KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sct00010 sct01200 sct01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sct00010 sct01200 sct01230 sct01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sct00010 sct00020 sct01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sct00010 sct00020 sct00620 sct01200 sct01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sct00020 sct01200 sct01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sct00020 sct01200 sct01210 sct01230 sct01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sct00020 sct01200 sct01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sct00030 sct01200 sct01100 sct01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:sct00030 sct01200 sct01100 sct01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sct00030 sct01200 sct01230 sct01100 sct01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:sct00030 sct00230 sct01200 sct01230 sct01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sct00052 sct01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:sct00520 sct00052 sct01250 sct01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sct00520 sct01250 sct01100]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sct00620 sct01200 sct01100 sct01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sct00430 sct00620 sct01200 sct01100 sct01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sct00910 sct01100 sct01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sct00920 sct01100 sct01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sct00190]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sct00190]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:sct00190]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:sct00190]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sct00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sct00061 sct01212 sct01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sct00061 sct00071 sct01212 sct01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sct00071 sct01212 sct01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00091 Phosphatidylcholine (PC) biosynthesis, PE => PC [PATH:sct00564 sct01100]
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sct00564 sct01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sct00230 sct01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sct00230 sct01232 sct01240 sct01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sct00230 sct01232 sct01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sct00230 sct00240 sct01232 sct01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:sct00230 sct01232 sct01100]
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate [PATH:sct00230 sct01232 sct01100]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:sct00230 sct01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sct00240 sct01232 sct01240 sct01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sct00240 sct01232 sct01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sct00260 sct00680 sct01200 sct01230 sct01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sct00260 sct01230 sct01100 sct01110]
M00033 Ectoine biosynthesis, aspartate => ectoine [PATH:sct00260 sct01210 sct01230 sct01100 sct01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:sct00260 sct00270 sct01230 sct01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:sct00270 sct01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sct00290 sct00770 sct01210 sct01230 sct01100 sct01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sct00290 sct01230 sct01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:sct00290 sct01210 sct01230 sct01100 sct01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sct00300 sct01230 sct01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sct00220 sct01210 sct01230 sct01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sct00220 sct01230 sct01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sct00330 sct01230 sct01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sct00340 sct01230 sct01100 sct01110]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:sct00250 sct00650 sct01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sct00750 sct01240 sct01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sct00760 sct01240 sct01100]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sct00770 sct01240 sct01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sct00780 sct01240 sct01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sct00785 sct01240 sct01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sct00860 sct01240 sct01100 sct01110]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:sct00860 sct01240 sct01100]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:sct00860 sct01240 sct01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sct00860 sct01240 sct01100]
M00930 Menaquinone biosynthesis, futalosine pathway [PATH:sct00130 sct01240 sct01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:sct00900 sct01100 sct01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sct00900 sct01100 sct01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
M00673 Cephamycin C biosynthesis, aminoadipate + cycteine + valine => cephamycin C [PATH:sct00311 sct01100 sct01110]

Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
M00906 Ethynylserine biosynthesis, lysine => ethynylserine [PATH:sct00997 sct01100 sct01110]

Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity