Entry Name Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells - Ursus maritimus (polar bear)
Description Many pathogenic bacteria can invade phagocytic and non-phagocytic cells and colonize them intracellularly, then become disseminated to other cells. Invasive bacteria induce their own uptake by non-phagocytic host cells (e.g. epithelial cells) using two mechanisms referred to as zipper model and trigger model. Listeria, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, and Yersinia are examples of bacteria that enter using the zipper model. These bacteria express proteins on their surfaces that interact with cellular receptors, initiating signalling cascades that result in close apposition of the cellular membrane around the entering bacteria. Shigella and Salmonella are the examples of bacteria entering cells using the trigger model. These bacteria use type III secretion systems to inject protein effectors that interact with the actin cytoskeleton.
Class Human Diseases; Infectious disease: bacterialBRITE hierarchy
Pathway map umr05100 Bacterial invasion of epithelial cells
Ortholog table Organism Ursus maritimus (polar bear) [GN:
umr ]
Gene 103658008 ARHGAP10; rho GTPase-activating protein 10 isoform X1 [KO:K13736 ]
103675162 PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649 ]
103663617 PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X3 [KO:K02649 ]
103670766 PIK3R3; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma [KO:K02649 ]
103678592 PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
103666874 PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
103676125 PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform [KO:K00922 ] [EC:2.7.1.153 ]
103658181 DOCK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: dedicator of cytokinesis protein 1 [KO:K13708 ]
103676615 WASL; neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein isoform X1 [KO:K23612 ]
103677004 WASF1; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 1 [KO:K05753 ]
103666501 WASF2; wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein family member 2 [KO:K05748 ]
103661171 ARPC3; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05756 ]
103669571 ARPC4; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 4 [KO:K05755 ]
103670326 ARPC5L; actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 5-like protein [KO:K05754 ]
103662115 BCAR1; breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05726 ]
103666654 MAD2L2; mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint protein MAD2B [KO:K13728 ]
103658990 ELMO1; engulfment and cell motility protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K12366 ]
103669700 ELMO2; engulfment and cell motility protein 2 isoform X1 [KO:K18985 ]
103673667 ELMO3; engulfment and cell motility protein 3 isoform X5 [KO:K19241 ]
Reference Authors Mostowy S, Cossart P
Title Cytoskeleton rearrangements during Listeria infection: clathrin and septins as new players in the game.
Journal Reference Authors Hauck CR, Ohlsen K
Title Sticky connections: extracellular matrix protein recognition and integrin-mediated cellular invasion by Staphylococcus aureus.
Journal Reference Authors Wang B, Li S, Dedhar S, Cleary PP
Title Paxillin phosphorylation: bifurcation point downstream of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) in streptococcal invasion.
Journal Reference Authors Matsumoto H, Young GM
Title Translocated effectors of Yersinia.
Journal Reference Authors McGhie EJ, Brawn LC, Hume PJ, Humphreys D, Koronakis V
Title Salmonella takes control: effector-driven manipulation of the host.
Journal Reference Authors Iwai H, Kim M, Yoshikawa Y, Ashida H, Ogawa M, Fujita Y, Muller D, Kirikae T, Jackson PK, Kotani S, Sasakawa C
Title A bacterial effector targets Mad2L2, an APC inhibitor, to modulate host cell cycling.
Journal Related umr04810 Regulation of actin cytoskeleton
KO pathway LinkDB All DBs
