KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:api00010 api01200 api01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:api00010 api01200 api01230 api01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:api00010 api00020 api01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:api00010 api00020 api00620 api01200 api01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:api00020 api01200 api01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:api00020 api01200 api01210 api01230 api01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:api00020 api01200 api01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:api00030 api01200 api01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:api00030 api01200 api01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:api00030 api01200 api01230 api01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:api00030 api00230 api01200 api01230 api01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:api00040 api01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:api00052 api01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:api00500 api01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:api00500 api01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:api00520 api01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:api00520 api00052 api01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:api00520 api01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:api00562 api01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:api00430 api00620 api01200 api01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00142 NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondria [PATH:api00190]
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:api00190]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:api00190]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:api00190]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:api00190]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:api00190]
M00152 Cytochrome bc1 complex [PATH:api00190]
M00154 Cytochrome c oxidase [PATH:api00190]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:api00190]
M00158 F-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:api00190]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:api00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:api00061 api01212 api01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:api00061 api01212 api01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:api00062 api01212 api01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:api00061 api00071 api01212 api01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:api00071 api01212 api01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:api01040 api01212 api01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:api00564 api01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:api00564 api01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:api00564 api01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:api00600 api01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:api00600 api01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:api00600 api01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 Inosine monophosphate biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:api00230 api01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:api00230 api01240 api01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:api00230 api01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 Uridine monophosphate biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:api00240 api01240 api01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:api00240 api01240 api01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:api00240 api01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:api00260 api01200 api01230 api01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:api00260 api01230 api01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:api00260 api01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:api00270 api00920 api01200 api01230 api01100]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:api00260 api00270 api01230 api01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:api00270 api01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:api00290 api00770 api01210 api01230 api01100]
M00535 Isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => 2-oxobutanoate [PATH:api00290 api01210 api01230 api01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:api00290 api01210 api01230 api01100]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:api00280 api01100]

Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:api00330 api01230 api01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:api00340 api01230 api01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:api00400 api01230 api01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:api00250 api00650 api01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:api00480 api01240 api01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:api00510 api01100]
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH:api00510 api00513 api01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:api00510 api01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:api00601 api01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:api00532 api00534 api01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:api00534 api01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:api01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:api00750 api01240 api01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:api00770 api01240 api01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:api00785 api01240 api01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:api00785 api01240 api01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:api00785 api01240 api01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:api00790 api01240 api01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:api00790 api01240 api01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:api00670 api01240 api01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:api00670 api01240 api01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:api00860 api01240 api01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:api00130 api01240 api01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:api00900 api01100]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:api00900 api01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:api00900 api01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis [PATH:api01100]

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity