KEGG   PATHWAY: tup04260
Entry
tup04260                    Pathway                                
Name
Cardiac muscle contraction - Tupaia chinensis (Chinese tree shrew)
Description
Contraction of the heart is a complex process initiated by the electrical excitation of cardiac myocytes (excitation-contraction coupling, ECC). In cardiac myocytes, Ca2+ influx induced by activation of voltage-dependent L-type Ca channels (DHP receptors) upon membrane depolarization triggers the release of Ca2+ via Ca2+ release channels (ryanodine receptors) of sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through a Ca2+ -induced Ca release (CICR) mechanism. Ca2+ ions released via the CICR mechanism diffuse through the cytosolic space to contractile proteins to bind to troponinC resulting in the release of inhibition induced by troponinI. The Ca2+ binding to troponinC thereby triggers the sliding of thin and thick filaments, that is, the activation of a crossbridge and subsequent cardiac force development and/or cell shortening. Recovery occurs as Ca2+ is pumped out of the cell by the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) or is returned to the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) by sarco(endo)plasmic Ca2+ -ATPase (SERCA) pumps on the non-junctional region of the SR.
Class
Organismal Systems; Circulatory system
Pathway map
tup04260  Cardiac muscle contraction
tup04260

Other DBs
GO: 0060048
Organism
Tupaia chinensis (Chinese tree shrew) [GN:tup]
Gene
102484770  CACNA1D; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D [KO:K04851]
102482779  CACNA1F; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 F [KO:K04853]
102481015  CACNA1S; calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S [KO:K04857]
102475272  CACNB1; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit beta 1 [KO:K04862]
102473215  CACNB2; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit beta 2 [KO:K04863]
102502262  CACNB3; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit beta 3 [KO:K04864]
102474154  CACNB4; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit beta 4 [KO:K04865]
102482417  CACNA2D1; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit alpha2delta 1 [KO:K04858]
102494398  CACNA2D2; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit alpha2delta 2 [KO:K04859]
102489976  CACNA2D3; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit alpha2delta 3 [KO:K04860]
102472656  CACNA2D4; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit alpha2delta 4 [KO:K04861]
102496795  CACNG1; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 1 [KO:K04866]
102495760  CACNG2; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 2 [KO:K04867]
102493923  CACNG3; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 3 [KO:K04868]
102489456  CACNG4; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 4 [KO:K04869]
102496364  CACNG5; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 5 [KO:K04870]
102483172  CACNG6; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 6 [KO:K04871]
102482749  CACNG7; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 7 [KO:K04872]
102497622  CACNG8; calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 8 [KO:K04873]
102473653  RYR2; ryanodine receptor 2 [KO:K04962]
102478772  ASPH; aspartate beta-hydroxylase [KO:K00476] [EC:1.14.11.16]
102482325  CASQ2; calsequestrin 2 [KO:K23445]
102494318  triadin [KO:K23449]
106736346  triadin-like [KO:K23449]
102501603  HRC; histidine rich calcium binding protein [KO:K23450]
102499870  ATP2A1; ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 1 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
102478604  ATP2A3; ATPase sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transporting 3 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
102497660  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2 [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
106734944  sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase 2-like [KO:K05853] [EC:7.2.2.10]
102495882  TNNC1; troponin C1, slow skeletal and cardiac type [KO:K05865]
102497806  TNNI3; troponin I3, cardiac type [KO:K12044]
102483271  TNNT2; troponin T2, cardiac type [KO:K12045]
102488590  TPM1; tropomyosin 1 (alpha) [KO:K10373]
102470225  TPM2; tropomyosin 2 (beta) [KO:K10374]
102489298  TPM3; tropomyosin 3 [KO:K09290]
102482207  TPM4; tropomyosin 4 [KO:K10375]
102486241  ACTC1; actin, alpha, cardiac muscle 1 [KO:K12314]
102484562  MYH6; myosin heavy chain 6 [KO:K17751]
102485681  MYH7; myosin heavy chain 7 [KO:K17751]
102502505  MYL2; myosin light chain 2 [KO:K10351]
102474564  MYL3; myosin light chain 3 [KO:K12749]
102475162  MYL4; myosin light chain 4 [KO:K12750]
102472121  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit Rieske, mitochondrial [KO:K00411] [EC:7.1.1.8]
102491121  cytochrome c1, heme protein, mitochondrial [KO:K00413]
102501709  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 1, mitochondrial [KO:K00414]
102501413  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 2, mitochondrial [KO:K00415]
102478775  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
102487394  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 6, mitochondrial [KO:K00416]
102476254  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7-like [KO:K00417]
102497898  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 7 [KO:K00417]
102491724  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 8 [KO:K00418]
102495148  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 9 [KO:K00419]
102497900  cytochrome b-c1 complex subunit 10 [KO:K00420]
102486208  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 2, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
102468896  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial [KO:K02263]
102499602  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 4 isoform 1, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02263]
106733330  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02264]
102495433  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5A, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02264]
102472545  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 5B, mitochondrial [KO:K02265]
102482351  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
102499038  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02266]
102486489  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102470061  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102496921  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102485962  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102473533  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102499878  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B2 [KO:K02267]
102473692  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102471301  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1-like [KO:K02267]
102483128  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6B1 [KO:K02267]
102499736  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102473676  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102481250  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102502668  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102495237  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C [KO:K02268]
102483892  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102480389  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102474121  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102495328  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102477164  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102500176  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 6C-like [KO:K02268]
102470904  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A-related protein, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
102502142  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A1, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
102496006  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7A2, mitochondrial [KO:K02270]
102498058  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
102475894  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7B2, mitochondrial [KO:K02271]
106735671  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial-like [KO:K02272]
102493822  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
102491733  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 7C, mitochondrial [KO:K02272]
102489755  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8A, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
102501939  cytochrome c oxidase subunit 8B, mitochondrial [KO:K02273]
102498817  SLC8A1; solute carrier family 8 member A1 [KO:K05849]
102501744  SLC8A2; solute carrier family 8 member A2 [KO:K05849]
102500864  SLC8A3; solute carrier family 8 member A3 [KO:K05849]
102472059  SLC9A6; solute carrier family 9 member A6 [KO:K12041]
102490278  SLC9A7; solute carrier family 9 member A7 [KO:K12041]
102475448  ATP1A3; ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 3 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
102483255  ATP1A2; sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-2 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
102483994  ATP1A1; ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 1 [KO:K01539] [EC:7.2.2.13]
102481090  ATP1B1; ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 1 [KO:K01540]
102467892  ATP1B2; ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 2 [KO:K01540]
102486693  ATP1B3; ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit beta 3 [KO:K01540]
102493344  sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-3-like [KO:K01540]
102474656  ATP1B4; ATPase Na+/K+ transporting family member beta 4 [KO:K01540]
102481218  FXYD2; FXYD domain containing ion transport regulator 2 [KO:K01538]
102501147  SLC9A1; solute carrier family 9 member A1 [KO:K05742]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
C00080  H+
C00238  Potassium cation
C01330  Sodium cation
Reference
PMID:17988210
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Calcium cycling and signaling in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Annu Rev Physiol 70:23-49 (2008)
DOI:10.1146/annurev.physiol.70.113006.100455
Reference
PMID:11805843
  Authors
Bers DM
  Title
Cardiac excitation-contraction coupling.
  Journal
Nature 415:198-205 (2002)
DOI:10.1038/415198a
Reference
PMID:16799263
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Signal transduction and Ca2+ signaling in intact myocardium.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:525-37 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06009X
Reference
PMID:18981594
  Authors
Endoh M
  Title
Cardiac Ca2+ signaling and Ca2+ sensitizers.
  Journal
Circ J 72:1915-25 (2008)
DOI:10.1253/circj.CJ-08-0838
Reference
PMID:16552170
  Authors
Bers DM, Despa S
  Title
Cardiac myocytes Ca2+ and Na+ regulation in normal and failing hearts.
  Journal
J Pharmacol Sci 100:315-22 (2006)
DOI:10.1254/jphs.CPJ06001X
Reference
PMID:10747208
  Authors
Gordon AM, Homsher E, Regnier M
  Title
Regulation of contraction in striated muscle.
  Journal
Physiol Rev 80:853-924 (2000)
DOI:10.1152/physrev.2000.80.2.853
Reference
PMID:16701909
  Authors
Phrommintikul A, Chattipakorn N
  Title
Roles of cardiac ryanodine receptor in heart failure and sudden cardiac death.
  Journal
Int J Cardiol 112:142-52 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.ijcard.2005.11.106
Reference
PMID:16096350
  Authors
Lacinova L
  Title
Voltage-dependent calcium channels.
  Journal
Gen Physiol Biophys 24 Suppl 1:1-78 (2005)
Reference
PMID:12763850
  Authors
Lingrel J, Moseley A, Dostanic I, Cougnon M, He S, James P, Woo A, O'Connor K, Neumann J
  Title
Functional roles of the alpha isoforms of the Na,K-ATPase.
  Journal
Ann N Y Acad Sci 986:354-9 (2003)
DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07214.x
Reference
PMID:11294886
  Authors
Berg JS, Powell BC, Cheney RE
  Title
A millennial myosin census.
  Journal
Mol Biol Cell 12:780-94 (2001)
DOI:10.1091/mbc.12.4.780
Reference
PMID:15736582
  Authors
Parmacek MS, Solaro RJ
  Title
Biology of the troponin complex in cardiac myocytes.
  Journal
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 47:159-76 (2004)
DOI:10.1016/j.pcad.2004.07.003
Reference
PMID:14659803
  Authors
Yamashita H, Sugiura S, Fujita H, Yasuda S, Nagai R, Saeki Y, Sunagawa K, Sugi H
  Title
Myosin light chain isoforms modify force-generating ability of cardiac myosin by changing the kinetics of actin-myosin interaction.
  Journal
Cardiovasc Res 60:580-8 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/j.cardiores.2003.09.011
Reference
PMID:19403607
  Authors
Pritchard TJ, Kranias EG
  Title
Junctin and the histidine-rich Ca2+ binding protein: potential roles in heart failure and arrhythmogenesis.
  Journal
J Physiol 587:3125-33 (2009)
DOI:10.1113/jphysiol.2009.172171
Reference
PMID:28596175
  Authors
Landstrom AP, Dobrev D, Wehrens XHT
  Title
Calcium Signaling and Cardiac Arrhythmias.
  Journal
Circ Res 120:1969-1993 (2017)
DOI:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.117.310083
Related
pathway
tup04020  Calcium signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko04260   
LinkDB

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