KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:pgut00010 pgut01200 pgut01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pgut00010 pgut01200 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pgut00010 pgut00020 pgut01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pgut00020 pgut01200 pgut01210 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pgut00030 pgut01200 pgut01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pgut00030 pgut01200 pgut01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pgut00030 pgut01200 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pgut00030 pgut00230 pgut01200 pgut01230 pgut01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH:pgut00040 pgut01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:pgut00052 pgut01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH:pgut00040 pgut00053 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:pgut00500 pgut01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:pgut00500 pgut01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:pgut00520 pgut01250 pgut01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:pgut00520 pgut00052 pgut01250 pgut01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pgut00520 pgut01250 pgut01100]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:pgut00280 pgut00630 pgut00640 pgut01200 pgut01100]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH:pgut00562 pgut01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH:pgut00562 pgut01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:pgut00562 pgut01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00143 NADH dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) Fe-S protein/flavoprotein complex, mitochondria [PATH:pgut00190 pgut01100]
M00148 Succinate dehydrogenase (ubiquinone) [PATH:pgut00190 pgut01100]
M00160 V-type ATPase, eukaryotes [PATH:pgut00190 pgut01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pgut00061 pgut01212 pgut01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pgut00061 pgut01212 pgut01100]
M00873 Fatty acid biosynthesis in mitochondria, animals [PATH:pgut00061 pgut01212 pgut01100]
M00085 Fatty acid elongation in mitochondria [PATH:pgut00062 pgut01212 pgut01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:pgut00062 pgut01040 pgut01212 pgut01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pgut00061 pgut00071 pgut01212 pgut01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pgut00071 pgut01212 pgut01100]
M00861 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, VLCFA [PATH:pgut01040 pgut01212 pgut01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH:pgut00100 pgut01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH:pgut00120 pgut01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH:pgut00140 pgut01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH:pgut00140 pgut01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:pgut00140 pgut01100]
M00977 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis (androgen backdoor pathway), pregnenolone => androsterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH:pgut00140 pgut01100]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:pgut00561 pgut01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:pgut00561 pgut01100]
M00090 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, choline => PC [PATH:pgut00564 pgut01100]
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:pgut00564 pgut01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:pgut00564 pgut01100]
M00094 Ceramide biosynthesis [PATH:pgut00600 pgut01100]
M00066 Lactosylceramide biosynthesis [PATH:pgut00600 pgut01100]
M00067 Sulfoglycolipids biosynthesis, ceramide/1-alkyl-2-acylglycerol => sulfatide/seminolipid [PATH:pgut00600 pgut00565 pgut01100]
M00099 Sphingosine biosynthesis [PATH:pgut00600 pgut01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:pgut00600 pgut01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:pgut00230 pgut01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pgut00230 pgut01232 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pgut00230 pgut01232 pgut01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pgut00230 pgut00240 pgut01232 pgut01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:pgut00230 pgut01232 pgut01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:pgut00230 pgut01232 pgut01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:pgut00240 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pgut00240 pgut01232 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pgut00240 pgut01232 pgut01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:pgut00240 pgut00410 pgut00770 pgut01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pgut00260 pgut01200 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pgut00260 pgut01100]
M00974 Betaine metabolism, animals, betaine => glycine [PATH:pgut00260 pgut01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:pgut00260 pgut00270 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:pgut00270 pgut01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:pgut00270 pgut01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pgut00220 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00029 Urea cycle [PATH:pgut00220 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pgut00330 pgut01230 pgut01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pgut00330 pgut01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:pgut00330 pgut01100]
M00047 Creatine pathway [PATH:pgut00330 pgut00260 pgut01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:pgut00330 pgut01100]
M00135 GABA biosynthesis, eukaryotes, putrescine => GABA [PATH:pgut00330 pgut01100]

Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH:pgut00350 pgut01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH:pgut00350 pgut01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:pgut00380 pgut01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH:pgut00380 pgut01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:pgut00250 pgut00650 pgut01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pgut00480 pgut01240 pgut01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:pgut00510 pgut01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:pgut00510 pgut01100]
M00075 N-glycan biosynthesis, complex type [PATH:pgut00510 pgut01100]
M00872 O-glycan biosynthesis, mannose type (core M3) [PATH:pgut00515 pgut01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH:pgut00563 pgut01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH:pgut00601 pgut01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH:pgut00601 pgut01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH:pgut00604 pgut01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
M00057 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, linkage tetrasaccharide [PATH:pgut00532 pgut00534 pgut01100]
M00058 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, chondroitin sulfate backbone [PATH:pgut00532 pgut01100]
M00059 Glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, heparan sulfate backbone [PATH:pgut00534 pgut01100]
M00076 Dermatan sulfate degradation [PATH:pgut00531 pgut01100]
M00077 Chondroitin sulfate degradation [PATH:pgut00531 pgut01100]
M00078 Heparan sulfate degradation [PATH:pgut00531 pgut01100]
M00079 Keratan sulfate degradation [PATH:pgut00531 pgut01100]

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pgut00380 pgut00760 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pgut00770 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pgut00790 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:pgut00670 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00868 Heme biosynthesis, animals and fungi, glycine => heme [PATH:pgut00860 pgut01240 pgut01100]
M00128 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, eukaryotes, 4-hydroxybenzoate + polyprenyl-PP => ubiquinol [PATH:pgut00130 pgut01240 pgut01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:pgut00900 pgut01100]
M00367 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-plant eukaryotes [PATH:pgut00900 pgut01100]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity