KEGG   PATHWAY: mmf05161
Entry
mmf05161                    Pathway                                
Name
Hepatitis B - Molossus molossus (Pallas's mastiff bat)
Description
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is an enveloped virus and contains a partially double-stranded relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After entry into hepatocytes, HBV RC-DNA is transported to the nucleus and converted into a covalently closed circular molecule cccDNA. The cccDNA is the template for transcription of all viral RNAs including the pregenomic RNA (pgRNA), encoding for 7 viral proteins: large, middle, and small envelope proteins (LHBs, MHBs, and SHBs) that form the surface antigen (HBsAg), the core antigen (HBcAg), the e antigen (HBeAg), the HBV polymerase, and the regulatory protein X (HBx). The pgRNA interacts with the viral polymerase protein to initiate the encapsidation into the core particles. Through endoplasmic reticulum, the core particles finish assembling with the envelope proteins and are released. HBV infection leads to a wide spectrum of liver diseases raging from chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis to hepatocellular carcinoma. The mechanism of liver injury is still not clear. However, HBV proteins target host proteins, involved in a variety of functions, thus regulating transcription, cellular signaling cascades, proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Class
Human Diseases; Infectious disease: viral
Pathway map
mmf05161  Hepatitis B
mmf05161

Organism
Molossus molossus (Pallas's mastiff bat) [GN:mmf]
Gene
118626818  HSPG2; basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein [KO:K06255]
118639633  SLC10A1; sodium/bile acid cotransporter [KO:K14341]
118638486  TGFB1; transforming growth factor beta-1 proprotein [KO:K13375]
118640680  TGFB2; transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein isoform X1 [KO:K13376]
118633354  TGFB3; transforming growth factor beta-3 proprotein [KO:K13377]
118629403  TGFBR1; TGF-beta receptor type-1 [KO:K04674] [EC:2.7.11.30]
118633307  TGFBR2; TGF-beta receptor type-2 [KO:K04388] [EC:2.7.11.30]
118638472  SMAD3; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 [KO:K23605]
118621843  CDKN1A; cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 [KO:K06625]
118642157  MAPK10; mitogen-activated protein kinase 10 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118615122  MAPK9; mitogen-activated protein kinase 9 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118632456  MAPK8; mitogen-activated protein kinase 8 isoform X1 [KO:K04440] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118631560  MYC; myc proto-oncogene protein [KO:K04377]
118632339  EGR2; E3 SUMO-protein ligase EGR2 isoform X1 [KO:K12496]
118616040  EGR3; early growth response protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K12497]
118641604  CREB-binding protein isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
118624243  EP300; histone acetyltransferase p300 isoform X1 [KO:K04498] [EC:2.3.1.48]
118637768  FASLG; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 6 [KO:K04389]
118628318  DDB1; DNA damage-binding protein 1 [KO:K10610]
118627554  DDB2; DNA damage-binding protein 2 [KO:K10140]
118642468  MAP3K1; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04416] [EC:2.7.11.25]
118618301  YWHAB; 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha [KO:K16197]
118627272  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta-like [KO:K16197]
118635359  14-3-3 protein zeta/delta-like [KO:K16197]
118636127  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: 14-3-3 protein beta/alpha-like [KO:K16197]
118631194  YWHAQ; 14-3-3 protein theta [KO:K16197]
118631396  YWHAZ; 14-3-3 protein zeta/delta [KO:K16197]
118633861  MAP2K4; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04430] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118632927  PIK3CB; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit beta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118626944  PIK3CD; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit delta isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118617106  PIK3CA; phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform isoform X1 [KO:K00922] [EC:2.7.1.153]
118626685  phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit gamma isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118642883  PIK3R1; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K02649]
118616460  PIK3R2; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase regulatory subunit beta [KO:K02649]
118640620  AKT3; RAC-gamma serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118619617  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase-like [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118630299  AKT1; RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118638405  AKT2; RAC-beta serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04456] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118632312  CHUK; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit alpha isoform X1 [KO:K04467] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118622317  IKBKB; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta isoform X1 [KO:K07209] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118635619  IKBKG; NF-kappa-B essential modulator isoform X1 [KO:K07210]
118617230  NFKBIA; NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha [KO:K04734]
118624789  NFKB1; nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit isoform X1 [KO:K02580]
118628367  RELA; transcription factor p65 [KO:K04735]
118618723  MMP9; matrix metalloproteinase-9 [KO:K01403] [EC:3.4.24.35]
118619009  BCL2; apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 isoform X1 [KO:K02161]
118627989  BAD; bcl2-associated agonist of cell death [KO:K02158]
118632575  FAS; tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6 [KO:K04390]
118628258  FADD; FAS-associated death domain protein [KO:K02373]
118625346  CASP8; caspase-8 [KO:K04398] [EC:3.4.22.61]
118625231  CASP10; caspase-10 isoform X1 [KO:K04400] [EC:3.4.22.63]
118624690  BID; BH3-interacting domain death agonist isoform X1 [KO:K04726]
118638701  BAX; apoptosis regulator BAX [KO:K02159]
118623170  APAF1; apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K02084]
118620489  cytochrome c [KO:K08738]
118638529  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
118615920  cytochrome c-like [KO:K08738]
118626427  CASP9; caspase-9 isoform X1 [KO:K04399] [EC:3.4.22.62]
118622705  CASP3; caspase-3 isoform X1 [KO:K02187] [EC:3.4.22.56]
118628924  caspase-12-like isoform X1 [KO:K04741] [EC:3.4.22.-]
118634154  BIRC5; baculoviral IAP repeat-containing protein 5 [KO:K08731]
118634552  TP53; cellular tumor antigen p53 isoform X1 [KO:K04451]
118622835  CCNA1; cyclin-A1 [KO:K06627]
118615544  CCNA2; cyclin-A2 [KO:K06627]
118624453  CDK2; cyclin-dependent kinase 2 isoform X1 [KO:K02206] [EC:2.7.11.22]
118631401  CCNE2; G1/S-specific cyclin-E2 isoform X1 [KO:K06626]
118639006  CCNE1; G1/S-specific cyclin-E1 [KO:K06626]
118622512  RB1; retinoblastoma-associated protein isoform X1 [KO:K06618]
118618748  E2F1; transcription factor E2F1 [KO:K17454]
118626004  E2F2; transcription factor E2F2 isoform X1 [KO:K09389]
118626466  E2F3; transcription factor E2F3 isoform X1 [KO:K06620]
118636215  ATP6AP1; V-type proton ATPase subunit S1 isoform X1 [KO:K03662]
118633872  PRKCA; protein kinase C alpha type isoform X1 [KO:K02677] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118641370  PRKCB; protein kinase C beta type isoform X1 [KO:K19662] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118638191  PRKCG; protein kinase C gamma type [KO:K19663] [EC:2.7.11.13]
118618649  NFATC1; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04446]
118618225  NFATC2; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 2 isoform X1 [KO:K17332]
118639385  NFATC3; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 3 isoform X1 [KO:K17333]
118627722  NFATC4; nuclear factor of activated T-cells, cytoplasmic 4 [KO:K17334]
118621647  TNF; tumor necrosis factor [KO:K03156]
118626049  JAK1; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK1 [KO:K11217] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118629676  JAK2; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK2 isoform X1 [KO:K04447] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118615617  JAK3; tyrosine-protein kinase JAK3 isoform X1 [KO:K11218] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118615353  TYK2; non-receptor tyrosine-protein kinase TYK2 isoform X1 [KO:K11219] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118634787  STAT3; signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04692]
118625659  STAT1; signal transducer and activator of transcription 1-alpha/beta isoform X1 [KO:K11220]
118623876  STAT2; signal transducer and activator of transcription 2 isoform X1 [KO:K11221]
118625631  STAT4; signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 isoform X1 [KO:K11222]
118633839  signal transducer and activator of transcription 5A [KO:K11223]
118634401  STAT5B; signal transducer and activator of transcription 5B isoform X1 [KO:K11224]
118623461  STAT6; signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 isoform X1 [KO:K11225]
118635695  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3-like [KO:K15041]
118622548  VDAC3; voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K15041]
118615394  voltage-dependent anion-selective channel protein 3-like [KO:K15041]
118615360  PTK2B; protein-tyrosine kinase 2-beta isoform X1 [KO:K05871] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118618720  SRC; proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src isoform X1 [KO:K05704] [EC:2.7.10.2]
118633806  GRB2; growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 [KO:K04364]
118630966  SOS1; son of sevenless homolog 1 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
118616724  SOS2; son of sevenless homolog 2 isoform X1 [KO:K03099]
118643162  HRAS; GTPase HRas isoform X1 [KO:K02833]
118624619  KRAS; GTPase KRas isoform X1 [KO:K07827]
118637822  NRAS; GTPase NRas [KO:K07828]
118627223  JUN; transcription factor AP-1 [KO:K04448]
118618177  SMAD4; mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04501]
118625175  ATF2; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-2 isoform X1 [KO:K04450]
118624959  CREB1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05870]
118620417  CREB3L2; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 2 [KO:K09048]
118628166  CREB3L1; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 1 [KO:K09048]
118629628  CREB3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
118637511  CREB3L4; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 4 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
118615816  CREB3L3; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 3-like protein 3 isoform X1 [KO:K09048]
118623538  ATF4; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-4 [KO:K04374]
118620061  CREB5; cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein 5 isoform X1 [KO:K09047]
118621725  ATF6B; cyclic AMP-dependent transcription factor ATF-6 beta [KO:K09049]
118626319  C-X-C motif chemokine 15-like [KO:K10030]
118636257  interleukin-8-like [KO:K10030]
118643469  CXCL8; interleukin-8 [KO:K10030]
118618985  PCNA; proliferating cell nuclear antigen isoform X1 [KO:K04802]
118635666  ARAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf isoform X1 [KO:K08845] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118619570  BRAF; serine/threonine-protein kinase B-raf isoform X1 [KO:K04365] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118633343  RAF1; RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase isoform X1 [KO:K04366] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118628434  MAP2K1; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 1 [KO:K04368] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118615385  MAP2K2; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 2 [KO:K04369] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118640210  MAPK1; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118642307  MAPK3; mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04371] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118618599  FOS; proto-oncogene c-Fos [KO:K04379]
118636653  ELK1; LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ETS domain-containing protein Elk-1 [KO:K04375]
118616119  TLR2; toll-like receptor 2 [KO:K10159]
118633334  MYD88; myeloid differentiation primary response protein MyD88 [KO:K04729]
118640256  toll/interleukin-1 receptor domain-containing adapter protein [KO:K05403]
118629497  TLR4; toll-like receptor 4 isoform X1 [KO:K10160]
118624132  IRAK4; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 isoform X1 [KO:K04733] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118636423  IRAK1; interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 [KO:K04730] [EC:2.7.11.1]
118628151  TRAF6; TNF receptor-associated factor 6 isoform X1 [KO:K03175] [EC:2.3.2.27]
118623445  TAB1; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 1 isoform X1 [KO:K04403]
118620813  TAB2; TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 [KO:K04404]
118621083  MAP3K7; mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04427] [EC:2.7.11.25]
118620458  IL6; interleukin-6 isoform X1 [KO:K05405]
118641294  MAP2K3; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 isoform X1 [KO:K04432] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118634140  MAP2K6; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 6 isoform X1 [KO:K04433] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118641186  MAPK12; mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118641187  MAPK11; mitogen-activated protein kinase 11 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118621004  MAPK13; mitogen-activated protein kinase 13 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118621005  MAPK14; mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 isoform X1 [KO:K04441] [EC:2.7.11.24]
118615560  MAP2K7; dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 7 isoform X1 [KO:K04431] [EC:2.7.12.2]
118642387  TICAM2; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 2 [KO:K05409]
118622536  TLR3; toll-like receptor 3 [KO:K05401]
118615402  TICAM1; TIR domain-containing adapter molecule 1 [KO:K05842]
118629855  DDX58; antiviral innate immune response receptor RIG-I [KO:K12646] [EC:5.6.2.6]
118625298  IFIH1; interferon-induced helicase C domain-containing protein 1 [KO:K12647] [EC:5.6.2.6]
118618558  MAVS; mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein [KO:K12648]
118633499  TRAF3; TNF receptor-associated factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K03174]
118637482  IKBKE; inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit epsilon [KO:K07211] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118624185  TBK1; serine/threonine-protein kinase TBK1 isoform X1 [KO:K05410] [EC:2.7.11.10]
118635581  DDX3X; ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3X [KO:K11594] [EC:5.6.2.7]
118616760  LOW QUALITY PROTEIN: ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX3Y-like [KO:K11594] [EC:5.6.2.7]
118639395  IRF3; interferon regulatory factor 3 isoform X1 [KO:K05411]
118643167  IRF7; interferon regulatory factor 7 isoform X1 [KO:K09447]
118629333  interferon omega-1-like [KO:K05414]
118629850  interferon alpha-14-like [KO:K05414]
118629329  IFNB1; interferon beta [KO:K05415]
118617107  IFNAR1; interferon alpha/beta receptor 1 isoform X1 [KO:K05130]
Compound
C00076  Calcium cation
Reference
PMID:30059722
  Authors
Caballero A, Tabernero D, Buti M, Rodriguez-Frias F
  Title
Hepatitis B virus: The challenge of an ancient virus with multiple faces and a remarkable replication strategy.
  Journal
Antiviral Res 158:34-44 (2018)
DOI:10.1016/j.antiviral.2018.07.019
Reference
PMID:22869468
  Authors
Walsh R, Locarnini S
  Title
Hepatitis B precore protein: pathogenic potential and therapeutic promise.
  Journal
Yonsei Med J 53:875-85 (2012)
DOI:10.3349/ymj.2012.53.5.875
Reference
PMID:26239691
  Authors
Liang TJ, Block TM, McMahon BJ, Ghany MG, Urban S, Guo JT, Locarnini S, Zoulim F, Chang KM, Lok AS
  Title
Present and future therapies of hepatitis B: From discovery to cure.
  Journal
Hepatology 62:1893-908 (2015)
DOI:10.1002/hep.28025
Reference
PMID:26776362
  Authors
Morikawa K, Suda G, Sakamoto N
  Title
Viral life cycle of hepatitis B virus: Host factors and druggable targets.
  Journal
Hepatol Res 46:871-7 (2016)
DOI:10.1111/hepr.12650
Reference
PMID:19201080
  Authors
Feitelson MA, Reis HM, Tufan NL, Sun B, Pan J, Lian Z
  Title
Putative roles of hepatitis B x antigen in the pathogenesis of chronic liver disease.
  Journal
Cancer Lett 286:69-79 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/j.canlet.2008.12.010
Reference
PMID:19263472
  Authors
Murata M, Matsuzaki K, Yoshida K, Sekimoto G, Tahashi Y, Mori S, Uemura Y, Sakaida N, Fujisawa J, Seki T, Kobayashi K, Yokote K, Koike K, Okazaki K
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein shifts human hepatic transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta signaling from tumor suppression to oncogenesis in early chronic hepatitis B.
  Journal
Hepatology 49:1203-17 (2009)
DOI:10.1002/hep.22765
Reference
PMID:15173177
  Authors
Yoo YG, Lee MO
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces expression of Fas ligand gene through enhancing transcriptional activity of early growth response factor.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 279:36242-9 (2004)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M401290200
Reference
PMID:16459163
  Authors
Zhang X, Zhang H, Ye L
  Title
Effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on the development of liver cancer.
  Journal
J Lab Clin Med 147:58-66 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.lab.2005.10.003
Reference
PMID:19854353
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Buendia MA, Neuveut C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein molecular functions and its role in virus life cycle and pathogenesis.
  Journal
Adv Cancer Res 103:75-109 (2009)
DOI:10.1016/S0065-230X(09)03004-8
Reference
PMID:21994562
  Authors
Benhenda S, Cougot D, Neuveut C, Buendia MA
  Title
Liver cell transformation in chronic HBV infection.
  Journal
Viruses 1:630-46 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1030630
Reference
PMID:11099494
  Authors
Diao J, Khine AA, Sarangi F, Hsu E, Iorio C, Tibbles LA, Woodgett JR, Penninger J, Richardson CD
  Title
X protein of hepatitis B virus inhibits Fas-mediated apoptosis and is associated with up-regulation of the SAPK/JNK pathway.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 276:8328-40 (2001)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.M006026200
Reference
PMID:16891440
  Authors
Park NH, Song IH, Chung YH
  Title
Chronic hepatitis B in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Postgrad Med J 82:507-15 (2006)
DOI:10.1136/pgmj.2006.047431
Reference
PMID:28820498
  Authors
Lin S, Zhang YJ
  Title
Interference of Apoptosis by Hepatitis B Virus.
  Journal
Viruses 9:E230 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/v9080230
Reference
PMID:16173017
  Authors
Zhang X, Dong N, Yin L, Cai N, Ma H, You J, Zhang H, Wang H, He R, Ye L
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein upregulates survivin expression in hepatoma tissues.
  Journal
J Med Virol 77:374-81 (2005)
DOI:10.1002/jmv.20466
Reference
PMID:18481805
  Authors
Kim HJ, Kim SY, Kim J, Lee H, Choi M, Kim JK, Ahn JK
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X protein induces apoptosis by enhancing translocation of Bax to mitochondria.
  Journal
IUBMB Life 60:473-80 (2008)
DOI:10.1002/iub.68
Reference
PMID:21647825
  Authors
Ng SA, Lee C
  Title
Hepatitis B virus X gene and hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
J Gastroenterol 46:974-90 (2011)
DOI:10.1007/s00535-011-0415-9
Reference
PMID:9195957
  Authors
Cong YS, Yao YL, Yang WM, Kuzhandaivelu N, Seto E
  Title
The hepatitis B virus X-associated protein, XAP3, is a protein kinase C-binding protein.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 272:16482-9 (1997)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.272.26.16482
Reference
PMID:12686421
  Authors
Panteva M, Korkaya H, Jameel S
  Title
Hepatitis viruses and the MAPK pathway: is this a survival strategy?
  Journal
Virus Res 92:131-40 (2003)
DOI:10.1016/S0168-1702(02)00356-8
Reference
PMID:9738022
  Authors
Lee YH, Yun Y
  Title
HBx protein of hepatitis B virus activates Jak1-STAT signaling.
  Journal
J Biol Chem 273:25510-5 (1998)
DOI:10.1074/jbc.273.39.25510
Reference
PMID:18251977
  Authors
Tan A, Yeh SH, Liu CJ, Cheung C, Chen PJ
  Title
Viral hepatocarcinogenesis: from infection to cancer.
  Journal
Liver Int 28:175-88 (2008)
DOI:10.1111/j.1478-3231.2007.01652.x
Reference
PMID:17059849
  Authors
Chami M, Oules B, Paterlini-Brechot P
  Title
Cytobiological consequences of calcium-signaling alterations induced by human viral proteins.
  Journal
Biochim Biophys Acta 1763:1344-62 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.bbamcr.2006.09.025
Reference
PMID:11743185
  Authors
Ganem D
  Title
Virology. The X files--one step closer to closure.
  Journal
Science 294:2299-300 (2001)
DOI:10.1126/science.1067850
Reference
PMID:15132991
  Authors
Chung TW, Lee YC, Kim CH
  Title
Hepatitis B viral HBx induces matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene expression through activation of ERK and PI-3K/AKT pathways: involvement of invasive potential.
  Journal
FASEB J 18:1123-5 (2004)
DOI:10.1096/fj.03-1429fje
Reference
PMID:18605975
  Authors
Gurtsevitch VE
  Title
Human oncogenic viruses: hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses and their role in hepatocarcinogenesis.
  Journal
Biochemistry (Mosc) 73:504-13 (2008)
DOI:10.1134/S0006297908050039
Reference
PMID:21994545
  Authors
Schadler S, Hildt E
  Title
HBV life cycle: entry and morphogenesis.
  Journal
Viruses 1:185-209 (2009)
DOI:10.3390/v1020185
Reference
PMID:28862649
  Authors
Ortega-Prieto AM, Dorner M
  Title
Immune Evasion Strategies during Chronic Hepatitis B and C Virus Infection.
  Journal
Vaccines (Basel) 5:E24 (2017)
DOI:10.3390/vaccines5030024
Reference
PMID:28704708
  Authors
Nosratabadi R, Alavian SM, Zare-Bidaki M, Shahrokhi VM, Arababadi MK
  Title
Innate immunity related pathogen recognition receptors and chronic hepatitis B infection.
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Mol Immunol 90:64-73 (2017)
DOI:10.1016/j.molimm.2017.07.002
Reference
PMID:24530748
  Authors
Bagheri V, Askari A, Arababadi MK, Kennedy D
  Title
Can Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 2 be considered as a new target for immunotherapy against hepatitis B infection?
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Hum Immunol 75:549-54 (2014)
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Reference
PMID:25550115
  Authors
Zhang E, Lu M
  Title
Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated innate immune responses in the control of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
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Med Microbiol Immunol 204:11-20 (2015)
DOI:10.1007/s00430-014-0370-1
Reference
PMID:20375222
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Yu S, Chen J, Wu M, Chen H, Kato N, Yuan Z
  Title
Hepatitis B virus polymerase inhibits RIG-I- and Toll-like receptor 3-mediated beta interferon induction in human hepatocytes through interference with interferon regulatory factor 3 activation and dampening of the interaction between TBK1/IKKepsilon and DDX3.
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J Gen Virol 91:2080-90 (2010)
DOI:10.1099/vir.0.020552-0
Reference
PMID:23363957
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Revill P, Yuan Z
  Title
New insights into how HBV manipulates the innate immune response to establish acute and persistent infection.
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Antivir Ther 18:1-15 (2013)
DOI:10.3851/IMP2542
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PMID:28893934
  Authors
Hopcraft SE, Damania B
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Tumour viruses and innate immunity.
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Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 372:20160267 (2017)
DOI:10.1098/rstb.2016.0267
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PMID:22504921
  Authors
Dandri M, Locarnini S
  Title
New insight in the pathobiology of hepatitis B virus infection.
  Journal
Gut 61 Suppl 1:i6-17 (2012)
DOI:10.1136/gutjnl-2012-302056
Related
pathway
mmf04010  MAPK signaling pathway
mmf04064  NF-kappa B signaling pathway
mmf04110  Cell cycle
mmf04115  p53 signaling pathway
mmf04151  PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
mmf04210  Apoptosis
mmf04620  Toll-like receptor signaling pathway
mmf04622  RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway
mmf04630  JAK-STAT signaling pathway
KO pathway
ko05161   
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