KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:pvy00010 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:pvy00010 pvy01200 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:pvy00010 pvy00020 pvy01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:pvy00010 pvy00020 pvy00620 pvy00785 pvy01200 pvy01210 pvy01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:pvy00020 pvy01200 pvy01210 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:pvy00030 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:pvy00030 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:pvy00030 pvy01200 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:pvy00030 pvy00230 pvy01200 pvy01230 pvy01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00081 Pectin degradation [PATH:pvy00040 pvy01100]
M00114 Ascorbate biosynthesis, plants, fructose-6P => ascorbate [PATH:pvy00051 pvy00053 pvy01240 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:pvy00500 pvy01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:pvy00520 pvy01250 pvy01100]
M00892 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, eukaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:pvy00520 pvy01250 pvy01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:pvy00630 pvy01200 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00532 Photorespiration [PATH:pvy00630 pvy01200 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH:pvy00562 pvy01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00165 Reductive pentose phosphate cycle (Calvin cycle) [PATH:pvy00710 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:pvy00620 pvy00710 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00169 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), light [PATH:pvy00620 pvy00710 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00171 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, NAD - malic enzyme type [PATH:pvy00710 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00170 C4-dicarboxylic acid cycle, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase type [PATH:pvy00710 pvy01200 pvy01100]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:pvy00910 pvy01100]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:pvy00920 pvy01100]

Photosynthesis
M00163 Photosystem I [PATH:pvy00195 pvy01100]

ATP synthesis
M00145 NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, chloroplasts and cyanobacteria [PATH:pvy00190 pvy01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:pvy00190 pvy00195 pvy01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:pvy00061 pvy01212 pvy01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:pvy00061 pvy01212 pvy01100]
M00415 Fatty acid elongation in endoplasmic reticulum [PATH:pvy00062 pvy01040 pvy01212 pvy01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:pvy00061 pvy00071 pvy01212 pvy01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:pvy00071 pvy01212 pvy01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
M00917 Phytosterol biosynthesis, squalene 2,3-epoxide => campesterol/sitosterol [PATH:pvy00100 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Lipid metabolism
M00089 Triacylglycerol biosynthesis [PATH:pvy00561 pvy01100]
M00098 Acylglycerol degradation [PATH:pvy00561 pvy01100]
M00092 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, ethanolamine => PE [PATH:pvy00564 pvy01100]
M00100 Sphingosine degradation [PATH:pvy00600 pvy01100]
M00113 Jasmonic acid biosynthesis [PATH:pvy00592 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:pvy00230 pvy01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:pvy00230 pvy01232 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:pvy00230 pvy01232 pvy01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:pvy00230 pvy00240 pvy01232 pvy01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:pvy00240 pvy01232 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:pvy00240 pvy01232 pvy01100]
M00046 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => beta-alanine, thymine => 3-aminoisobutanoate [PATH:pvy00240 pvy00410 pvy00770 pvy01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:pvy00260 pvy01200 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:pvy00260 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:pvy00260 pvy00630 pvy00785 pvy01200 pvy01100]
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine [PATH:pvy00260 pvy01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:pvy00270 pvy00920 pvy01200 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:pvy00270 pvy01100]
M00368 Ethylene biosynthesis, methionine => ethylene [PATH:pvy00270 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pvy00290 pvy00770 pvy01210 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:pvy00290 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:pvy00290 pvy01210 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00036 Leucine degradation, leucine => acetoacetate + acetyl-CoA [PATH:pvy00280 pvy01100]

Lysine metabolism
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:pvy00300 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:pvy00220 pvy01210 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:pvy00220 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:pvy00330 pvy01230 pvy01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:pvy00330 pvy01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:pvy00330 pvy01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:pvy00330 pvy01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:pvy00340 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:pvy00400 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:pvy00400 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00910 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => phenylalanine [PATH:pvy00400 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00040 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => arogenate => tyrosine [PATH:pvy00400 pvy01230 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH:pvy00350 pvy01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:pvy00250 pvy00650 pvy01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:pvy00480 pvy01240 pvy01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH:pvy00510 pvy01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH:pvy00510 pvy01100]

Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:pvy00730 pvy01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:pvy00740 pvy01240 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:pvy00750 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:pvy00760 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:pvy00770 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:pvy00780 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:pvy00785 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:pvy00785 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:pvy00790 pvy00670 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:pvy00790 pvy01240 pvy01100]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:pvy00860 pvy01240 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00932 Phylloquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ phytyl-PP) => phylloquinol [PATH:pvy00130 pvy01240 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00112 Tocopherol/tocotorienol biosynthesis, homogentisate + phytyl/geranylgeranyl-PP => tocopherol/tocotorienol [PATH:pvy00130 pvy01240 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00933 Plastoquinone biosynthesis, homogentisate + solanesyl-PP => plastoquinol [PATH:pvy00130 pvy01240 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
M00097 beta-Carotene biosynthesis, GGAP => beta-carotene [PATH:pvy00906 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00372 Abscisic acid biosynthesis, beta-carotene => abscisic acid [PATH:pvy00906 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00371 Castasterone biosynthesis, campesterol => castasterone [PATH:pvy00905 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00927 Gibberellin A12 biosynthesis, GAPP => GA12 [PATH:pvy00904 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00928 Gibberellin A4/A1 biosynthesis, GA12/GA53 => GA4/GA1 [PATH:pvy00904 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
M00039 Monolignol biosynthesis, phenylalanine/tyrosine => monolignol [PATH:pvy00940 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00137 Flavanone biosynthesis, phenylalanine => naringenin [PATH:pvy00940 pvy00941 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00940 Flavanone biosynthesis, p-coumaroyl-CoA => liquiritigenin [PATH:pvy00941 pvy01100 pvy01110]
M00138 Flavonoid biosynthesis, naringenin => pelargonidin [PATH:pvy00941 pvy01100 pvy01110]

Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00611 Oxygenic photosynthesis in plants and cyanobacteria
M00615 Nitrate assimilation