KEGG   PATHWAY: sbq04727
Entry
sbq04727                    Pathway                                
Name
GABAergic synapse - Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis (Bolivian squirrel monkey)
Description
Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the most abundant inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). When released in the synaptic cleft, GABA binds to three major classes of receptors: GABAA, GABAB, and GABAC receptors. GABAA and GABAC receptors are ionotropic and mediate fast GABA responses by triggering chloride channel openings, while GABAB receptors are metabotropic and mediate slower GABA responses by activating G-proteins and influencing second messenger systems. GABAA receptors, the major sites for fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the CNS, are regulated by phosphorylation mechanisms, affecting both their functional properties and their cell surface mobility and trafficking. GABA release by the presynaptic terminal is negatively regulated by GABAB autoreceptors, and is cleared from the extracellular space by GABA transporters (GATs) located either on the presynaptic terminal or neighboring glial cells.
Class
Organismal Systems; Nervous system
Pathway map
sbq04727  GABAergic synapse
sbq04727

Other DBs
GO: 0051932
Organism
Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis (Bolivian squirrel monkey) [GN:sbq]
Gene
101050622  SLC38A1; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K14990]
101049653  SLC38A2; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 [KO:K14207]
101036154  GLS2; glutaminase liver isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
101044145  GLS; glutaminase kidney isoform, mitochondrial isoform X1 [KO:K01425] [EC:3.5.1.2]
101034327  GAD2; glutamate decarboxylase 2 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
101053050  GAD1; glutamate decarboxylase 1 [KO:K01580] [EC:4.1.1.15]
101031715  SLC32A1; vesicular inhibitory amino acid transporter [KO:K15015]
101035898  ABAT; 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase, mitochondrial [KO:K13524] [EC:2.6.1.19 2.6.1.22]
101043671  GABRA1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-1 [KO:K05175]
101044967  GABRA6; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-6 [KO:K05175]
101052020  GABRA5; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-5 [KO:K05175]
101029235  GABRA3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-3 [KO:K05175]
101052161  GABRA4; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-4 [KO:K05175]
101053132  GABRA2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit alpha-2 [KO:K05175]
101051625  GABRB1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 isoform X1 [KO:K05181]
101045279  GABRB2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05181]
101051273  GABRB3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-3 [KO:K05181]
101043139  GABRG2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-2 isoform X2 [KO:K05186]
101052655  GABRG3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-3 [KO:K05186]
101053875  GABRG1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit gamma-1 [KO:K05186]
101040529  GABRD; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit delta [KO:K05184]
101029871  GABRE; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit epsilon isoform X2 [KO:K05185]
101028920  GABRQ; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit theta [KO:K05192]
101047927  GABRP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit pi [KO:K05189]
101034152  cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma-like [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101036705  PRKACA; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101043989  PRKACG; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101047300  PRKACB; cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K04345] [EC:2.7.11.11]
101051959  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
101046010  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101039384  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101032613  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
101031788  GABARAP; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein [KO:K08341]
101045502  GABARAPL1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor-associated protein-like 1 [KO:K08341]
101047038  NSF; vesicle-fusing ATPase [KO:K06027] [EC:3.6.4.6]
101052758  TRAK2; trafficking kinesin-binding protein 2 [KO:K15374]
101039244  PLCL1; inactive phospholipase C-like protein 1 [KO:K15375]
101030813  GPHN; gephyrin isoform X7 [KO:K15376] [EC:2.10.1.1 2.7.7.75]
101036025  SLC12A5; solute carrier family 12 member 5 isoform X2 [KO:K23967]
101031987  GABRR3; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-3 [KO:K05190]
101050290  GABRR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-2 [KO:K05190]
101050609  GABRR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit rho-1 isoform X3 [KO:K05190]
101046396  CACNA1A; voltage-dependent P/Q-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1A [KO:K04344]
101049976  CACNA1B; voltage-dependent N-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1B [KO:K04849]
101040048  CACNA1C; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1C isoform X1 [KO:K04850]
101043152  CACNA1D; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1D isoform X1 [KO:K04851]
101034685  CACNA1F; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1F [KO:K04853]
101042219  CACNA1S; voltage-dependent L-type calcium channel subunit alpha-1S [KO:K04857]
101042853  GABBR2; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2 [KO:K04615]
101028059  GABBR1; gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1 isoform X2 [KO:K04615]
101042629  GNAI1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-1 [KO:K04630]
101041681  GNAI2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(i) subunit alpha-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04630]
101032105  GNAI3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(k) subunit alpha [KO:K04630]
101049046  GNAO1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(o) subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04534]
101041488  GNB1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1 [KO:K04536]
101050677  GNB2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-2 [KO:K04537]
101030203  GNB3; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-3 [KO:K07825]
101030409  GNB4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-4 isoform X1 [KO:K04538]
101038619  GNB5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit beta-5 [KO:K04539]
101041345  GNG2; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-2 [KO:K07826]
101030348  GNG4; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4 [KO:K04541]
101037908  GNG5; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-5 [KO:K04542]
101030524  GNG7; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-7 [KO:K04543]
101044875  GNG11; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-11 [KO:K04546]
101051683  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
101046368  GNG12; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-12 [KO:K04347]
101044114  GNGT1; guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma-T1 [KO:K04548]
101027981  ADCY1; adenylate cyclase type 1 isoform X1 [KO:K08041] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101043334  ADCY2; adenylate cyclase type 2 [KO:K08042] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101040601  ADCY3; adenylate cyclase type 3 [KO:K08043] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101044688  ADCY4; adenylate cyclase type 4 isoform X2 [KO:K08044] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101049747  ADCY5; adenylate cyclase type 5 isoform X1 [KO:K08045] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101037803  ADCY6; adenylate cyclase type 6 isoform X2 [KO:K08046] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101032672  ADCY7; adenylate cyclase type 7 isoform X1 [KO:K08047] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101034552  ADCY8; adenylate cyclase type 8 [KO:K08048] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101052034  ADCY9; adenylate cyclase type 9 isoform X2 [KO:K08049] [EC:4.6.1.1]
101048844  KCNJ6; G protein-activated inward rectifier potassium channel 2 [KO:K05000]
101031662  SLC6A1; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05034]
101032222  SLC6A13; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 2 isoform X1 [KO:K05046]
101051062  SLC6A11; sodium- and chloride-dependent GABA transporter 3 [KO:K05044]
101053237  SLC6A12; sodium- and chloride-dependent betaine transporter [KO:K05045]
101040323  GLUL; glutamine synthetase [KO:K01915] [EC:6.3.1.2]
101043358  SLC38A3; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 3 [KO:K13576]
101048483  SLC38A5; sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 5 [KO:K14992]
Compound
C00025  L-Glutamate
C00026  2-Oxoglutarate
C00042  Succinate
C00064  L-Glutamine
C00076  Calcium cation
C00238  Potassium cation
C00334  4-Aminobutanoate
C00575  3',5'-Cyclic AMP
C00698  Cl-
Reference
  Authors
Davis KL, Charney D, Coyle JT, Nemeroff C (ed).
  Title
Neuropsychopharmacology: The fifth generation of progress
  Journal
Lippincott Williams & Wikins (2002)
DOI:10.1002/hup.431
Reference
PMID:17499109
  Authors
Farrant M, Kaila K
  Title
The cellular, molecular and ionic basis of GABA(A) receptor signalling.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:59-87 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60005-8
Reference
PMID:9364667
  Authors
Ben-Ari Y, Khazipov R, Leinekugel X, Caillard O, Gaiarsa JL
  Title
GABAA, NMDA and AMPA receptors: a developmentally regulated 'menage a trois'.
  Journal
Trends Neurosci 20:523-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1016/S0166-2236(97)01147-8
Reference
PMID:20655485
  Authors
Pinard A, Seddik R, Bettler B
  Title
GABAB receptors: physiological functions and mechanisms of diversity.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:231-55 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58010-4
Reference
PMID:21376567
  Authors
Chalifoux JR, Carter AG
  Title
GABAB receptor modulation of synaptic function.
  Journal
Curr Opin Neurobiol 21:339-44 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.conb.2011.02.004
Reference
PMID:20655481
  Authors
Padgett CL, Slesinger PA
  Title
GABAB receptor coupling to G-proteins and ion channels.
  Journal
Adv Pharmacol 58:123-47 (2010)
DOI:10.1016/S1054-3589(10)58006-2
Reference
PMID:17499108
  Authors
Emson PC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors: structure and function.
  Journal
Prog Brain Res 160:43-57 (2007)
DOI:10.1016/S0079-6123(06)60004-6
Reference
PMID:16932937
  Authors
Kornau HC
  Title
GABA(B) receptors and synaptic modulation.
  Journal
Cell Tissue Res 326:517-33 (2006)
DOI:10.1007/s00441-006-0264-7
Reference
PMID:18382465
  Authors
Jacob TC, Moss SJ, Jurd R
  Title
GABA(A) receptor trafficking and its role in the dynamic modulation of neuronal inhibition.
  Journal
Nat Rev Neurosci 9:331-43 (2008)
DOI:10.1038/nrn2370
Reference
PMID:12086709
  Authors
Kneussel M
  Title
Dynamic regulation of GABA(A) receptors at synaptic sites.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 39:74-83 (2002)
DOI:10.1016/S0165-0173(02)00159-5
Reference
PMID:21555068
  Authors
Luscher B, Fuchs T, Kilpatrick CL
  Title
GABAA receptor trafficking-mediated plasticity of inhibitory synapses.
  Journal
Neuron 70:385-409 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.03.024
Reference
PMID:19374920
  Authors
Arancibia-Carcamo IL, Kittler JT
  Title
Regulation of GABA(A) receptor membrane trafficking and synaptic localization.
  Journal
Pharmacol Ther 123:17-31 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2009.03.012
Reference
PMID:16787421
  Authors
Bak LK, Schousboe A, Waagepetersen HS
  Title
The glutamate/GABA-glutamine cycle: aspects of transport, neurotransmitter homeostasis and ammonia transfer.
  Journal
J Neurochem 98:641-53 (2006)
DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.03913.x
Reference
PMID:15210304
  Authors
Conti F, Minelli A, Melone M
  Title
GABA transporters in the mammalian cerebral cortex: localization, development and pathological implications.
  Journal
Brain Res Brain Res Rev 45:196-212 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2004.03.003
Reference
PMID:12888801
  Authors
Brambilla P, Perez J, Barale F, Schettini G, Soares JC
  Title
GABAergic dysfunction in mood disorders.
  Journal
Mol Psychiatry 8:721-37, 715 (2003)
DOI:10.1038/sj.mp.4001362
Reference
PMID:10780899
  Authors
Chebib M, Johnston GA
  Title
GABA-Activated ligand gated ion channels: medicinal chemistry and molecular biology.
  Journal
J Med Chem 43:1427-47 (2000)
DOI:10.1021/jm9904349
Related
pathway
sbq00020  Citrate cycle (TCA cycle)
sbq00250  Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism
sbq04144  Endocytosis
sbq04721  Synaptic vesicle cycle
KO pathway
ko04727   
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