| Entry |
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| Name |
apyrase;
ATP-diphosphatase;
adenosine diphosphatase;
ADPase;
ATP diphosphohydrolase [ambiguous]
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| Class |
Hydrolases;
Acting on acid anhydrides;
In phosphorus-containing anhydrides
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| Sysname |
nucleoside triphosphate phosphohydrolase (nucleoside monophosphoate-forming)
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| Reaction(IUBMB) |
a nucleoside 5'-triphosphate + 2 H2O = a nucleoside 5'-phosphate + 2 phosphate (overall reaction) [RN: R10443];
(1a) a nucleoside 5'-triphosphate + H2O = a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate + phosphate [RN: R02319];
(1b) a nucleoside 5'-diphosphate + H2O = a nucleoside 5'-phosphate + phosphate [RN: R10442]
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| Reaction(KEGG) |
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| Substrate |
nucleoside 5'-triphosphate [CPD: C00201];
H2O [CPD: C00001];
nucleoside 5'-diphosphate [CPD: C00454]
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| Product |
nucleoside 5'-phosphate [CPD: C01117];
phosphate [CPD: C00009];
nucleoside 5'-diphosphate [CPD: C00454]
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| Comment |
Apyrases are active against both di- and triphosphate nucleotides (NDPs and NTPs) and hydrolyse NTPs to nucleotide monophosphates (NMPs) in two distinct successive phosphate-releasing steps, with NDPs as intermediates. They differ from ATPases, which specifically hydrolyse ATP, by hydrolysing both ATP and ADP. The eukaryotic enzymes requires Ca2+, but Mg2+ can substitute. Most of the ecto-ATPases that occur on the cell surface and hydrolyse extracellular nucleotides belong to this enzyme family.
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| History |
EC 3.6.1.5 created 1961, modified 1976, modified 2000, modified 2013
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| Pathway |
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| Orthology |
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| Genes |
» show all
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
KRISHNAN PS. |
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| Title |
Apyrase, pyrophosphatase and metaphosphatase of Penicillium chrysogenum. |
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| Journal |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
LIEBECQ C, LALLEMAND A, DEGUELDRE-GUILLAUME MJ |
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| Title |
[Partial purification and properties of potato apyrase.] |
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| Journal |
Bull Soc Chim Biol (Paris) 45:573-94 (1963) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Chen YR, Datta N, Roux SJ |
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| Title |
Purification and partial characterization of a calmodulin-stimulated nucleoside triphosphatase from pea nuclei. |
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| Journal |
J Biol Chem 262:10689-94 (1987) |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Christoforidis S, Papamarcaki T, Galaris D, Kellner R, Tsolas O |
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| Title |
Purification and properties of human placental ATP diphosphohydrolase. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Wang TF, Guidotti G |
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| Title |
CD39 is an ecto-(Ca2+,Mg2+)-apyrase. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Gao XD, Kaigorodov V, Jigami Y |
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| Title |
YND1, a homologue of GDA1, encodes membrane-bound apyrase required for Golgi N- and O-glycosylation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Reference |
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| Authors |
Xu W, Jones CR, Dunn CA, Bessman MJ |
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| Title |
Gene ytkD of Bacillus subtilis encodes an atypical nucleoside triphosphatase member of the Nudix hydrolase superfamily. |
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| Journal |
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| Sequence |
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| Other DBs |
| ExplorEnz - The Enzyme Database: | 3.6.1.5 |
| ExPASy - ENZYME nomenclature database: | 3.6.1.5 |
| BRENDA, the Enzyme Database: | 3.6.1.5 |
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| LinkDB |
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