KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:bpr00010 bpr01200 bpr01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:bpr00010 bpr01200 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:bpr00010 bpr00020 bpr01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:bpr00010 bpr00020 bpr00620 bpr00785 bpr01200 bpr01210 bpr01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:bpr00020 bpr01200 bpr01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bpr00020 bpr01200 bpr01210 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:bpr00020 bpr01200 bpr01210 bpr01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:bpr00030 bpr01200 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P [PATH:bpr00030 bpr01200 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P [PATH:bpr00030 bpr01200 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP [PATH:bpr00030 bpr00230 bpr01200 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:bpr00030 bpr01200 bpr01100 bpr01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 Galacturonate degradation, bacteria, galacturonate => pyruvate + glyceraldehyde-3P [PATH:bpr00040 bpr00030 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00061 Glucuronate degradation, glucuronate => pyruvate + glyceraldehyde-3P [PATH:bpr00040 bpr00030 bpr01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:bpr00052 bpr01100]
M00552 Galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:bpr00052 bpr01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:bpr00500 bpr01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:bpr00630 bpr01200 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:bpr00640 bpr00020 bpr01200 bpr01100 bpr01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:bpr00620 bpr00710 bpr01200 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:bpr00430 bpr00620 bpr00720 bpr01200 bpr01100 bpr01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:bpr00910 bpr01310 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:bpr00910 bpr01310 bpr01100 bpr01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:bpr00920 bpr01320 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00595 Sulfur oxidation, SOX system, thiosulfate => sulfate [PATH:bpr00920 bpr01320 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00985 Sulfide oxidation, sulfide => sulfur [PATH:bpr00920 bpr01320 bpr01100 bpr01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]
M00159 V/A-type ATPase, prokaryotes [PATH:bpr00190 bpr01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:bpr00061 bpr01212 bpr01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:bpr00061 bpr01212 bpr01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:bpr00061 bpr00071 bpr01212 bpr01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:bpr00071 bpr01212 bpr01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:bpr00561 bpr01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:bpr00564 bpr01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:bpr00564 bpr01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:bpr00230 bpr01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:bpr00230 bpr01232 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:bpr00230 bpr01232 bpr01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:bpr00230 bpr00240 bpr01232 bpr01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:bpr00230 bpr01232 bpr01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:bpr00230 bpr01232 bpr01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:bpr00240 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:bpr00240 bpr01232 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:bpr00240 bpr01232 bpr01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:bpr00240 bpr00410 bpr00770 bpr01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:bpr00260 bpr00680 bpr01200 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:bpr00260 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:bpr00260 bpr00630 bpr00670 bpr00785 bpr01200 bpr01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:bpr00260 bpr00670 bpr01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:bpr00260 bpr01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:bpr00270 bpr00920 bpr01320 bpr01200 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:bpr00270 bpr01230 bpr01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bpr00290 bpr00770 bpr01210 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:bpr00290 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:bpr00290 bpr01210 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:bpr00280 bpr01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bpr00300 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00526 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP dehydrogenase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bpr00300 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:bpr00300 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:bpr00220 bpr01210 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:bpr00220 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:bpr00330 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:bpr00330 bpr01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:bpr00330 bpr01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:bpr00340 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:bpr00340 bpr01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:bpr00400 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:bpr00400 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:bpr00400 bpr01230 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:bpr00400 bpr01230 bpr01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:bpr00350 bpr01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:bpr00350 bpr01220 bpr01100 bpr01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:bpr00480 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00948 Hydroxyproline degradation, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:bpr00470 bpr01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:bpr00520 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M00996 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, anhMurNAc => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:bpr00520 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:bpr00520 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:bpr00520 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M01004 UDP-Galf biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-Galf [PATH:bpr00520 bpr00052 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:bpr00520 bpr00052 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:bpr00520 bpr00051 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:bpr00541 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M01028 GDP-DDmanHep biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => GDP-DDmanHep [PATH:bpr00541 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M00064 ADP-LDmanHep biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:bpr00541 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:bpr00521 bpr00523 bpr00541 bpr01250 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:bpr00541 bpr00051 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M01018 GDP-D-Rha biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-D-Rha [PATH:bpr00541 bpr00051 bpr01250 bpr01100]
M01019 GDP-6-deoxy-Tal biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-6-deoxy-Tal [PATH:bpr00541 bpr00051 bpr01250 bpr01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:bpr00730 bpr01100]
M00916 Pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:bpr00750 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:bpr00760 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:bpr00770 bpr01240 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:bpr00770 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:bpr00780 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:bpr00785 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:bpr00790 bpr00670 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:bpr00790 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:bpr00790 bpr01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:bpr00670 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:bpr00860 bpr01240 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:bpr00860 bpr01240 bpr01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:bpr00130 bpr01240 bpr01100 bpr01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:bpr00130 bpr01240 bpr01100 bpr01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
M00790 Pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis, tryptophan => pyrrolnitrin [PATH:bpr00404 bpr01100 bpr01110]

Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation
M00551 Benzoate degradation, benzoate => catechol / methylbenzoate => methylcatechol [PATH:bpr00362 bpr00622 bpr01220 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00637 Anthranilate degradation, anthranilate => catechol [PATH:bpr00627 bpr01100 bpr01120]
M00568 Catechol ortho-cleavage, catechol => 3-oxoadipate [PATH:bpr00362 bpr01220 bpr01100 bpr01120]

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00643 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexXY-OprM
M00698 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump BpeEF-OprC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation