KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:paa00010 paa01200 paa01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:paa00010 paa01200 paa01230 paa01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:paa00010 paa00020 paa01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:paa00010 paa00020 paa00620 paa00785 paa01200 paa01210 paa01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:paa00020 paa01200 paa01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:paa00020 paa01200 paa01210 paa01230 paa01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:paa00020 paa01200 paa01210 paa01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:paa00030 paa01200 paa01100 paa01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:paa00030 paa01200 paa01100 paa01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:paa00030 paa01200 paa01230 paa01100 paa01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:paa00030 paa00230 paa01200 paa01230 paa01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:paa00030 paa01200 paa01100 paa01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:paa00040 paa00030 paa01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:paa00500 paa01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:paa00500 paa01100 paa01110]
M00373 Ethylmalonyl pathway [PATH:paa00630 paa01200 paa01100 paa01120]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:paa00280 paa00630 paa00640 paa01200 paa01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:paa00620 paa00710 paa01200 paa01100 paa01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:paa00430 paa00620 paa00720 paa01200 paa01100 paa01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00175 Nitrogen fixation, nitrogen => ammonia [PATH:paa00910 paa01100 paa01120]
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:paa00910 paa01100 paa01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:paa00920 paa01320 paa01100 paa01120]
M00985 Sulfide oxidation, sulfide => sulfur [PATH:paa00920 paa01320 paa01100 paa01120]

Photosynthesis
M00598 Anoxygenic photosystem I

ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:paa00190 paa01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:paa00190 paa01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:paa00190 paa01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:paa00190 paa01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:paa00190 paa01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:paa00190 paa01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:paa00190 paa01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:paa00061 paa01212 paa01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:paa00061 paa01212 paa01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:paa00061 paa00071 paa01212 paa01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:paa00564 paa01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:paa00230 paa01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:paa00230 paa01232 paa01240 paa01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:paa00230 paa01232 paa01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:paa00230 paa00240 paa01232 paa01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:paa00230 paa01232 paa01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:paa00230 paa01232 paa01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:paa00240 paa01232 paa01240 paa01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:paa00240 paa01232 paa01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:paa00240 paa00410 paa00770 paa01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:paa00260 paa00680 paa01200 paa01230 paa01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:paa00260 paa01230 paa01100 paa01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:paa00260 paa00630 paa00670 paa00785 paa01200 paa01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:paa00260 paa00670 paa01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:paa00270 paa00920 paa01320 paa01200 paa01230 paa01100 paa01110]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:paa00270 paa00670 paa01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:paa00290 paa00770 paa01210 paa01230 paa01100 paa01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:paa00290 paa01230 paa01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:paa00290 paa01210 paa01230 paa01100 paa01110]

Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:paa00220 paa01210 paa01230 paa01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:paa00220 paa01230 paa01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:paa00330 paa01230 paa01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:paa00330 paa01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:paa00330 paa01100]
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:paa00330 paa01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:paa00340 paa01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:paa00400 paa01230 paa01100 paa01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:paa00400 paa01230 paa01100 paa01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:paa00480 paa01240 paa01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:paa00520 paa01250 paa01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:paa00520 paa01250 paa01100]
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA [PATH:paa00520 paa00053 paa01250 paa01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:paa00520 paa01250 paa01100]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:paa00541 paa01250 paa01100]
M01028 GDP-DDmanHep biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => GDP-DDmanHep [PATH:paa00541]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:paa00541 paa01250 paa01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:paa00521 paa00523 paa00541 paa01250 paa01100 paa01110]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:paa00541]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00896 Thiamine biosynthesis, archaea, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/TPP [PATH:paa00730 paa01240 paa01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:paa00760 paa01240 paa01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:paa00770 paa01240 paa01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:paa00780 paa01240 paa01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:paa00785 paa01240 paa01100]
M00843 L-threo-Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => L-threo-BH4 [PATH:paa00790 paa01240 paa01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:paa00790 paa01240 paa01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:paa00790 paa01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:paa00860 paa01240 paa01100 paa01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:paa00130 paa01240 paa01100 paa01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:paa00900 paa01100 paa01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:paa00900 paa01100 paa01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:paa01501]

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation