KEGG Modules
Pathway modules
Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH: sar00010 sar01200 sar01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH: sar00010 sar01200 sar01230 sar01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH: sar00010 sar00020 sar01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH: sar00010 sar00020 sar00620 sar00785 sar01200 sar01210 sar01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH: sar00020 sar01200 sar01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH: sar00020 sar01200 sar01210 sar01230 sar01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH: sar00020 sar01200 sar01210 sar01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH: sar00030 sar01200 sar01100 sar01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH: sar00030 sar01200 sar01100 sar01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: sar00030 sar01200 sar01230 sar01100 sar01120]
M00580 Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH: sar00030 sar01200 sar01230 sar01100 sar01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH: sar00030 sar00230 sar01200 sar01230 sar01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH: sar00030 sar01200 sar01100 sar01120]
Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00014 Glucuronate pathway (uronate pathway) [PATH: sar00040 sar01100]
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH: sar00040 sar00030 sar01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH: sar00040 sar00030 sar01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH: sar00052 sar01100]
M00129 Ascorbate biosynthesis, animals, glucose-1P => ascorbate [PATH: sar00040 sar00053 sar01240 sar01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH: sar00500 sar01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH: sar00500 sar01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH: sar00630 sar01200 sar01100 sar01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH: sar00280 sar00630 sar00640 sar01200 sar01100]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH: sar00640 sar00020 sar01200 sar01100 sar01120]
M00130 Inositol phosphate metabolism, PI=> PIP2 => Ins(1,4,5)P3 => Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 [PATH: sar00562 sar01100]
M00131 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4,5)P4 => Ins(1,3,4)P3 => myo-inositol [PATH: sar00562 sar01100]
M00132 Inositol phosphate metabolism, Ins(1,3,4)P3 => phytate [PATH: sar00562 sar01100]
Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
Sulfur metabolism
Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
Sterol biosynthesis
M00101 Cholesterol biosynthesis, FPP => cholesterol [PATH: sar01100]
M00103 Cholecalciferol biosynthesis [PATH: sar01100]
M00106 Conjugated bile acid biosynthesis, cholate => taurocholate/glycocholate [PATH: sar01100]
M00862 beta-Oxidation, peroxisome, tri/dihydroxycholestanoyl-CoA => choloyl/chenodeoxycholoyl-CoA [PATH: sar01100]
M00107 Steroid hormone biosynthesis, cholesterol => pregnenolone => progesterone [PATH: sar01100]
M00109 C21-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, progesterone => cortisol/cortisone [PATH: sar01100]
M00110 C19/C18-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => androstenedione => estrone [PATH: sar01100]
M00976 C19-Steroid hormone biosynthesis, pregnenolone => testosterone => dihydrotestosterone [PATH: sar01100]
Lipid metabolism
Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
Pyrimidine metabolism
Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
Cysteine and methionine metabolism
Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
Lysine metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism
Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH: sar00400 sar01230 sar01100 sar01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH: sar00400 sar01230 sar01100 sar01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH: sar00400 sar01230 sar01100 sar01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH: sar00400 sar01230 sar01100]
M00042 Catecholamine biosynthesis, tyrosine => dopamine => noradrenaline => adrenaline [PATH: sar00350 sar01100]
M00043 Thyroid hormone biosynthesis, tyrosine => triiodothyronine/thyroxine [PATH: sar00350 sar01100]
M00044 Tyrosine degradation, tyrosine => homogentisate [PATH: sar00350 sar01100]
M00037 Melatonin biosynthesis, animals, tryptophan => serotonin => melatonin [PATH: sar00380 sar01100]
M00038 Tryptophan metabolism, tryptophan => kynurenine => 2-aminomuconate [PATH: sar00380 sar01100]
Other amino acid metabolism
Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00892 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, eukaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100]
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100]
M01003 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, GlcNAc => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100]
M00996 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, anhMurNAc => UDP-MurNAc [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100 sar01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100]
M01004 UDP-Galf biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-Galf [PATH: sar00520 sar00052 sar01250 sar01100]
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA [PATH: sar00520 sar00053 sar01250 sar01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH: sar00520 sar00052 sar01250 sar01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100]
M01001 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, L-Fuc => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH: sar00520 sar01250 sar01100]
M00923 UDP-L-FucNAc biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-L-FucNAc [PATH: sar00541 sar01250 sar01100]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH: sar00541 sar01250 sar01100]
M00955 CMP-Neu5Ac/Neu5Gc biosynthesis, animals, UDP-GlcNAc => CMP-Neu5Ac => CMP-Neu5Gc [PATH: sar00541 sar01250 sar01100]
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA [PATH: sar00541]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH: sar00521 sar00541 sar01250 sar01100 sar01110]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH: sar00541]
Glycan biosynthesis
M00055 N-glycan precursor biosynthesis [PATH: sar01100]
M00072 N-glycosylation by oligosaccharyltransferase [PATH: sar01100]
M00073 N-glycan precursor trimming [PATH: sar01100]
M00065 GPI-anchor biosynthesis, core oligosaccharide [PATH: sar01100]
M00983 GPI-anchor remodeling [PATH: sar01100]
M00070 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, lacto-series, LacCer => Lc4Cer [PATH: sar01100]
M00071 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, neolacto-series, LacCer => nLc4Cer [PATH: sar01100]
M00068 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, globo-series, LacCer => Gb4Cer [PATH: sar01100]
M00069 Glycosphingolipid biosynthesis, ganglio series, LacCer => GT3 [PATH: sar01100]
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sar00730 sar01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sar00740 sar01240 sar01100 sar01110]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sar00750 sar01240 sar01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sar00760 sar01240 sar01100]
M00912 NAD biosynthesis, tryptophan => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sar00380 sar00760 sar01240 sar01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sar00770 sar01240 sar01100 sar01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sar00770 sar01240 sar01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sar00780 sar01240 sar01100]
M00577 Biotin biosynthesis, BioW pathway, pimelate => pimeloyl-CoA => biotin [PATH:sar00780 sar01240 sar01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sar00785 sar01240 sar01100]
M00882 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, eukaryotes, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H [PATH:sar00785 sar01240 sar01100]
M00883 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, animals and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-H => dihydrolipoyl-E2 [PATH:sar00785 sar01240 sar01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sar00790 sar00670 sar01240 sar01100]
M00842 Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis, GTP => BH4 [PATH:sar00790 sar01240 sar01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sar00790 sar01240 sar01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:sar00790 sar01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:sar00670 sar01240 sar01100]
M00141 C1-unit interconversion, eukaryotes [PATH:sar00670 sar01240 sar01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sar00860 sar01240 sar01100 sar01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:sar00860 sar01240 sar01100 sar01110]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:sar00860 sar01240 sar01100]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:sar00860 sar01240 sar01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sar00860 sar01240 sar01100]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sar00130 sar01240 sar01100 sar01110]
M00930 Menaquinone biosynthesis, futalosine pathway [PATH:sar00130 sar01240 sar01100]
Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Signature modules
Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00625 Methicillin resistance [PATH:sar01501]
M00627 beta-Lactam resistance, Bla system [PATH:sar01501]
M00704 Tetracycline resistance, efflux pump Tet38
M00725 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, dltABCD operon [PATH:sar01503]
M00726 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, lysyl-phosphatidylglycerol (L-PG) synthase MprF [PATH:sar01503]
M00730 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, VraFG transporter [PATH:sar01503]
M00642 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MexJK-OprM
M00700 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AbcA
M00702 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump NorB
M00705 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump MepA
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
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