KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:adu00010 adu01200 adu01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:adu00010 adu01200 adu01230 adu01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:adu00010 adu00020 adu01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:adu00010 adu00020 adu00620 adu00785 adu01200 adu01210 adu01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:adu00020 adu01200 adu01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:adu00020 adu01200 adu01210 adu01230 adu01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:adu00020 adu01200 adu01210 adu01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:adu00030 adu01200 adu01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P [PATH:adu00030 adu01200 adu01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P [PATH:adu00030 adu01200 adu01230 adu01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP [PATH:adu00030 adu00230 adu01200 adu01230 adu01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:adu00040 adu01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:adu00051 adu00053 adu01240 adu01100 adu01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:adu00500 adu01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:adu00630 adu01200 adu01100 adu01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:adu00630 adu01200 adu01100 adu01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:adu00562 adu01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:adu00710 adu01200 adu01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:adu00620 adu00710 adu01200 adu01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:adu00620 adu00710 adu01200 adu01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:adu00620 adu00710 adu01200 adu01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:adu00710 adu01200 adu01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:adu00710 adu01200 adu01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:adu00910 adu01310 adu01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00987 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, plants, sulfate => H2S [PATH:adu00920 adu01320 adu01100]

Photosynthesis
M00161 Photosystem II [PATH:adu00195 adu01100]
M00163 Photosystem I [PATH:adu00195 adu01100]

ATP synthesis
M00145 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria [PATH:adu00190 adu01100]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:adu00190 adu01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:adu00190 adu01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:adu00190 adu01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:adu00190 adu00195 adu01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:adu00061 adu01212 adu01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:adu00061 adu01212 adu01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:adu00062 adu01040 adu01212 adu01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:adu00061 adu00071 adu01212 adu01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:adu00071 adu01212 adu01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:adu00100 adu01100 adu01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:adu00561 adu01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:adu00561 adu01100]
M01048 Sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) biosynthesis, glucose-1P => SQDG [PATH:adu00561 adu00566 adu01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:adu00564 adu01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:adu00600 adu01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:adu00600 adu01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:adu00600 adu01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:adu00592 adu01100 adu01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:adu00230 adu01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:adu00230 adu01232 adu01240 adu01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:adu00230 adu01232 adu01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:adu00230 adu00240 adu01232 adu01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:adu00240 adu01232 adu01240 adu01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:adu00240 adu01232 adu01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:adu00240 adu00410 adu00770 adu01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:adu00260 adu01200 adu01230 adu01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:adu00260 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:adu00260 adu00630 adu00670 adu00785 adu01200 adu01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:adu00260 adu00670 adu01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:adu00270 adu00920 adu01320 adu01200 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:adu00270 adu01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:adu00270 adu01100 adu01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:adu00290 adu00770 adu01210 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:adu00290 adu01230 adu01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:adu00290 adu01210 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:adu00280 adu01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:adu00300 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:adu00220 adu01210 adu01230 adu01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:adu00220 adu01230 adu01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:adu00330 adu01230 adu01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:adu00330 adu01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:adu00330 adu01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:adu00330 adu01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:adu00340 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:adu00400 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:adu00400 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:adu00400 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:adu00400 adu01230 adu01100 adu01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:adu00350 adu01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:adu00250 adu00650 adu01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:adu00480 adu01240 adu01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00892 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, eukaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:adu00520 adu01250 adu01100]
M01003 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, GlcNAc => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:adu00520 adu01250 adu01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:adu00520 adu01250 adu01100]
M00998 UDP-L-Ara biosynthesis, L-Ala => UDP-L-Ala [PATH:adu00520 adu01250 adu01100]
M00997 UDP-Xyl/L-Ara biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-Xyl => UDP-L-Ala [PATH:adu00520 adu01250 adu01100]
M00994 UDP-GlcA biosynthesis, myo-inositol => GlcA => UDP-GlcA [PATH:adu00562 adu00520 adu00053 adu00040 adu01250 adu01100]
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA [PATH:adu00520 adu00053 adu01250 adu01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:adu00520 adu00051 adu01250 adu01100]
M01015 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Man => GDP-Man [PATH:adu00520 adu00051 adu01250 adu01100]
M01001 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, L-Fuc => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:adu00520 adu01250 adu01100]
M01021 UDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-L-Rha [PATH:adu00541 adu01250 adu01100]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:adu00541 adu00051 adu01250 adu01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:adu00510 adu01100]
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:adu00510 adu00513 adu01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:adu00510 adu01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:adu00730 adu01240 adu01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:adu00730 adu01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:adu00740 adu01240 adu01100 adu01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:adu00750 adu01240 adu01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:adu00760 adu01240 adu01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:adu00770 adu01240 adu01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:adu00780 adu01240 adu01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:adu00785 adu01240 adu01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:adu00785 adu01240 adu01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:adu00790 adu00670 adu01240 adu01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:adu00790 adu01240 adu01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:adu00860 adu01240 adu01100 adu01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:adu00130 adu01240 adu01100 adu01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:adu00130 adu01240 adu01100 adu01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:adu00130 adu01240 adu01100 adu01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:adu00900 adu01100 adu01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:adu00900 adu01100 adu01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:adu00900 adu01100 adu01110]

Terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 Lycopene biosynthesis, geranylgeranyl-PP => lycopene [PATH:adu00906 adu01100 adu01110]
M01040 Lutein biosynthesis, plants, lycopene => lutein [PATH:adu00906 adu01100 adu01110]
M01045 Zeaxanthin biosynthesis, lycopene => beta-carotene => zeaxanthin [PATH:adu00906 adu01100 adu01110]
M01046 Xanthophyll cycle [PATH:adu00906 adu01100 adu01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, plants, 9'-cis-neoxanthin/9-cis-violaxanthin => abscisic acid [PATH:adu00906 adu01100 adu01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, plants, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:adu00905 adu01100 adu01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, plants, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:adu00904 adu01100 adu01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, plants, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:adu00904 adu01100 adu01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:adu00940 adu01100 adu01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:adu00940 adu00941 adu01100 adu01110]
M00940 Flavanone biosynthesis, p-coumaroyl-CoA => liquiritigenin [PATH:adu00941 adu01100 adu01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:adu00941 adu01100 adu01110]
M00941 Isoflavone biosynthesis, liquiritigenin/naringenin => daidzein/genistein [PATH:adu00943 adu01100 adu01110]
M00942 Pterocarpan biosynthesis, daidzein => medicarpin [PATH:adu00943 adu01100 adu01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00611 Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation