KEGG DISEASE: Leprosy

DISEASE: Leprosy

Entry

H00344                      Disease

Name

Leprosy;
Hansen disease

Description

Leprosy, also called Hansen's disease, is a chronic infection caused by Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae) and the more recently discovered Mycobacterium lepromatosis (M. lepromatosis). It primarily affects peripheral nerves, skin and mucosa particularly the upper respiratory tract.

Category

Bacterial infectious disease

Brite

Human diseases in ICD-11 classification [BR:br08403]
01 Certain infectious or parasitic diseases
  Mycobacterial diseases
   1B20  Leprosy
    H00344  Leprosy
Pathway-based classification of diseases [BR:br08402]
Immune system
  nt06517  TLR signaling
   H00344  Leprosy
Genome-based classification of infectious diseases [BR:br08401]
Bacterial infections
  Infections caused by actinobacteria
   H00344  Leprosy

Pathway

hsa04612

Antigen processing and presentation

hsa04650

Natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity

hsa04620

Toll-like receptor signaling pathway

hsa04060

Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction

hsa04141

Protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum

Network

nt06517 TLR signaling

Gene

(LPRS3) TLR2 [HSA:7097] [KO:K10159]
(LPRS4) LTA [HSA:4049] [KO:K05468]
(LPRS5) TLR1 [HSA:7096] [KO:K05398]

Pathogen

Mycobacterium leprae [GN:mle] (from India)
Mycobacterium leprae [GN:mlb] (from Brazil)
Mycobacterium lepromatosis [GN:mlm]

Drug

Dapsone [DR:D00592]

Other DBs

ICD-11:

1B20

ICD-10:

A30

MeSH:

D007918

OMIM:

609888 246300 610988 613223

MedlinePlus:

001347

Reference

PMID:21616456

Authors

Rodrigues LC, Lockwood DNj

Title

Leprosy now: epidemiology, progress, challenges, and research gaps.

Journal

Lancet Infect Dis 11:464-70 (2011)
DOI:10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70006-8

Reference

PMID:32339201

Authors

Ploemacher T, Faber WR, Menke H, Rutten V, Pieters T

Title

Reservoirs and transmission routes of leprosy; A systematic review.

Journal

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 14:e0008276 (2020)
DOI:10.1371/journal.pntd.0008276

Reference

PMID:15726416 (TLR2)

Authors

Malhotra D, Relhan V, Reddy BS, Bamezai R

Title

TLR2 Arg677Trp polymorphism in leprosy: revisited.

Journal

Hum Genet 116:413-5 (2005)
DOI:10.1007/s00439-004-1249-9

Reference

PMID:17353895 (LTA)

Authors

Alcais A, Alter A, Antoni G, Orlova M, Nguyen VT, Singh M, Vanderborght PR, Katoch K, Mira MT, Vu HT, Ngyuen TH, Nguyen NB, Moraes M, Mehra N, Schurr E, Abel L

Title

Stepwise replication identifies a low-producing lymphotoxin-alpha allele as a major risk factor for early-onset leprosy.

Journal

Nat Genet 39:517-22 (2007)
DOI:10.1038/ng2000

Reference

PMID:17548585 (TLR1)

Authors

Johnson CM, Lyle EA, Omueti KO, Stepensky VA, Yegin O, Alpsoy E, Hamann L, Schumann RR, Tapping RI

Title

Cutting edge: A common polymorphism impairs cell surface trafficking and functional responses of TLR1 but protects against leprosy.

Journal

J Immunol 178:7520-4 (2007)
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.178.12.7520

Reference

PMID:14737177 (PRKN)

Authors

Mira MT, Alcais A, Nguyen VT, Moraes MO, Di Flumeri C, Vu HT, Mai CP, Nguyen TH, Nguyen NB, Pham XK, Sarno EN, Alter A, Montpetit A, Moraes ME, Moraes JR, Dore C, Gallant CJ, Lepage P, Verner A, Van De Vosse E, Hudson TJ, Abel L, Schurr E

Title

Susceptibility to leprosy is associated with PARK2 and PACRG.

Journal

Nature 427:636-40 (2004)
DOI:10.1038/nature02326

Reference

PMID:16728267 (HLA)

Authors

Geluk A, Ottenhoff TH

Title

HLA and leprosy in the pre and postgenomic eras.

Journal

Hum Immunol 67:439-45 (2006)
DOI:10.1016/j.humimm.2006.03.009

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