KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:morg00010 morg01200 morg01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:morg00010 morg01200 morg01230 morg01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:morg00010 morg00020 morg01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:morg00010 morg00020 morg00620 morg00785 morg01200 morg01210 morg01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:morg00020 morg01200 morg01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:morg00020 morg01200 morg01210 morg01230 morg01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:morg00020 morg01200 morg01210 morg01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:morg00030 morg01200 morg01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:morg00030 morg01200 morg01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:morg00030 morg01200 morg01230 morg01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:morg00030 morg00230 morg01200 morg01230 morg01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:morg00040 morg01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:morg00052 morg01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:morg00040 morg00053 morg01240 morg01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:morg00500 morg01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:morg00500 morg01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:morg00520 morg01250 morg01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:morg00520 morg00052 morg01250 morg01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:morg00520 morg01250 morg01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:morg00280 morg00630 morg00640 morg01200 morg01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:morg00562 morg01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:morg00562 morg01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:morg00562 morg01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:morg00190 morg01100]
M00146 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 alpha subcomplex [PATH:morg00190 morg01100]
M00147 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) 1 beta subcomplex [PATH:morg00190 morg01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:morg00190 morg01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:morg00190 morg01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:morg00061 morg01212 morg01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:morg00061 morg01212 morg01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:morg00061 morg01212 morg01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:morg00062 morg01212 morg01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:morg00062 morg01040 morg01212 morg01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:morg00061 morg00071 morg01212 morg01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:morg00071 morg01212 morg01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:morg01040 morg01212 morg01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH:morg00100 morg01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:morg00100 morg01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH:morg00120 morg01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:morg00120 morg01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH:morg00140 morg01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:morg00140 morg01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:morg00140 morg01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:morg00140 morg01100]
M00977 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis (androgen backdoor pathway), pregnenolone => androsterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:morg00140 morg01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:morg00561 morg01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:morg00561 morg01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:morg00564 morg01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:morg00564 morg01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:morg00564 morg01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:morg00600 morg01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:morg00600 morg01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:morg00600 morg00565 morg01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:morg00600 morg01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:morg00600 morg01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:morg00230 morg01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:morg00230 morg01232 morg01240 morg01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:morg00230 morg01232 morg01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:morg00230 morg00240 morg01232 morg01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:morg00230 morg01232 morg01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:morg00230 morg01232 morg01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:morg00240 morg01240 morg01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:morg00240 morg01232 morg01240 morg01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:morg00240 morg01232 morg01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:morg00240 morg00410 morg00770 morg01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:morg00260 morg01200 morg01230 morg01100]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:morg00260 morg00630 morg00785 morg01200 morg01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:morg00260 morg01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:morg00260 morg01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:morg00260 morg00270 morg01230 morg01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:morg00270 morg01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:morg00270 morg01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:morg00280 morg01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00032 Lysine degradation, lysine => saccharopine => acetoacetyl-CoA [PATH:morg00310 morg01210 morg01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:morg00220 morg01230 morg01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:morg00220 morg01230 morg01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:morg00330 morg01230 morg01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:morg00330 morg01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:morg00330 morg01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:morg00330 morg00260 morg01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:morg00330 morg01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:morg00330 morg01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:morg00340 morg01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:morg00350 morg01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:morg00350 morg01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:morg00350 morg01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:morg00380 morg01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:morg00380 morg01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:morg00250 morg00650 morg01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:morg00480 morg01240 morg01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:morg00510 morg01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:morg00510 morg01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:morg00510 morg01100]
M00056 O-glycan biosynthesis, mucin type core [PATH:morg00512 morg01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:morg00515 morg01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:morg00563 morg01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:morg00601 morg01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:morg00601 morg01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH:morg00603 morg01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:morg00604 morg01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:morg00532 morg00534 morg01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:morg00532 morg01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:morg00534 morg01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:morg00531 morg01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:morg00531 morg01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:morg00531 morg01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:morg00531 morg01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:morg00380 morg00760 morg01240 morg01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:morg00770 morg01240 morg01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:morg00785 morg01240 morg01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:morg00785 morg01240 morg01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:morg00790 morg01240 morg01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:morg00790 morg01240 morg01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:morg00670 morg01240 morg01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:morg00860 morg01240 morg01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:morg00130 morg01240 morg01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:morg00900 morg01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:morg00900 morg01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity