KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sey00010 sey01200 sey01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sey00010 sey01200 sey01230 sey01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sey00010 sey00020 sey01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sey00010 sey00020 sey00620 sey00785 sey01200 sey01210 sey01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sey00020 sey01200 sey01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sey00020 sey01200 sey01210 sey01230 sey01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sey00020 sey01200 sey01210 sey01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sey00030 sey01200 sey01100 sey01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:sey00030 sey01200 sey01100 sey01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sey00030 sey01200 sey01230 sey01100 sey01120]
M00580 Pentose phosphate pathway, archaea, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sey00030 sey01200 sey01230 sey01100 sey01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:sey00030 sey00230 sey01200 sey01230 sey01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:sey00030 sey01200 sey01100 sey01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:sey00040 sey00030 sey01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sey00052 sey01100]
M00552 D-galactonate degradation, De Ley-Doudoroff pathway, D-galactonate => glycerate-3P [PATH:sey00052 sey01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:sey00053 sey01100 sey01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:sey00500 sey01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sey00500 sey01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:sey00500 sey01100 sey01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:sey00630 sey01200 sey01100 sey01110]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:sey00640 sey00020 sey01200 sey01100 sey01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sey00620 sey00710 sey01200 sey01100 sey01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sey00430 sey00620 sey00720 sey01200 sey01100 sey01120]

Methane metabolism
M00345 Formaldehyde assimilation, ribulose monophosphate pathway [PATH:sey00030 sey00680 sey01200 sey01230 sey01100 sey01120]

Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sey00910 sey01310 sey01100 sey01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sey00920 sey01320 sey01100 sey01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sey00190 sey01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sey00190 sey01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sey00190 sey01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sey00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sey00190 sey01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sey00190 sey01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sey00061 sey01212 sey01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sey00061 sey01212 sey01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sey00061 sey00071 sey01212 sey01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sey00071 sey01212 sey01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sey00564 sey01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sey00230 sey01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sey00230 sey01232 sey01240 sey01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sey00230 sey01232 sey01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sey00230 sey00240 sey01232 sey01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sey00240 sey01240 sey01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sey00240 sey01232 sey01240 sey01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sey00240 sey01232 sey01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sey00260 sey00680 sey01200 sey01230 sey01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sey00260 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sey00260 sey00630 sey00670 sey00785 sey01200 sey01100]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sey00270 sey00920 sey01320 sey01200 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:sey00270 sey01230 sey01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sey00290 sey00770 sey01210 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sey00290 sey01230 sey01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:sey00290 sey01210 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sey00300 sey01230 sey01100]
M00956 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => succinate [PATH:sey00310 sey01100 sey01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sey00220 sey01210 sey01230 sey01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sey00220 sey01230 sey01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sey00330 sey01230 sey01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sey00330 sey01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:sey00330 sey01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:sey00330 sey01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sey00340 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:sey00340 sey01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:sey00400 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:sey00400 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:sey00400 sey01230 sey01100 sey01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:sey00400 sey01230 sey01100]
M00533 Homoprotocatechuate degradation, homoprotocatechuate => 2-oxohept-3-enedioate [PATH:sey00350 sey01220 sey01100 sey01120]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sey00480 sey01240 sey01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sey00520 sey01250 sey01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:sey00520]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:sey00520 sey01250 sey01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:sey00520 sey00052 sey01250 sey01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:sey00520]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:sey00541 sey01250 sey01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:sey00541 sey01250 sey01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:sey00541 sey01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:sey00521 sey00523 sey00541 sey01250 sey01100 sey01110]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:sey00540 sey01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:sey00730 sey01240 sey01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sey00730 sey01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sey00740 sey01240 sey01100 sey01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sey00750 sey01240 sey01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sey00760 sey01240 sey01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sey00770 sey01240 sey01100 sey01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sey00770 sey01240 sey01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:sey00780 sey01240 sey01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sey00780 sey01240 sey01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sey00785 sey01240 sey01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sey00790 sey00670 sey01240 sey01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sey00790 sey01240 sey01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:sey00790 sey01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sey00860 sey01240 sey01100 sey01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:sey00860 sey01240 sey01100 sey01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:sey00860 sey01240 sey01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sey00860 sey01240 sey01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sey00130 sey01240 sey01100 sey01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sey00130 sey01240 sey01100 sey01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sey00130 sey01240 sey01100 sey01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:sey00900 sey01100 sey01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sey00900 sey01100 sey01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE
M00696 Multidrug resistance, efflux pump AcrEF-TolC
M00746 Multidrug resistance, repression of porin OmpF

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation