KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:krd00010 krd01200 krd01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:krd00010 krd01200 krd01230 krd01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:krd00010 krd00020 krd01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:krd00010 krd00020 krd00620 krd00785 krd01200 krd01210 krd01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:krd00020 krd01200 krd01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:krd00020 krd01200 krd01210 krd01230 krd01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:krd00020 krd01200 krd01210 krd01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:krd00030 krd01200 krd01100 krd01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:krd00030 krd01200 krd01100 krd01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:krd00030 krd01200 krd01230 krd01100 krd01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:krd00030 krd00230 krd01200 krd01230 krd01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:krd00030 krd01200 krd01100 krd01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:krd00040 krd00030 krd01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:krd00040 krd00030 krd01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:krd00052 krd01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:krd00500 krd01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:krd00500 krd01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:krd00500 krd01100 krd01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:krd00630 krd01200 krd01100 krd01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:krd00620 krd00710 krd01200 krd01100 krd01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:krd00430 krd00620 krd00720 krd01200 krd01100 krd01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:krd00910 krd01310 krd01100 krd01120]
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:krd00910 krd01310 krd01100 krd01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:krd00920 krd01320 krd01100 krd01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:krd00190 krd01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:krd00190 krd01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:krd00190 krd01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:krd00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:krd00190 krd01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:krd00190 krd01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:krd00061 krd01212 krd01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:krd00061 krd01212 krd01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:krd00061 krd00071 krd01212 krd01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:krd00071 krd01212 krd01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:krd00564 krd01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:krd00230 krd01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:krd00230 krd01232 krd01240 krd01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:krd00230 krd01232 krd01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:krd00230 krd00240 krd01232 krd01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:krd00240 krd01240 krd01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:krd00240 krd01232 krd01240 krd01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:krd00240 krd01232 krd01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:krd00240 krd00410 krd00770 krd01100]
M00939 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => 3-hydroxypropanoate [PATH:krd00240 krd01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:krd00260 krd00680 krd01200 krd01230 krd01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:krd00260 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:krd00260 krd00630 krd00670 krd00785 krd01200 krd01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:krd00270 krd00920 krd01320 krd01200 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:krd00260 krd00270 krd00670 krd01230 krd01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:krd00270 krd01230 krd01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:krd00270 krd01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:krd00290 krd00770 krd01210 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:krd00290 krd01230 krd01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:krd00290 krd01210 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:krd00300 krd01230 krd01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:krd00220 krd01210 krd01230 krd01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:krd00220 krd01230 krd01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:krd00330 krd01230 krd01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:krd00330 krd01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:krd00330 krd01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:krd00340 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:krd00340 krd01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:krd00400 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:krd00400 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:krd00400 krd01230 krd01100 krd01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:krd00400 krd01230 krd01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:krd00480 krd01240 krd01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:krd00520 krd01250 krd01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:krd00520 krd01250 krd01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:krd00520 krd01250 krd01100]
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA [PATH:krd00520 krd00053 krd01250 krd01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:krd00520 krd00052 krd01250 krd01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:krd00520 krd01250 krd01100]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:krd00541 krd01250 krd01100]
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA [PATH:krd00541]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:krd00541 krd01250 krd01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:krd00541 krd01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:krd00521 krd00523 krd00541 krd01250 krd01100 krd01110]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:krd00540 krd01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:krd00730 krd01240 krd01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:krd00730 krd01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:krd00740 krd01240 krd01100 krd01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:krd00750 krd01240 krd01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:krd00760 krd01240 krd01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:krd00770 krd01240 krd01100 krd01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:krd00770 krd01240 krd01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:krd00780 krd01240 krd01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:krd00780 krd01240 krd01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:krd00785 krd01240 krd01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:krd00790 krd00670 krd01240 krd01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:krd00790 krd01240 krd01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:krd00790 krd01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:krd00860 krd01240 krd01100 krd01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:krd00860 krd01240 krd01100 krd01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:krd00860 krd01240 krd01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:krd00860 krd01240 krd01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:krd00130 krd01240 krd01100 krd01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:krd00130 krd01240 krd01100 krd01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:krd00130 krd01240 krd01100 krd01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:krd00900 krd01100 krd01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:krd00900 krd01100 krd01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation