KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pbc00010 pbc01200 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pbc00010 pbc00020 pbc01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pbc00010 pbc00020 pbc00620 pbc00785 pbc01200 pbc01210 pbc01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:pbc00020 pbc01200 pbc01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pbc00020 pbc01200 pbc01210 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:pbc00020 pbc01200 pbc01210 pbc01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pbc00030 pbc01200 pbc01100 pbc01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pbc00030 pbc01200 pbc01100 pbc01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pbc00030 pbc01200 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pbc00030 pbc00230 pbc01200 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:pbc00030 pbc01200 pbc01100 pbc01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:pbc00052 pbc01100]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:pbc00640 pbc00020 pbc01200 pbc01100 pbc01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pbc00910 pbc01310 pbc01100 pbc01120]
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pbc00910 pbc01310 pbc01100 pbc01120]
M00529 Denitrification, nitrate => nitrogen [PATH:pbc00910 pbc01310 pbc01100 pbc01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:pbc00920 pbc01320 pbc01100 pbc01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:pbc00190 pbc01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:pbc00190 pbc01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:pbc00190 pbc01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:pbc00190 pbc01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:pbc00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:pbc00190 pbc01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:pbc00190 pbc01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:pbc00190 pbc01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pbc00061 pbc01212 pbc01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pbc00061 pbc01212 pbc01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pbc00061 pbc00071 pbc01212 pbc01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pbc00071 pbc01212 pbc01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:pbc00564 pbc01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:pbc00230 pbc01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pbc00230 pbc01232 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pbc00230 pbc01232 pbc01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pbc00230 pbc00240 pbc01232 pbc01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:pbc00230 pbc01232 pbc01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:pbc00230 pbc01232 pbc01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pbc00240 pbc01232 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pbc00240 pbc01232 pbc01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:pbc00240 pbc00410 pbc00770 pbc01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pbc00260 pbc00680 pbc01200 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:pbc00260 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pbc00260 pbc00630 pbc00670 pbc00785 pbc01200 pbc01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pbc00260 pbc00670 pbc01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:pbc00260 pbc01100]
M00919 Ectoine degradation, ectoine => aspartate [PATH:pbc00260 pbc01100 pbc01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:pbc00270 pbc00920 pbc01320 pbc01200 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:pbc00270 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:pbc00270 pbc01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pbc00290 pbc00770 pbc01210 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pbc00290 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:pbc00290 pbc01210 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:pbc00280 pbc01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pbc00300 pbc01230 pbc01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:pbc00220 pbc01210 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pbc00220 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pbc00330 pbc01230 pbc01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pbc00330 pbc01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:pbc00330 pbc01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:pbc00340 pbc01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:pbc00400 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:pbc00400 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:pbc00400 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:pbc00400 pbc01230 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:pbc00350 pbc01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:pbc00350 pbc01220 pbc01100 pbc01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pbc00480 pbc01240 pbc01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pbc00520 pbc01250 pbc01100]
M00996 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, anhMurNAc => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:pbc00520 pbc01250 pbc01100 pbc01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:pbc00520 pbc01250 pbc01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:pbc00520 pbc01250 pbc01100]
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA [PATH:pbc00520 pbc00053 pbc01250 pbc01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:pbc00520 pbc01250 pbc01100]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:pbc00541 pbc01250 pbc01100]
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA [PATH:pbc00541]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:pbc00521 pbc00523 pbc00541 pbc01250 pbc01100 pbc01110]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:pbc00740 pbc01240 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pbc00750 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pbc00760 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:pbc00770 pbc01240 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pbc00770 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:pbc00780 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pbc00780 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:pbc00785 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:pbc00790 pbc00670 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pbc00790 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:pbc00790 pbc01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:pbc00860 pbc01240 pbc01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:pbc00130 pbc01240 pbc01100 pbc01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:pbc00130 pbc01240 pbc01100 pbc01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00745 Imipenem resistance, repression of porin OprD
M00641 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexEF-OprN
M00642 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexJK-OprM

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation