KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:cpep00010 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:cpep00010 cpep01200 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:cpep00010 cpep00020 cpep01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:cpep00010 cpep00020 cpep00620 cpep00785 cpep01200 cpep01210 cpep01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:cpep00020 cpep01200 cpep01210 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:cpep00030 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:cpep00030 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:cpep00030 cpep01200 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:cpep00030 cpep00230 cpep01200 cpep01230 cpep01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:cpep00040 cpep01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:cpep00051 cpep00053 cpep01240 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:cpep00500 cpep01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:cpep00520 cpep01250 cpep01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:cpep00520 cpep01250 cpep01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:cpep00630 cpep01200 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:cpep00562 cpep01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:cpep00620 cpep00710 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:cpep00620 cpep00710 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00172 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NADP - malic enzyme type [PATH:cpep00620 cpep00710 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:cpep00710 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:cpep00710 cpep01200 cpep01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:cpep00910 cpep01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:cpep00920 cpep01100]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:cpep00061 cpep01212 cpep01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:cpep00061 cpep01212 cpep01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:cpep00062 cpep01040 cpep01212 cpep01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:cpep00061 cpep00071 cpep01212 cpep01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:cpep00071 cpep01212 cpep01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:cpep00100 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:cpep00561 cpep01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:cpep00561 cpep01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:cpep00564 cpep01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:cpep00600 cpep01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:cpep00592 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:cpep00230 cpep01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:cpep00230 cpep01232 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:cpep00230 cpep01232 cpep01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:cpep00230 cpep00240 cpep01232 cpep01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:cpep00240 cpep01232 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:cpep00240 cpep01232 cpep01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:cpep00240 cpep00410 cpep00770 cpep01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:cpep00260 cpep01200 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:cpep00260 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:cpep00260 cpep00630 cpep00785 cpep01200 cpep01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:cpep00260 cpep01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:cpep00270 cpep00920 cpep01200 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:cpep00270 cpep01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:cpep00270 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:cpep00290 cpep00770 cpep01210 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:cpep00290 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:cpep00290 cpep01210 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:cpep00280 cpep01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:cpep00300 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:cpep00220 cpep01210 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:cpep00220 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:cpep00330 cpep01230 cpep01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:cpep00330 cpep01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:cpep00330 cpep01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:cpep00330 cpep01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:cpep00340 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:cpep00400 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:cpep00400 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:cpep00400 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:cpep00400 cpep01230 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:cpep00350 cpep01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:cpep00250 cpep00650 cpep01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:cpep00480 cpep01240 cpep01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:cpep00510 cpep01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:cpep00510 cpep01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:cpep00730 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:cpep00730 cpep01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:cpep00740 cpep01240 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:cpep00750 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:cpep00760 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:cpep00770 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:cpep00780 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:cpep00785 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:cpep00785 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:cpep00790 cpep00670 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:cpep00790 cpep01240 cpep01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:cpep00860 cpep01240 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:cpep00130 cpep01240 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:cpep00130 cpep01240 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:cpep00130 cpep01240 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:cpep00900 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:cpep00900 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:cpep00900 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:cpep00906 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:cpep00906 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:cpep00905 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:cpep00904 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:cpep00904 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:cpep00940 cpep01100 cpep01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:cpep00940 cpep00941 cpep01100 cpep01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation