KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:nmk00010 nmk01200 nmk01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:nmk00010 nmk01200 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:nmk00010 nmk00020 nmk01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:nmk00010 nmk00020 nmk00620 nmk00785 nmk01200 nmk01210 nmk01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:nmk00020 nmk01200 nmk01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:nmk00020 nmk01200 nmk01210 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:nmk00020 nmk01200 nmk01210 nmk01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:nmk00030 nmk01200 nmk01100 nmk01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:nmk00030 nmk01200 nmk01100 nmk01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:nmk00030 nmk01200 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01120]
M00580 Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:nmk00030 nmk01200 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:nmk00030 nmk00230 nmk01200 nmk01230 nmk01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:nmk00052 nmk01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:nmk00500 nmk01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:nmk00520 nmk01250 nmk01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:nmk00520 nmk00052 nmk01250 nmk01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:nmk00520 nmk01250 nmk01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:nmk00630 nmk01200 nmk01100 nmk01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:nmk00430 nmk00620 nmk01200 nmk01100 nmk01120]

Methane metabolism
M00345 Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:nmk00030 nmk00680 nmk01200 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01120]

Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:nmk00910 nmk01100 nmk01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:nmk00920 nmk01100 nmk01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:nmk00190 nmk01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:nmk00190 nmk01100]
M00416 Cytochrome aa3-600 menaquinol oxidase [PATH:nmk00190 nmk01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:nmk00190 nmk01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:nmk00061 nmk01212 nmk01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:nmk00061 nmk01212 nmk01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:nmk00061 nmk00071 nmk01212 nmk01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:nmk00071 nmk01212 nmk01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:nmk00564 nmk01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:nmk00564 nmk01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:nmk00230 nmk01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:nmk00230 nmk01232 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:nmk00230 nmk01232 nmk01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:nmk00230 nmk00240 nmk01232 nmk01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:nmk00240 nmk01232 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:nmk00240 nmk01232 nmk01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:nmk00240 nmk00410 nmk00770 nmk01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:nmk00260 nmk00680 nmk01200 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:nmk00260 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:nmk00260 nmk00630 nmk00785 nmk01200 nmk01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:nmk00270 nmk00920 nmk01200 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:nmk00270 nmk01230 nmk01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:nmk00290 nmk00770 nmk01210 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:nmk00290 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:nmk00290 nmk01210 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00525 Lysine biosynthesis, acetyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:nmk00300 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:nmk00300 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:nmk00220 nmk01210 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:nmk00220 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:nmk00330 nmk01230 nmk01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:nmk00330 nmk01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:nmk00330 nmk01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:nmk00330 nmk01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:nmk00340 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:nmk00340 nmk01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:nmk00400 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:nmk00400 nmk01230 nmk01100 nmk01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:nmk00730 nmk01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:nmk00740 nmk01240 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:nmk00750 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:nmk00760 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:nmk00770 nmk01240 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:nmk00770 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:nmk00785 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:nmk00790 nmk00670 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:nmk00790 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:nmk00670 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:nmk00860 nmk01240 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:nmk00860 nmk01240 nmk01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:nmk00130 nmk01240 nmk01100 nmk01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:nmk00900 nmk01100 nmk01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:nmk00900 nmk01100 nmk01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:nmk01501]
M00702 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump NorB

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity