KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sel00010 sel01200 sel01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sel00010 sel01200 sel01230 sel01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sel00010 sel00020 sel01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sel00010 sel00020 sel00620 sel00785 sel01200 sel01210 sel01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sel00020 sel01200 sel01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sel00020 sel01200 sel01210 sel01230 sel01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sel00020 sel01200 sel01210 sel01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sel00030 sel01200 sel01100 sel01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P [PATH:sel00030 sel01200 sel01100 sel01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P [PATH:sel00030 sel01200 sel01230 sel01100 sel01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP [PATH:sel00030 sel00230 sel01200 sel01230 sel01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:sel00030 sel01200 sel01100 sel01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde-3P [PATH:sel00040 sel00030 sel01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sel00052 sel01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:sel00052 sel01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:sel00053 sel01100 sel01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:sel00500 sel01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sel00500 sel01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:sel00630 sel01200 sel01100 sel01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:sel00640 sel00020 sel01200 sel01100 sel01120]
M01049 Sulfoquinovose degradation, sulfoglycolytic Embden-Meyerhof pathway, beta-sulfoquinovose => (S)-DHPS [PATH:sel00566]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sel00620 sel00710 sel01200 sel01100 sel01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sel00430 sel00620 sel00720 sel01200 sel01100 sel01120]

Methane metabolism
M00345 Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:sel00030 sel00680 sel01200 sel01230 sel01100 sel01120]

Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sel00910 sel01310 sel01100 sel01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sel00920 sel01320 sel01100 sel01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sel00190 sel01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sel00190 sel01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sel00190 sel01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sel00190 sel01100]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sel00190 sel01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sel00190 sel01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sel00061 sel01212 sel01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sel00061 sel00071 sel01212 sel01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sel00071 sel01212 sel01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sel00564 sel01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sel00230 sel01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sel00230 sel01232 sel01240 sel01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sel00230 sel01232 sel01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sel00230 sel00240 sel01232 sel01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sel00240 sel01240 sel01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sel00240 sel01232 sel01240 sel01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sel00240 sel01232 sel01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sel00260 sel00680 sel01200 sel01230 sel01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sel00260 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sel00260 sel00630 sel00670 sel00785 sel01200 sel01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sel00270 sel00920 sel01320 sel01200 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:sel00270 sel01230 sel01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sel00290 sel00770 sel01210 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sel00290 sel01230 sel01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:sel00290 sel01210 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sel00300 sel01230 sel01100]
M00526 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP dehydrogenase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sel00300 sel01230 sel01100]
M00527 Lysine biosynthesis, DAP aminotransferase pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sel00300 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sel00220 sel01210 sel01230 sel01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sel00220 sel01230 sel01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sel00330 sel01230 sel01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sel00330 sel01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:sel00330 sel01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sel00340 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:sel00340 sel01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:sel00400 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:sel00400 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:sel00400 sel01230 sel01100 sel01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:sel00400 sel01230 sel01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:sel00350 sel01220 sel01100 sel01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sel00480 sel01240 sel01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sel00520 sel01250 sel01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:sel00520 sel01250 sel01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:sel00520 sel01250 sel01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:sel00520 sel00052 sel01250 sel01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:sel00520 sel00051 sel01250 sel01100]
M01015 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Man => GDP-Man [PATH:sel00520 sel00051 sel01250 sel01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:sel00541 sel01250 sel01100]
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA [PATH:sel00541 sel01250 sel01100]
M00064 ADP-LDmanHep biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:sel00541 sel01250 sel01100]
M00761 Und-P-alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-L-Ara4FN => Und-P-alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:sel00541 sel01250 sel01100]
M01029 CDP-Tyv biosynthesis, Glc-1P => CDP-Par => CDP-Tyv [PATH:sel00541 sel01250 sel01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:sel00521 sel00523 sel00541 sel01250 sel01100 sel01110]
M01025 dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc [PATH:sel00541 sel01250 sel01100]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:sel00541 sel00051 sel01250 sel01100]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:sel00540 sel01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:sel00730 sel01240 sel01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sel00730 sel01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sel00740 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sel00750 sel01240 sel01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sel00760 sel01240 sel01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sel00770 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sel00770 sel01240 sel01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:sel00780 sel01240 sel01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sel00780 sel01240 sel01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sel00785 sel01240 sel01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sel00790 sel00670 sel01240 sel01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sel00790 sel01240 sel01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:sel00790 sel01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:sel00670 sel01240 sel01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sel00860 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:sel00860 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]
M00847 Heme biosynthesis, archaea, siroheme => heme [PATH:sel00860 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:sel00860 sel01240 sel01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sel00860 sel01240 sel01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sel00130 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sel00130 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sel00130 sel01240 sel01100 sel01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sel00900 sel01100 sel01110]

Terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Biosynthesis of other compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity