KEGG Modules

Carbohydrate metabolism
Central carbohydrate metabolism
M00001 Glycolysis (Embden-Meyerhof pathway), glucose => pyruvate [PATH:yma00010 yma01200 yma01100]
M00002 Glycolysis, core module involving three-carbon compounds [PATH:yma00010 yma01200 yma01230 yma01100]
M00003 Gluconeogenesis, oxaloacetate => fructose-6P [PATH:yma00010 yma00020 yma01100]
M00307 Pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate => acetyl-CoA [PATH:yma00010 yma00020 yma00620 yma01200 yma01100]
M00009 Citrate cycle (TCA cycle, Krebs cycle) [PATH:yma00020 yma01200 yma01100]
M00010 Citrate cycle, first carbon oxidation, oxaloacetate => 2-oxoglutarate [PATH:yma00020 yma01200 yma01210 yma01230 yma01100]
M00011 Citrate cycle, second carbon oxidation, 2-oxoglutarate => oxaloacetate [PATH:yma00020 yma01200 yma01100]
M00004 Pentose phosphate pathway (Pentose phosphate cycle) [PATH:yma00030 yma01200 yma01100 yma01120]
M00006 Pentose phosphate pathway, oxidative phase, glucose 6P => ribulose 5P [PATH:yma00030 yma01200 yma01100 yma01120]
M00007 Pentose phosphate pathway, non-oxidative phase, fructose 6P => ribose 5P [PATH:yma00030 yma01200 yma01230 yma01100 yma01120]
M00005 PRPP biosynthesis, ribose 5P => PRPP [PATH:yma00030 yma00230 yma01200 yma01230 yma01100]
M00008 Entner-Doudoroff pathway, glucose-6P => glyceraldehyde-3P + pyruvate [PATH:yma00030 yma01200 yma01100 yma01120]

Other carbohydrate metabolism
M00631 D-Galacturonate degradation (bacteria), D-galacturonate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:yma00040 yma00030 yma01100]
M00061 D-Glucuronate degradation, D-glucuronate => pyruvate + D-glyceraldehyde 3P [PATH:yma00040 yma00030 yma01100]
M00632 Galactose degradation, Leloir pathway, galactose => alpha-D-glucose-1P [PATH:yma00052 yma01100]
M00854 Glycogen biosynthesis, glucose-1P => glycogen/starch [PATH:yma00500 yma01100]
M00855 Glycogen degradation, glycogen => glucose-6P [PATH:yma00500 yma01100]
M00549 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, glucose => UDP-glucose [PATH:yma00520 yma01250 yma01100]
M00554 Nucleotide sugar biosynthesis, galactose => UDP-galactose [PATH:yma00520 yma00052 yma01250 yma01100]
M00909 UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, glucose => UDP-GlcNAc [PATH:yma00520 yma01250 yma01100]
M00761 Undecaprenylphosphate alpha-L-Ara4N biosynthesis, UDP-GlcA => undecaprenyl phosphate alpha-L-Ara4N [PATH:yma00520 yma01100]
M00012 Glyoxylate cycle [PATH:yma00630 yma01200 yma01100 yma01110]

Energy metabolism
Carbon fixation
M00168 CAM (Crassulacean acid metabolism), dark [PATH:yma00620 yma01200 yma01100 yma01120]
M00579 Phosphate acetyltransferase-acetate kinase pathway, acetyl-CoA => acetate [PATH:yma00430 yma00620 yma01200 yma01100 yma01120]

Methane metabolism
Nitrogen metabolism
M00530 Dissimilatory nitrate reduction, nitrate => ammonia [PATH:yma00910 yma01100 yma01120]

Sulfur metabolism
M00176 Assimilatory sulfate reduction, sulfate => H2S [PATH:yma00920 yma01100 yma01120]

Photosynthesis
ATP synthesis
M00144 NADH:quinone oxidoreductase, prokaryotes [PATH:yma00190]
M00149 Succinate dehydrogenase, prokaryotes [PATH:yma00190]
M00150 Fumarate reductase, prokaryotes [PATH:yma00190]
M00153 Cytochrome bd ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:yma00190]
M00417 Cytochrome o ubiquinol oxidase [PATH:yma00190]
M00157 F-type ATPase, prokaryotes and chloroplasts [PATH:yma00190]

Lipid metabolism
Fatty acid metabolism
M00082 Fatty acid biosynthesis, initiation [PATH:yma00061 yma01212 yma01100]
M00083 Fatty acid biosynthesis, elongation [PATH:yma00061 yma01212 yma01100]
M00086 beta-Oxidation, acyl-CoA synthesis [PATH:yma00061 yma00071 yma01212 yma01100]
M00087 beta-Oxidation [PATH:yma00071 yma01212 yma01100]

Sterol biosynthesis
Lipid metabolism
M00093 Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) biosynthesis, PA => PS => PE [PATH:yma00564 yma01100]

Nucleotide metabolism
Purine metabolism
M00048 De novo purine biosynthesis, PRPP + glutamine => IMP [PATH:yma00230 yma01100]
M00049 Adenine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => ADP,ATP [PATH:yma00230 yma01232 yma01240 yma01100]
M00050 Guanine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, IMP => GDP,GTP [PATH:yma00230 yma01232 yma01100]
M00053 Deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, ADP/GDP/CDP/UDP => dATP/dGTP/dCTP/dUTP [PATH:yma00230 yma00240 yma01232 yma01100]

Pyrimidine metabolism
M00051 De novo pyrimidine biosynthesis, glutamine (+ PRPP) => UMP [PATH:yma00240 yma01240 yma01100]
M00052 Pyrimidine ribonucleotide biosynthesis, UMP => UDP/UTP,CDP/CTP [PATH:yma00240 yma01232 yma01240 yma01100]
M00938 Pyrimidine deoxyribonucleotide biosynthesis, UDP => dTTP [PATH:yma00240 yma01232 yma01100]
M00939 Pyrimidine degradation, uracil => 3-hydroxypropanoate [PATH:yma00240 yma01100]

Amino acid metabolism
Serine and threonine metabolism
M00020 Serine biosynthesis, glycerate-3P => serine [PATH:yma00260 yma00680 yma01200 yma01230 yma01100]
M00018 Threonine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => threonine [PATH:yma00260 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]

Cysteine and methionine metabolism
M00021 Cysteine biosynthesis, serine => cysteine [PATH:yma00270 yma00920 yma01200 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]
M00338 Cysteine biosynthesis, homocysteine + serine => cysteine [PATH:yma00260 yma00270 yma01230 yma01100]
M00017 Methionine biosynthesis, aspartate => homoserine => methionine [PATH:yma00270 yma01230 yma01100]
M00034 Methionine salvage pathway [PATH:yma00270 yma01100]

Branched-chain amino acid metabolism
M00019 Valine/isoleucine biosynthesis, pyruvate => valine / 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:yma00290 yma00770 yma01210 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]
M00570 Isoleucine biosynthesis, threonine => 2-oxobutanoate => isoleucine [PATH:yma00290 yma01230 yma01100]
M00432 Leucine biosynthesis, 2-oxoisovalerate => 2-oxoisocaproate [PATH:yma00290 yma01210 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]

Lysine metabolism
M00016 Lysine biosynthesis, succinyl-DAP pathway, aspartate => lysine [PATH:yma00300 yma01230 yma01100]

Arginine and proline metabolism
M00028 Ornithine biosynthesis, glutamate => ornithine [PATH:yma00220 yma01210 yma01230 yma01100]
M00844 Arginine biosynthesis, ornithine => arginine [PATH:yma00220 yma01230 yma01100]
M00015 Proline biosynthesis, glutamate => proline [PATH:yma00330 yma01230 yma01100]
M00879 Arginine succinyltransferase pathway, arginine => glutamate [PATH:yma00330 yma01100]

Polyamine biosynthesis
Histidine metabolism
M00026 Histidine biosynthesis, PRPP => histidine [PATH:yma00340 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]
M00045 Histidine degradation, histidine => N-formiminoglutamate => glutamate [PATH:yma00340 yma01100]

Aromatic amino acid metabolism
M00022 Shikimate pathway, phosphoenolpyruvate + erythrose-4P => chorismate [PATH:yma00400 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]
M00023 Tryptophan biosynthesis, chorismate => tryptophan [PATH:yma00400 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]
M00024 Phenylalanine biosynthesis, chorismate => phenylpyruvate => phenylalanine [PATH:yma00400 yma01230 yma01100 yma01110]
M00025 Tyrosine biosynthesis, chorismate => HPP => tyrosine [PATH:yma00400 yma01230 yma01100]

Other amino acid metabolism
M00118 Glutathione biosynthesis, glutamate => glutathione [PATH:yma00480 yma01240 yma01100]

Glycan metabolism
Glycan biosynthesis
Glycosaminoglycan metabolism
Lipopolysaccharide metabolism
M00060 KDO2-lipid A biosynthesis, Raetz pathway, LpxL-LpxM type [PATH:yma00540 yma01100]
M00063 CMP-KDO biosynthesis [PATH:yma00540 yma01250 yma01100]
M00064 ADP-L-glycero-D-manno-heptose biosynthesis [PATH:yma00540 yma01250 yma01100]

Metabolism of cofactors and vitamins
Cofactor and vitamin metabolism
M00127 Thiamine biosynthesis, prokaryotes, AIR (+ DXP/tyrosine) => TMP/TPP [PATH:yma00730 yma01240 yma01100]
M00125 Riboflavin biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, GTP => riboflavin/FMN/FAD [PATH:yma00740 yma01240 yma01100 yma01110]
M00124 Pyridoxal-P biosynthesis, erythrose-4P => pyridoxal-P [PATH:yma00750 yma01240 yma01100]
M00115 NAD biosynthesis, aspartate => quinolinate => NAD [PATH:yma00760 yma01240 yma01100]
M00119 Pantothenate biosynthesis, valine/L-aspartate => pantothenate [PATH:yma00770 yma01240 yma01100 yma01110]
M00120 Coenzyme A biosynthesis, pantothenate => CoA [PATH:yma00770 yma01240 yma01100]
M00123 Biotin biosynthesis, pimeloyl-ACP/CoA => biotin [PATH:yma00780 yma01240 yma01100]
M00881 Lipoic acid biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, octanoyl-ACP => dihydrolipoyl-E2/H [PATH:yma00785 yma01240 yma01100]
M00126 Tetrahydrofolate biosynthesis, GTP => THF [PATH:yma00790 yma00670 yma01240 yma01100]
M00880 Molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis, GTP => molybdenum cofactor [PATH:yma00790 yma01240 yma01100]
M00140 C1-unit interconversion, prokaryotes [PATH:yma00670 yma01240 yma01100]
M00846 Siroheme biosynthesis, glutamyl-tRNA => siroheme [PATH:yma00860 yma01240 yma01100 yma01110]
M00121 Heme biosynthesis, plants and bacteria, glutamate => heme [PATH:yma00860 yma01240 yma01100 yma01110]
M00924 Cobalamin biosynthesis, anaerobic, uroporphyrinogen III => sirohydrochlorin => cobyrinate a,c-diamide [PATH:yma00860 yma01240 yma01100]
M00122 Cobalamin biosynthesis, cobyrinate a,c-diamide => cobalamin [PATH:yma00860 yma01240 yma01100]
M00117 Ubiquinone biosynthesis, prokaryotes, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => ubiquinol [PATH:yma00130 yma01240 yma01100 yma01110]
M00116 Menaquinone biosynthesis, chorismate (+ polyprenyl-PP) => menaquinol [PATH:yma00130 yma01240 yma01100 yma01110]

Biosynthesis of terpenoids and polyketides
Terpenoid backbone biosynthesis
Plant terpenoid biosynthesis
Macrolide biosynthesis
Enediyne biosynthesis
Type II polyketide biosynthesis
Polyketide sugar unit biosynthesis
Biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites
Biosynthesis of phytochemical compounds
Biosynthesis of beta-lactams
Biosynthesis of other antibiotics
Biosynthesis of other fungal compounds
Biosynthesis of other bacterial compounds
M00918 Aerobactin biosynthesis, lysine => aerobactin [PATH:yma00997 yma01100 yma01110]

Xenobiotics biodegradation
Aromatics degradation

Gene set
Pathogenicity
Drug resistance
Plant pathogenicity
Symbiosis
Module set
Metabolic capacity
M00616 Sulfate-sulfur assimilation