KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sene00010 sene01200 sene01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sene00010 sene01200 sene01230 sene01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sene00010 sene00020 sene01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sene00010 sene00020 sene00620 sene00785 sene01200 sene01210 sene01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sene00020 sene01200 sene01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sene00020 sene01200 sene01210 sene01230 sene01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sene00020 sene01200 sene01210 sene01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sene00030 sene01200 sene01100 sene01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:sene00030 sene01200 sene01100 sene01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sene00030 sene01200 sene01230 sene01100 sene01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:sene00030 sene00230 sene01200 sene01230 sene01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:sene00030 sene01200 sene01100 sene01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:sene00040 sene00030 sene01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sene00052 sene01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:sene00052 sene01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:sene00053 sene01100 sene01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:sene00500 sene01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sene00500 sene01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:sene00500 sene01100 sene01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:sene00630 sene01200 sene01100 sene01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:sene00640 sene00020 sene01200 sene01100 sene01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sene00620 sene00710 sene01200 sene01100 sene01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sene00430 sene00620 sene00720 sene01200 sene01100 sene01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sene00910 sene01310 sene01100 sene01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sene00920 sene01320 sene01100 sene01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sene00190 sene01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sene00190 sene01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sene00190 sene01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sene00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sene00190 sene01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sene00190 sene01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sene00061 sene01212 sene01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sene00061 sene01212 sene01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sene00061 sene00071 sene01212 sene01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sene00071 sene01212 sene01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sene00564 sene01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sene00230 sene01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sene00230 sene01232 sene01240 sene01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sene00230 sene01232 sene01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sene00230 sene00240 sene01232 sene01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sene00240 sene01240 sene01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sene00240 sene01232 sene01240 sene01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sene00240 sene01232 sene01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sene00260 sene00680 sene01200 sene01230 sene01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sene00260 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sene00260 sene00630 sene00670 sene00785 sene01200 sene01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sene00270 sene00920 sene01320 sene01200 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:sene00270 sene01230 sene01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sene00290 sene00770 sene01210 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sene00290 sene01230 sene01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:sene00290 sene01210 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sene00300 sene01230 sene01100]
M00956 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => succinate [PATH:sene00310 sene01100 sene01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sene00220 sene01210 sene01230 sene01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sene00220 sene01230 sene01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sene00330 sene01230 sene01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sene00330 sene01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:sene00330 sene01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:sene00330 sene01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sene00340 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:sene00340 sene01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:sene00400 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:sene00400 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:sene00400 sene01230 sene01100 sene01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:sene00400 sene01230 sene01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:sene00350 sene01220 sene01100 sene01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sene00480 sene01240 sene01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sene00520 sene01250 sene01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:sene00520 sene01250 sene01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:sene00520 sene01250 sene01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:sene00520 sene00052 sene01250 sene01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:sene00520 sene01250 sene01100]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:sene00541 sene01250 sene01100]
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA [PATH:sene00541]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:sene00541 sene01250 sene01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:sene00541 sene01100]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:sene00541]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:sene00540 sene01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:sene00730 sene01240 sene01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sene00730 sene01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sene00740 sene01240 sene01100 sene01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sene00750 sene01240 sene01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sene00760 sene01240 sene01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sene00770 sene01240 sene01100 sene01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sene00770 sene01240 sene01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:sene00780 sene01240 sene01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sene00780 sene01240 sene01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sene00785 sene01240 sene01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sene00790 sene00670 sene01240 sene01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sene00790 sene01240 sene01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:sene00790 sene01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sene00860 sene01240 sene01100 sene01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:sene00860 sene01240 sene01100 sene01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:sene00860 sene01240 sene01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sene00860 sene01240 sene01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sene00130 sene01240 sene01100 sene01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sene00130 sene01240 sene01100 sene01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sene00130 sene01240 sene01100 sene01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:sene00900 sene01100 sene01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sene00900 sene01100 sene01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation