KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:sty00010 sty01200 sty01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:sty00010 sty01200 sty01230 sty01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:sty00010 sty00020 sty01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:sty00010 sty00020 sty00620 sty00785 sty01200 sty01210 sty01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:sty00020 sty01200 sty01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:sty00020 sty01200 sty01210 sty01230 sty01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:sty00020 sty01200 sty01210 sty01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:sty00030 sty01200 sty01100 sty01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:sty00030 sty01200 sty01100 sty01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:sty00030 sty01200 sty01230 sty01100 sty01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:sty00030 sty00230 sty01200 sty01230 sty01100]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:sty00040 sty00030 sty01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:sty00052 sty01100]
M00550 Ascorbate degradation, ascorbate => D-xylulose-5P [PATH:sty00053 sty01100 sty01120]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:sty00500 sty01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:sty00500 sty01100]
M00565 Trehalose biosynthesis, D-glucose 1P => trehalose [PATH:sty00500 sty01100 sty01110]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:sty00630 sty01200 sty01100 sty01110]
M00741 Propanoyl-CoA metabolism, propanoyl-CoA => succinyl-CoA [PATH:sty00280 sty00630 sty00640 sty01200 sty01100]
M00982 Methylcitrate cycle [PATH:sty00640 sty00020 sty01200 sty01100 sty01120]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:sty00620 sty00710 sty01200 sty01100 sty01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:sty00430 sty00620 sty00720 sty01200 sty01100 sty01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:sty00910 sty01310 sty01100 sty01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:sty00920 sty01320 sty01100 sty01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sty00190 sty01100]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:sty00190 sty01100]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:sty00190 sty01100]
M00151 Cytochrome bc1 complex respiratory unit [PATH:sty00190 sty01100]
M00155 Cytochrome c oxidase, prokaryotes [PATH:sty00190 sty01100]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sty00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:sty00190 sty01100]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:sty00190 sty01100]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:sty00061 sty01212 sty01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:sty00061 sty01212 sty01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:sty00061 sty00071 sty01212 sty01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:sty00071 sty01212 sty01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:sty00564 sty01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:sty00230 sty01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:sty00230 sty01232 sty01240 sty01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:sty00230 sty01232 sty01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:sty00230 sty00240 sty01232 sty01100]
M00958 Adenine ribonucleotide degradation, AMP => Urate [PATH:sty00230 sty01232 sty01100]
M00546 Purine degradation, xanthine => urea [PATH:sty00230 sty01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:sty00240 sty01240 sty01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:sty00240 sty01232 sty01240 sty01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:sty00240 sty01232 sty01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:sty00260 sty00680 sty01200 sty01230 sty01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:sty00260 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]
M00621 Glycine cleavage system [PATH:sty00260 sty00630 sty00670 sty00785 sty01200 sty01100]
M00033 Ectoine biosynthesis, aspartate => ectoine [PATH:sty00260 sty01210 sty01230 sty01100 sty01120]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:sty00270 sty00920 sty01320 sty01200 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:sty00260 sty00270 sty00670 sty01230 sty01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:sty00270 sty01230 sty01100]
M00035 Methionine degradation [PATH:sty00270 sty00670 sty01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sty00290 sty00770 sty01210 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:sty00290 sty01230 sty01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:sty00290 sty01210 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:sty00300 sty01230 sty01100]
M00956 Lysine degradation, bacteria, L-lysine => succinate [PATH:sty00310 sty01100 sty01120]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:sty00220 sty01210 sty01230 sty01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:sty00220 sty01230 sty01100]
M00978 Ornithine-ammonia cycle [PATH:sty00220 sty01100 sty01110]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:sty00330 sty01230 sty01100]
M00970 Proline degradation, proline => glutamate [PATH:sty00330 sty01100]
M00972 Proline metabolism [PATH:sty00330 sty01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:sty00330 sty01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
M00133 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => agmatine => putrescine => spermidine [PATH:sty00330 sty01100]
M00134 Polyamine biosynthesis, arginine => ornithine => putrescine [PATH:sty00330 sty01100]

Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:sty00340 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:sty00340 sty01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:sty00400 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:sty00400 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:sty00400 sty01230 sty01100 sty01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:sty00400 sty01230 sty01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00027 GABA (gamma-Aminobutyrate) shunt [PATH:sty00250 sty00650 sty01100]
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:sty00480 sty01240 sty01100]

Glycan metabolism
Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis
M00909 UDP-GlcNAc biosynthesis, prokaryotes, Fru-6P => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:sty00520 sty01250 sty01100]
M00995 UDP-MurNAc biosynthesis, Fru-6P => UDP-MurNAc [PATH:sty00520 sty01250 sty01100]
M00549 UDP-Glc biosynthesis, Glc => UDP-Glc [PATH:sty00520 sty01250 sty01100]
M01004 UDP-Galf biosynthesis, UDP-Glc => UDP-Galf [PATH:sty00520 sty00052 sty01250 sty01100]
M00554 UDP-Gal biosynthesis, Gal => UDP-Gal [PATH:sty00520 sty00052 sty01250 sty01100]
M01000 GDP-Man biosynthesis, Fru-6P => GDP-Man [PATH:sty00520 sty01250 sty01100]
M01036 UDP-GalNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-GalNAcA [PATH:sty00541]
M00063 CMP-3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonate biosynthesis, ribulose-5P => CMP-KDO [PATH:sty00541 sty01250 sty01100]
M01014 UDP-ManNAcA biosynthesis, UDP-GlcNAc => UDP-ManNAcA [PATH:sty00541]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis, sedoheptulose-7P => ADP-LDmanHep [PATH:sty00541 sty01250 sty01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:sty00541 sty01100]
M00793 dTDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis, glucose-1P => dTDP-L-Rha [PATH:sty00521 sty00523 sty00541 sty01250 sty01100 sty01110]
M01016 GDP-L-Fuc biosynthesis, GDP-Man => GDP-L-Fuc [PATH:sty00541]

Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:sty00540 sty01100]

Other polysaccharide metabolism
Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:sty00730 sty01240 sty01100]
M00899 Thiamine salvage pathway, HMP/HET => TMP [PATH:sty00730 sty01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:sty00740 sty01240 sty01100 sty01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sty00750 sty01240 sty01100]
M00916 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, R5P + glyceraldehyde-3P + glutamine => pyridoxal-P [PATH:sty00750 sty01240 sty01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:sty00760 sty01240 sty01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:sty00770 sty01240 sty01100 sty01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:sty00770 sty01240 sty01100]
M00572 Pimeloyl-ACP biosynthesis, BioC-BioH pathway, malonyl-ACP => pimeloyl-ACP [PATH:sty00780 sty01240 sty01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:sty00780 sty01240 sty01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:sty00785 sty01240 sty01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:sty00790 sty00670 sty01240 sty01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:sty00790 sty01240 sty01100]
M00988 PreQ1 biosynthesis, GTP => 7-Aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine [PATH:sty00790 sty01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:sty00860 sty01240 sty01100 sty01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:sty00860 sty01240 sty01100 sty01110]
M00926 Heme biosynthesis, bacteria, glutamyl-tRNA => coproporphyrin III => heme [PATH:sty00860 sty01240 sty01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:sty00860 sty01240 sty01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sty00130 sty01240 sty01100 sty01110]
M00989 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, O2-independent, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:sty00130 sty01240 sty01100 sty01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:sty00130 sty01240 sty01100 sty01110]
M00930 Menaquinone biosynthesis, futalosine pathway [PATH:sty00130 sty01240 sty01100]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
M00096 C5 isoprenoid biosynthesis, non-mevalonate pathway [PATH:sty00900 sty01100 sty01110]
M00364 C10-C20 isoprenoid biosynthesis, bacteria [PATH:sty00900 sty01100 sty01110]

Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
M00674 Clavaminate biosynthesis, arginine + glyceraldehyde-3P => clavaminate [PATH:sty01100 sty01110]

Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
M00856 Salmonella enterica pathogenicity signature, typhoid toxin
M00857 Salmonella enterica pathogenicity signature, Vi antigen

Drug resistance
M00744 Cationic antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) resistance, protease PgtE

Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation