KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle)
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle)
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose-6P => ribulose-5P
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose-6P => ribose-5P
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose-5P => PRPP
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 Glucuronate degradation, glucuronate => pyruvate + glyceraldehyde-3P
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate

Nitrogen metabolism
M00531 Assimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S

ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis
M00087 beta-Oxidation

Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate
M00959 Guanine ribonucleotide degradation, GMP => Urate

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP
M00939 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => 3-hydroxypropanoate

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine
M00621 Glycine cleavage system
M00555 Betaine biosynthesis, choline => betaine

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway
M00035 Methionine degradation

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine
M00136 GABA biosynthesis, prokaryotes, putrescine => GABA

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione
M00948 Hydroxyproline degradation, trans-4-hydroxy-L-proline => 2-oxoglutarate

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc
M00999 UDP-GlcA/GalA biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-GlcA => UDP-GalA
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA
M00064 ADP-LDmanHep biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep
M00761 Und-P-alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-L-Ara4FN => Und-P-alpha-L-Ara4N
M00793 dTDP-L-Rha biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-L-Rha
M01025 dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc biosynthesis, Glc-1P => dTDP-D-Fuc4NAc

Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD
M00124 Pyridoxal phosphate biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD
M00622 Nicotinate degradation, nicotinate => fumarate
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) =>..
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria

Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
M00790 Pyrrolnitrin biosynthesis, tryptophan => pyrrolnitrin
M00837 Prodigiosin biosynthesis, L-proline => prodigiosin
M00918 Aerobactin biosynthesis, lysine => aerobactin

Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00615 Nitrate assimilation
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation