KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pkr00010 pkr01200 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pkr00010 pkr00020 pkr01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pkr00010 pkr00020 pkr00620 pkr00785 pkr01200 pkr01210 pkr01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:pkr00020 pkr01200 pkr01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pkr00020 pkr01200 pkr01210 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:pkr00020 pkr01200 pkr01210 pkr01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pkr00030 pkr01200 pkr01100 pkr01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P [PATH:pkr00030 pkr01200 pkr01100 pkr01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P [PATH:pkr00030 pkr01200 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP [PATH:pkr00030 pkr00230 pkr01200 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:pkr00030 pkr01200 pkr01100 pkr01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00552 Galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:pkr00052 pkr01100]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:pkr00640 pkr00020 pkr01200 pkr01100 pkr01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pkr00910 pkr01310 pkr01100 pkr01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:pkr00920 pkr01320 pkr01100 pkr01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:pkr00190 pkr01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:pkr00190 pkr01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:pkr00190 pkr01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:pkr00190 pkr01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:pkr00190 pkr01100]
M00156 Cytochrome c oxidase, cbb3-type [PATH:pkr00190 pkr01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:pkr00190 pkr01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pkr00061 pkr01212 pkr01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pkr00061 pkr01212 pkr01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pkr00061 pkr00071 pkr01212 pkr01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pkr00071 pkr01212 pkr01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:pkr00564 pkr01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:pkr00230 pkr01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pkr00230 pkr01232 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pkr00230 pkr01232 pkr01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pkr00230 pkr00240 pkr01232 pkr01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:pkr00230 pkr01232 pkr01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:pkr00230 pkr01232 pkr01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pkr00240 pkr01232 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pkr00240 pkr01232 pkr01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:pkr00240 pkr00410 pkr00770 pkr01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pkr00260 pkr00680 pkr01200 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:pkr00260 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pkr00260 pkr00630 pkr00670 pkr00785 pkr01200 pkr01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pkr00260 pkr00670 pkr01100]
M00975 Betaine degradation, bacteria, betaine => pyruvate [PATH:pkr00260 pkr01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:pkr00270 pkr00920 pkr01320 pkr01200 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:pkr00260 pkr00270 pkr00670 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:pkr00270 pkr01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:pkr00270 pkr00670 pkr01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pkr00290 pkr00770 pkr01210 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pkr00290 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:pkr00290 pkr01210 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:pkr00280 pkr01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pkr00300 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00957 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => glutarate => succinate/acetyl-CoA [PATH:pkr00310 pkr01100 pkr01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:pkr00220 pkr01210 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pkr00220 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pkr00330 pkr01230 pkr01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pkr00330 pkr01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:pkr00330 pkr01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:pkr00340 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:pkr00340 pkr01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:pkr00400 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:pkr00400 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:pkr00400 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:pkr00400 pkr01230 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:pkr00350 pkr01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pkr00480 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00947 D-Arginine racemization, D-arginine => L-arginine [PATH:pkr00470 pkr01100]
M00948 Hydroxyproline degradation, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pkr00470 pkr01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pkr00520 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M00996 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, anhMurNAc => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:pkr00520 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:pkr00520 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:pkr00520 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA [PATH:pkr00520 pkr00053 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:pkr00520 pkr00051 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M01009 UDP-QuiNAc biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-QuiNAc [PATH:pkr00541 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:pkr00541 pkr01250 pkr01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:pkr00521 pkr00523 pkr00541 pkr01250 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M01018 GDP-D-Rha biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-D-Rha [PATH:pkr00541 pkr00051 pkr01250 pkr01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:pkr00740 pkr01240 pkr01100 pkr01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pkr00750 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pkr00760 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pkr00770 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:pkr00780 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pkr00780 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:pkr00785 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:pkr00790 pkr00670 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pkr00790 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:pkr00790 pkr01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:pkr00860 pkr01240 pkr01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:pkr00130 pkr01240 pkr01100 pkr01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00745 Imipenem resistance, repression of porin OprD
M00641 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexEF-OprN
M00642 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexJK-OprM

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation