC:2.5.1.18]
101121876  NQO1; NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 isoform X1 [KO:K00355] [EC:1.6.5.2]
100135450  SQSTM1; sequestosome-1 [KO:K14381]
443439  TXN; thioredoxin [KO:K03671]
101121670  TXN2; thioredoxin, mitochondrial [KO:K03671]
493773  NPPC; C-type natriuretic peptide precursor [KO:K12336]
101115012  ASS1; argininosuccinate synthase isoform X2 [KO:K01940] [EC:6.3.4.5]
101103256  THBD; thrombomodulin [KO:K03907]
101118332  PLAT; tissue-type plasminogen activator [KO:K01343] [EC:3.4.21.68]
101107462  CDH5; cadherin-5 [KO:K06533]
443087  KDR; vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 precursor [KO:K05098] [EC:2.7.10.1]
100294600  CTNNB1; catenin beta-1 [KO:K02105]
100127210  PRKAA2; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-2 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
101103425  PRKAA1; 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1 isoform X1 [KO:K07198] [EC:2.7.11.31]
100303608  PECAM1; platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule isoform X7 [KO:K06471]
101109759  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101110015  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101117348  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X3 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
101123247  PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
101111546  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K02649]
101121455  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649]
101118462  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X2 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101119242  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
100294652  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
101104069  MAP2K5; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 5 isoform X9 [KO:K04463] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101110073  MAPK7; mitogen-activated protein kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04464] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101116680  MEF2A; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2A isoform X4 [KO:K09260]
100286738  MEF2C; myocyte-specific enhancer factor 2C [KO:K04454]
101118186  KLF2; Krueppel-like factor 2 [KO:K17845]
101115719  ITGA2B; integrin alpha-IIb isoform X2 [KO:K06476]
443143  ITGAV; integrin alpha-V precursor [KO:K06487]
100423047  ITGB3; integrin beta-3 isoform X2 [KO:K06493]
101103084  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101120842  PTK2; focal adhesion kinase 1 isoform X13 [KO:K05725] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101121729  ARHGEF2; rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 isoform X5 [KO:K12791]
100302078  RHOA; transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
114116812  transforming protein RhoA-like [KO:K04513]
101106246  transforming protein RhoA [KO:K04513]
443340  ACTG1; actin, cytoplasmic 2 [KO:K05692]
443052  ACTB; actin, cytoplasmic 1 [KO:K05692]
101107632  DUSP1; dual specificity protein phosphatase 1 [KO:K21278] [EC:3.1.3.16 3.1.3.48]
102465809  MIR10A; oar-miR-10a [KO:K16864]
100135698  TNFRSF1A; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 1A precursor [KO:K03158]
101103054  IL1R1; interleukin-1 receptor type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04386]
101103308  IL1R2; interleukin-1 receptor type 2 isoform X3 [KO:K04387]
101108056  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X4 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
114118284  mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7-like [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
101107332  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X3 [KO:K07210]
101111143  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
780484  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X2 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
101108228  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X2 [KO:K02580]
101102191  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
101121018  MAP3K5; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 5 isoform X2 [KO:K04426] [EC:2.7.11.25]
101115045  MAP2K4; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X3 [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100302082  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
101116201  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101120826  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101120665  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X2 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101115047  MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
100194428  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
100217411  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101116223  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 isoform X2 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
101115956  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
443218  FOS; protein c-Fos [KO:K04379]
443219  JUN; transcription factor Jun [KO:K04448]
443115  MMP2; 72 kDa type IV collagenase precursor [KO:K01398] [EC:3.4.24.24]
100192422  MMP9; matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
780510  procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
101113725  CTSL; procathepsin L [KO:K01365] [EC:3.4.22.15]
101120093  C-C motif chemokine 2 [KO:K14624]
101113636  vascular cell adhesion protein 1 [KO:K06527]
101114226  vascular cell adhesion protein 1-like isoform X1 [KO:K06527]
443045  ICAM1; intercellular adhesion molecule 1 precursor [KO:K06490]
443127  SELE; E-selectin [KO:K06494]
443540  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
443404  IL1A; interleukin-1 alpha precursor [KO:K04383]
443539  IL1B; interleukin-1 beta precursor [KO:K04519]
443396  IFNG; interferon gamma precursor [KO:K04687]
114110564  PDGFA; platelet-derived growth factor subunit A isoform X2 [KO:K04359]
443545  PDGFB; platelet-derived growth factor subunit B precursor [KO:K17386]
443498  EDN1; endothelin-1 precursor [KO:K16366]
443103  VEGFA; vascular endothelial growth factor A precursor [KO:K05448]
443502  BMP4; bone morphogenetic protein 4 precursor [KO:K04662]
101103793  BMPR2; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-2 precursor [KO:K04671] [EC:2.7.11.30]
443304  ACVR2A; activin receptor type-2A precursor [KO:K04670] [EC:2.7.11.30]
443156  ACVR2B; activin receptor type-2B isoform X2 [KO:K13596] [EC:2.7.11.30]
443161  ACVR1; activin receptor type-1 [KO:K04675] [EC:2.7.11.30]
101112282  BMPR1A; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1A precursor [KO:K04673] [EC:2.7.11.30]
443454  BMPR1B; bone morphogenetic protein receptor type-1B [KO:K13578] [EC:2.7.11.30]
100034667  NOX1; NADPH oxidase 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08008]
101106452  cytochrome b-245 light chain [KO:K08009]
780489  NCF1; neutrophil cytosol factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08011]
101106094  NCF2; neutrophil cytosol factor 2 isoform X2 [KO:K08010]
100101233  RAC1; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 [KO:K04392]
101107592  RAC2; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 2 isoform X2 [KO:K07860]
101112406  RAC3; ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 3 isoform X2 [KO:K07861]
101122295  PRKCZ; protein kinase C zeta type isoform X1 [KO:K18952] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101116396  PIAS4; E3 SUMO-protein ligase PIAS4 [KO:K16065] [EC:2.3.2.27]
443421  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 [KO:K04451]
101104960  SUMO3; small ubiquitin-related modifier 3 isoform X2 [KO:K12160]
101121694  SUMO2; small ubiquitin-related modifier 2 [KO:K12160]
101110738  SUMO1; small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 isoform X3 [KO:K12160]
114115332  small ubiquitin-related modifier 1 [KO:K12160]
105604435  small ubiquitin-related modifier 2-like [KO:K12160]
114111768  small ubiquitin-related modifier 2-like [KO:K12160]
101119602  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00272  Tetrahydrobiopterin
C00518  Hyaluronate
C00533  Nitric oxide
C00607  Chondroitin sulfate
C00704  Superoxide
C00925  Heparan sulfate
C16845  Peroxynitrite
Reference
PMID:21050140
  Authors
Nigro P, Abe J, Berk BC
  Title
Flow shear stress and atherosclerosis: a matter of site specificity.
  Journal
Antioxid Redox Signal 15:1405-14 (2011)
DOI:10.1089/ars.2010.3679
Reference
PMID:26597822
  Authors
McSweeney SR, Warabi E, Siow RC
  Title
Nrf2 as an Endothelial Mechanosensitive Transcription Factor: Going With the Flow.
  Journal
Hypertension 67:20-9 (2016)
DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.06146
Reference
PMID:22076424
  Authors
Heo KS, Fujiwara K, Abe J
  Title
Disturbed-flow-mediated vascular reactive oxygen species induce endothelial dysfunction.
  Journal
Circ J 75:2722-30 (2011)
DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-11-1124
Reference
PMID:24573382
  Authors
Wild J, Soehnlein O, Dietel B, Urschel K, Garlichs CD, Cicha I
  Title
Rubbing salt into wounded endothelium: sodium potentiates proatherogenic effects of TNF-alpha under non-uniform shear stress.
  Journal
Thromb Haemost 112:183-95 (2014)
DOI:10.1160/TH13-11-0908
Reference
PMID:21457103
  Authors
Noguchi N, Jo H
  Title
Redox going with vascular shear stress.
  Journal
Antioxid Redox Signal 15:1367-8 (2011)
DOI:10.1089/ars.2011.4011
Reference
PMID:25165867
  Authors
Li X, Yang Q, Wang Z, Wei D
  Title
Shear stress in atherosclerotic plaque determination.
  Journal
DNA Cell Biol 33:830-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1089/dna.2014.2480
Reference
PMID:17599600
  Authors
Chatzizisis YS, Coskun AU, Jonas M, Edelman ER, Feldman CL, Stone PH
  Title
Role of endothelial shear stress in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis and vascular remodeling: molecular, cellular, and vascular behavior.
  Journal
J Am Coll Cardiol 49:2379-93 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.02.059
Reference
PMID:21733876
  Authors
Lu D, Kassab GS
  Title
Role of shear stress and stretch in vascular mechanobiology.
  Journal
J R Soc Interface 8:1379-85 (2011)
DOI:10.1098/rsif.2011.0177
Reference
PMID:27027326
  Authors
Givens C, Tzima E
  Title
Endothelial Mechanosignaling: Does One Sensor Fit All?
  Journal
Antioxid Redox Signal 25:373-88 (2016)
DOI:10.1089/ars.2015.6493
Reference
PMID:16765337
  Authors
Paravicini TM, Touyz RM
  Title
Redox signaling in hypertension.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 71:247-58 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.05.001
Reference
PMID:19151844
  Authors
Boon RA, Horrevoets AJ
  Title
Key transcriptional regulators of the vasoprotective effects of shear stress.
  Journal
Hamostaseologie 29:39-40, 41-3 (2009)
Reference
PMID:24947523
  Authors
Bryan MT, Duckles H, Feng S, Hsiao ST, Kim HR, Serbanovic-Canic J, Evans PC
  Title
Mechanoresponsive networks controlling vascular inflammation.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 34:2199-205 (2014)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.303424
Reference
PMID:26822720
  Authors
Brown AJ, Teng Z, Evans PC, Gillard JH, Samady H, Bennett MR
  Title
Role of biomechanical forces in the natural history of coronary atherosclerosis.
  Journal
Nat Rev Cardiol 13:210-20 (2016)
DOI:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.203
Reference
PMID:24876354
  Authors
Zhou J, Li YS, Chien S
  Title
Shear stress-initiated signaling and its regulation of endothelial function.
  Journal
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 34:2191-8 (2014)
DOI:10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.303422
Reference
PMID:23429585
  Authors
Liu HB, Zhang J, Xin SY, Liu C, Wang CY, Zhao D, Zhang ZR
  Title
Mechanosensitive properties in the endothelium and their roles in the regulation of endothelial function.
  Journal
J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 61:461-70 (2013)
DOI:10.1097/FJC.0b013e31828c0933
Reference
PMID:20032497
  Authors
Boon RA, Leyen TA, Fontijn RD, Fledderus JO, Baggen JM, Volger OL, van Nieuw Amerongen GP, Horrevoets AJ
  Title
KLF2-induced actin shear fibers control both alignment to flow and JNK signaling in vascular endothelium.
  Journal
Blood 115:2533-42 (2010)
DOI:10.1182/blood-2009-06-228726
Reference
PMID:20353494
  Authors
Whyte JJ, Laughlin MH
  Title
The effects of acute and chronic exercise on the vasculature.
  Journal
Acta Physiol (Oxf) 199:441-50 (2010)
DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1716.2010.02127.x
Reference
PMID:25638487
  Authors
Quillon A, Fromy B, Debret R
  Title
Endothelium microenvironment sensing leading to nitric oxide mediated vasodilation: a review of nervous and biomechanical signals.
  Journal
Nitric Oxide 45:20-6 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.niox.2015.01.006
Reference
PMID:15388638
  Authors
Sorescu GP, Song H, Tressel SL, Hwang J, Dikalov S, Smith DA, Boyd NL, Platt MO, Lassegue B, Griendling KK, Jo H
  Title
Bone morphogenic protein 4 produced in endothelial cells by oscillatory shear stress induces monocyte adhesion by stimulating reactive oxygen species production from a nox1-based NADPH oxidase.
  Journal
Circ Res 95:773-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1161/01.RES.0000145728.22878.45
Reference
PMID:23899566
  Authors
Hopkins PN
  Title
Molecular biology of atherosclerosis.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 93:1317-542 (2013)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.00004.2012
Reference
PMID:22003002
  Authors
Johnson BD, Mather KJ, Wallace JP
  Title
Mechanotransduction of shear in the endothelium: basic studies and clinical implications.
  Journal
Vasc Med 16:365-77 (2011)
DOI:10.1177/1358863X11422109
Reference
PMID:23555159
  Authors
Hu LS, George J, Wang JH
  Title
Current concepts on the role of nitric oxide in portal hypertension.
  Journal
World J Gastroenterol 19:1707-17 (2013)
DOI:10.3748/wjg.v19.i11.1707
Reference
PMID:23084990
  Authors
Collins C, Guilluy C, Welch C, O'Brien ET, Hahn K, Superfine R, Burridge K, Tzima E
  Title
Localized tensional forces on PECAM-1 elicit a global mechanotransduction response via the integrin-RhoA pathway.
  Journal
Curr Biol 22:2087-94 (2012)
DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2012.08.051
Reference
PMID:24190880
  Authors
Conway DE, Schwartz MA
  Title
Flow-dependent cellular mechanotransduction in atherosclerosis.
  Journal
J Cell Sci 126:5101-9 (2013)
DOI:10.1242/jcs.138313
Reference
PMID:26212910
  Authors
Chen J, Green J, Yurdagul A Jr, Albert P, McInnis MC, Orr AW
  Title
alphavbeta3 Integrins Mediate Flow-Induced NF-kappaB Activation, Proinflammatory Gene Expression, and Early Atherogenic Inflammation.
  Journal
Am J Pathol 185:2575-89 (2015)
DOI:10.1016/j.ajpath.2015.05.013
Reference
PMID:20538799
  Authors
Nigro P, Abe J, Woo CH, Satoh K, McClain C, O'Dell MR, Lee H, Lim JH, Li JD, Heo KS, Fujiwara K, Berk BC
  Title
PKCzeta decreases eNOS protein stability via inhibitory phosphorylation of ERK5.
  Journal
Blood 116:1971-9 (2010)
DOI:10.1182/blood-2010-02-269134
Related
pathway
oas04010  MAPK signaling pathway
oas04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
oas04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
oas04210  Apoptosis
oas04270  Vascular smooth muscle contraction
oas04510  Focal adhesion
oas04514  Cell adhesion molecules
oas04670  Leukocyte transendothelial migration
KO pathway
ko05418   
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