KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:psom00010 psom01200 psom01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:psom00010 psom01200 psom01230 psom01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:psom00010 psom00020 psom01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:psom00010 psom00020 psom00620 psom00785 psom01200 psom01210 psom01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:psom00020 psom01200 psom01210 psom01230 psom01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:psom00030 psom01200 psom01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:psom00030 psom01200 psom01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:psom00030 psom01200 psom01230 psom01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:psom00030 psom00230 psom01200 psom01230 psom01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:psom00040 psom01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:psom00051 psom00053 psom01240 psom01100 psom01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:psom00500 psom01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:psom00520 psom01250 psom01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:psom00520 psom01250 psom01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:psom00630 psom01200 psom01100 psom01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:psom00630 psom01200 psom01100 psom01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:psom00562 psom01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:psom00710 psom01200 psom01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:psom00620 psom00710 psom01200 psom01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:psom00620 psom00710 psom01200 psom01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:psom00710 psom01200 psom01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:psom00710 psom01200 psom01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:psom00910 psom01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:psom00920 psom01100]

Photosynthesis
M00161 Photosystem II [PATH:psom00195 psom01100]
M00163 Photosystem I [PATH:psom00195 psom01100]

ATP synthesis
M00145 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria [PATH:psom00190 psom01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:psom00190 psom00195 psom01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:psom00061 psom01212 psom01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:psom00061 psom01212 psom01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:psom00062 psom01040 psom01212 psom01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:psom00061 psom00071 psom01212 psom01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:psom00071 psom01212 psom01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:psom00100 psom01100 psom01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:psom00561 psom01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:psom00561 psom01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:psom00564 psom01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:psom00600 psom01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:psom00592 psom01100 psom01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:psom00230 psom01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:psom00230 psom01232 psom01240 psom01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:psom00230 psom01232 psom01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:psom00230 psom00240 psom01232 psom01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:psom00240 psom01232 psom01240 psom01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:psom00240 psom01232 psom01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:psom00240 psom00410 psom00770 psom01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:psom00260 psom01200 psom01230 psom01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:psom00260 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:psom00260 psom00630 psom00785 psom01200 psom01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:psom00260 psom01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:psom00270 psom00920 psom01200 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:psom00270 psom01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:psom00270 psom01100 psom01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:psom00290 psom00770 psom01210 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:psom00290 psom01230 psom01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:psom00290 psom01210 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:psom00280 psom01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:psom00300 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:psom00220 psom01210 psom01230 psom01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:psom00220 psom01230 psom01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:psom00330 psom01230 psom01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:psom00330 psom01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:psom00330 psom01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:psom00330 psom01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:psom00340 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:psom00400 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:psom00400 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:psom00400 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:psom00400 psom01230 psom01100 psom01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:psom00350 psom01100]
M00936 Melatonin biosynthesis, plants, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH:psom00380 psom01100 psom01110]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:psom00250 psom00650 psom01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:psom00480 psom01240 psom01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:psom00510 psom01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:psom00510 psom01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00897 Thiamine biosynthesis, plants, AIR (+ NAD+) => TMP/thiamine/TPP [PATH:psom00730 psom01240 psom01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:psom00730 psom01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:psom00740 psom01240 psom01100 psom01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:psom00750 psom01240 psom01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:psom00760 psom01240 psom01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:psom00770 psom01240 psom01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:psom00780 psom01240 psom01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:psom00785 psom01240 psom01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:psom00785 psom01240 psom01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:psom00790 psom00670 psom01240 psom01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:psom00790 psom01240 psom01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:psom00860 psom01240 psom01100 psom01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:psom00130 psom01240 psom01100 psom01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:psom00130 psom01240 psom01100 psom01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:psom00130 psom01240 psom01100 psom01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00095 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, mevalonate pathway [PATH:psom00900 psom01100 psom01110]
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:psom00900 psom01100 psom01110]
M00366 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, plants [PATH:psom00900 psom01100 psom01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:psom00906 psom01100 psom01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:psom00906 psom01100 psom01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:psom00905 psom01100 psom01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:psom00904 psom01100 psom01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:psom00904 psom01100 psom01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:psom00940 psom01100 psom01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:psom00940 psom00941 psom01100 psom01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:psom00941 psom01100 psom01110]
M00943 Reticuline biosynthesis, dopamine + 4HPAA => (S)-reticuline [PATH:psom00950 psom01100 psom01110]
M00944 Morphine biosynthesis, (S)-reticuline => morphine [PATH:psom00950 psom01100 psom01110]
M00945 Sanguinarine biosynthesis, (S)-reticuline => sanguinarine [PATH:psom00950 psom01100 psom01110]
M00946 Noscapine biosynthesis, (S)-reticuline => noscapine [PATH:psom00950 psom01100 psom01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00611 Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation